Nutrition is one of the important factors for a successful pregnancy and its outcome, sufficient lactation, maintaining the health of the mother, fetus and newborn. The development of the fetus is directly dependent on the nutritional status of the mother, and if the nutrition is inadequate, the supply of the fetus will be limited, which can lead to competition between mother and child for nutrients. A diet depleted of micronutrients, primarily iron, can lead to iron deficiency in the mother and affect lactation function. Evidence suggests that unbalanced nutrition and iron deficiency in the fetus can have a negative impact on human health in the postnatal period, as well as affect the metabolic status of future generations. Iron deficiency occurs as a result of a discrepancy between the need increased during pregnancy and the intake of the mineral from food, which leads to disruption of the work of all organs and systems, and reduces physical and mental performance. If a latent iron deficiency is detected, it is necessary to balance the diet, and use IUDs or iron preparations as a nutritional correction. When iron deficiency anemia is detected, it is necessary to use iron preparations along with complex diet therapy, taking into account the effect of individual nutrients on the absorption of the microelement.

Aim. The objective of our work was to analyze the pharmacological correction of fetal growth retardation syndrome by monotherapy with diosmin and dipyridamole, and to compare their effectiveness.

Materials and methods. A retrospective and prospective examination of 160 pregnant women with a single pregnancy at a gestational age of 28 to 36 weeks with a confirmed diagnosis of fetal growth retardation syndrome of 1 or 2 degrees of an asymmetric form was carried out. An extended collection and analysis of anamnesis, general clinical and obstetric-gynecological examination, laboratory and ultrasound methods were carried out. Newborns were assessed on the Apgar score at birth and 5 minutes later. In the early neonatal period, congenital and transient pathological syndromes were evaluated.

Results. In the group where patients received diosmin, not a single case of placentomegaly was detected, there were no congestion in the intervillous space, which improved microcirculation processes in the fetoplacental complex. A positive effect of diosmin on the intrauterine state of the fetus was revealed, which is realized in the form of an increase in its compensatory abilities to adapt to chronic hypoxia in a much larger percentage of cases compared to dipyridamole.

Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate a difference in the pharmacokinetics of these drugs: diosmin equally improves both maternal and fetal blood flow, which is most valuable for fetal growth retardation syndrome, while dipyridamole affects only the uterine blood flow.

Premenstrual syndrome is a term that combines several disorders that are different in pathogenesis and severity of treatment. Among them: the main premenstrual disorder, premenstrual exacerbation of another disease, and others. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is actually a separate disorder that requires mental health care. This review presents the modern classification of these disorders, provides detailed guidance on their diagnosis and correction. Particular attention is paid to the role of combined oral contraception with drospirenone (COC-DRSP). This form of therapy corrects the symptoms of premenstrual disorders, regardless of the depth of the diagnosis, and is suitable for a significant number of women.

Purpose: the article discusses the possibility of using combined hormonal contraception, the reasons for refusal and the use in women of high-risk groups.

Methods: a review of data for 5 years was carried out, the factors that led to the refusal to use this type of contraception were analyzed. Information has been collected on the guidelines for action in patients with a high risk of side effects using combined hormonal contraception.

Conclusions: women’s fear of adverse events, the formation of health problems, are one of the main reasons for refusing to use contraceptives or completely stopping their use. Future research should explore user bias towards hormonal contraception for a better understanding of birth control, better matching the needs and expectations of women and men today.

Violations of neuroendocrine homeostasis under stressful conditions against the background of increased estrogen presence in tissues can become a stimulus for the development of benign breast pathology, both in the form of pain syndrome – cyclic mastalgia, less often non-cyclic mastalgia, and in the form of benign breast dysplasia (DMDM), one of symptoms of which can also be mastalgia. The diagnosis and treatment of benign breast pathology has been the responsibility of a gynecologist since 2009. This is correct, the pathogenetic commonality of pain syndromes and diseases associated with abnormal proliferation is obvious in gynecological practice. The goal of treating mastalgia is to improve the quality of life of the patient, but if mastalgia has a morphological substrate in the form of DMDM, then in addition to pain relief. It is necessary to provide for curbing the progression of the disease to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. Hormonal treatment has limited possibilities here and the search for therapeutic concepts is usually carried out in the direction of therapy with plant-derived molecules that can influence the metabolism of estrogens in tissues. In addition to this lever of influence on the abnormal proliferation processes abnormal proliferation in the mammary gland, there are other targets involved in the pathophysiology of abnormal proliferation and pain in the mammary gland, in particular, oxidative stress, the immune system, etc. In this regard, molecules with pleiotropic biological effects are of interest, such as resveratrol, simultaneously exhibiting the properties of phytoestrogen, antioxidant, insulin sensitizer, etc. The combination of resveratrol and indole-3-carbinol for the treatment of cyclic mastalgia and DMDM seems to be an attractive option for improving the quality of life and preventing malignant neoplasms.

Introduction. Hyperplastic diseases of the female reproductive system are localized in second place after infectious diseases, and take first place by severity. It is known that certain phytonutrients have a chemoprotective effect on the organs of the reproductive system.

The purpose of this review is to evaluate the potential protective effect of glucosinolates and their derivatives isolated from cruciferous plants on the female reproductive organs.

Material and methods. A systematic review of literature data from PubMED, MEDLINE, CyberLeninka, etc. was carried out.

Results and discussion. Conclusion. The review showed a significant potential chemoprophylactic potential of glucosinolates in the correction of hyperplastic and proliferative diseases of the female reproductive system. Glucosinolate derivates such as indole‑3-carbinol (I3C), diindolylmethane (DIM), and sulforaphane are promising natural compounds for the prevention of various tumor diseases. Further studies are required regarding dosages, combinations and recommendations for practical use.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is currently regarded as a multifactorial disease with a genetic predisposition, characterized by a wide variability in clinical manifestations that affect the reproductive, endocrine and metabolic functions of women. Despite the great scientific interest in this pathology, the causes and mechanisms of development remain not fully understood. In this article, we reviewed the most current research on the genetic markers of PCOS.

Objective. To evaluate the current view on the problem of diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of uterine adnexa (CIDUA).

Materials and methods. A search was performed in PubMed electronic databases, eLIBRARY.RU, «CyberLeninka» using the terms «chronic inflammatory diseases of the uterine adnexa», «chronic salpingoophoritis», «pelvic inflammatory diseases», «diagnosis», «treatment» in various combinations. 130 references were received, 50 articles in English, French and Russian were selected.

Results. Additional diagnostic methods include the assessment of immunological biomarkers of inflammation (interleukins 1ß, 4, 6; tumor necrosis factor α) in the blood. An increased expression of the B-cell activation factor was found in whole tissue samples of patients with CIDUA. The average platelet volume is significantly reduced in patients with CIDUA, so this indicator can serve as a more valuable marker than the number of white blood cells. In patients with CIDUA, there is a significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation products. The inclusion of the immunomodulator aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium in the treatment of CIDUA allows you to restore the disturbed immunological balance. Therapy with the inclusion of bov azoximer hyaluronidase leads to an improvement in the rheological properties of blood. 1 month after treatment with antioxidants, normal indicators of lipid peroxidation are noted. The effectiveness of the use of plasmapheresis, ultraviolet illumination of blood, laser therapy and ozone is shown. Hyperbaric oxygen has a bactericidal effect.

Conclusions. The problem of CIDUA remains one of the most urgent at the present time. Therefore, modern aspects of diagnosis (determination of immunological biomarkers of inflammation, expression of B-cell activation factor, average platelet volume, the level of intermediate products of lipid peroxidation) and treatment (use of immunomodulators, antioxidants, plasmapheresis, ultraviolet illumination of blood, ozone therapy, laser therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy) are quite relevant.

Arming gynecological oncology with modern chemotherapy schemes, elements of aggressive oncosurgery, it is possible to achieve an increase in the number of cured patients with locally advanced forms of cervical cancer (CC), providing an improvement in the immediate and longterm results of treatment. The proposed method of surgical treatment is the method of choice for the surgical treatment of patients with locally advanced forms of cervical cancer (stages IIA – IIIB).

Purpose. Introduction into clinical practice of the method of surgical treatment of IIA – IIIB stages of cervical cancer.

Material and methods. Long-term results of treatment of 155 patients with morphologically verified stage IIA – IIIB cervical cancer were studied. The patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) (n=110) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (n=45). When resectability was achieved, the patients underwent surgical treatment using a new technique. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) outcomes were assessed.

Results. In the period from 2017 to 2020, 155 patients with stage IIA – IIIB cervical cancer after NACT (n=110) and CRT (n=45) underwent combinedextended extirpation of the uterus with appendages according to our patented method. The most frequent postoperative complications were urination disorders in 106 (67 – 60.9 % and 19 – 42.2 %) patients, lymphatic cysts in 30 (20 – 18.2 % – and 10 – 22.2 %) patients and vesicovaginal fistula in 7 patients (5 – 4.6 % and 2 – 4.4 %), respectively. According to the results of a pathomorphological study, the most frequent tumor response to NACT was III degree of therapeutic pathomorphosis (TP) in 44 patients (40 %) of group 1 and in 21 patients – IV degree TP, amounting to 46.6 %. The median follow-up was 28.7 months. (from 3.6 to 51.1 months). During this time, 30 patients died in both groups (17 – 15.5 % – and 13 – 28.9 %) (p=0.047). Disease progression occurred in 16 (10.3 %) patients (6 – 5.5 % – and 10 – 22.2 %) (p = 0.004) respectively. The 3-year OS was 83.8 ± 3.7 and 71.0±6.8 (p=0.131), PFS – 93.5±2.6 and 77.7±6.6 (p=0.006).

Conclusion. The proposed method of surgical treatment of IIA – IIIB stages of cervical cancer has a novelty and can be used in practical medicine for the surgical treatment of oncology diseases in cervical cancer.