The success of implantation treatment largely depends on osseointegration – a stable connection of bone tissue cells with the implant surface. One of the key technical factors on which successful osseointegration depends is the biocompatible surface of the implant.

Materials and methods. The authors investigated three series of coatings on prototypes (samples) of titanium implants for biological compatibility: titanium dioxide (TiO₂) films obtained by plasma activated atomic layer deposition (PEALD); titanium dioxide (TiO₂) films obtained by sol-gel method; diamond-like carbon (DLC) films. Primary cultures of MSCs – mesenchymal stromal cells of rat adipose tissue were used to study proliferative activity.

Results. A total of 30 samples were examined, samples made of titanium grade VT6 without coating served as a control. Samples, TiO₂ ALD 25 nm, DLC 100 nm and DLC 200 nm, on which cellular elements showed significantly high levels of proliferative activity showed high biological compatibility.

Purpose: histological and radiographic study and comparison of osseointegration and stability of implants without orthopedic load, installed in different ways (simultaneously in a fresh socket immediately after tooth extraction and in mature bone).

Materials and methods: the criterion for inclusion in the study was the possibility of placing a test (immediately after tooth extraction) and a control implant (in mature bone) on opposite sites without the use of osteoplastic materials or membranes. The procedures were followed by periapical radiography, which was repeated three months later. According to the comparative data of the images, the marginal loss of bone tissue was calculated. Both implants were removed to obtain histological specimens. Sections were prepared by standard staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Using an X-ray digitizer, the percentage of implant-to-bone connection was calculated.

Results: the data of histological and radiographic studies showed no significant difference in the osseointegration of the implant in the post-extraction lenok and in the mature bone. There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of bone connection between test and control implants placed in different jaws. Connective tissue in implants is absent, as well as fibrous. Bone destruction was not observed in histological sections.

Conclusions: jsseointegration and survival of dental implants without orthopedic load, installed without the use of osteoplastic materials in a fresh post-extraction hole and in a mature bone is almost the same, regardless of the place of installation (upper or lower jaw).

The message for the use of orthopedic structures based on dental implants is the high aesthetic, functional, articulatory aspects of their use. However, the analysis of modern literature sources shows that the orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with partial absence of teeth by fitting crowns based on dental implants has a rather high percentage of complications. Our clinical analysis of the results of orthopedic treatment based on dental implants in the long-term aspect in 267 patients aged 20 to 60 years, identified many clinical complications. We have studied 350 orthopedic structures, as well as 885 dental implants. A systematic analysis of the obtained clinical data made it possible not only to identify the detected complications after orthopedic treatment based on dental implants in the long term, but also to divide the identified complications into two groups: typical and typical-specific. For example, such complications as bone tissue atrophy at the site of dental implant installation (35.62%), lack of flush space (25.47%), dental deposits (21.14), physical mobility of the installed implant (13.63 %), peri-implantitis and mucositis (12.49%).

A new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) leads to changes in the oral cavity, which makes it important to consider the optimal use of oral care products. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of preventive toothpastes with herbal components, along with the use of antiseptic rinses, in the treatment of elderly patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis and against the background of postcovid syndrome. 48 elderly patients with postcovid syndrome suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity were examined, who underwent the generally accepted complex treatment of periodontitis, but the methods of individual oral care differed due to the inclusion of rinses to the toothpastes used in the technique. It has been established that in elderly people suffering from periodontitis against the background of a new coronavirus infection, there are large violations of hemomicrocirculation in periodontal tissues, as well as a high incidence of periodontal pathogens. It was also noted that toothpastes in combination with mouthwashers are highly effective for individual oral hygiene in such patients. Despite the relatively identical clinical characteristics of oral hygiene and indicators of the condition of periodontal tissues, the use of a rinse aid with chlorhexidine during the week at the beginning of complex treatment helps to reduce the frequency of detection of periodontal pathogens, which is important for the secondary prevention of periodontitis and its recurrence.

Galvanic phenomena in the oral cavity are associated with the presence in the oral cavity of metal structures and inclusions of dissimilar metals (crowns, implants, inlays, pins). These phenomena can occur in the vast majority of dental patients. The review article analyzes the literature on galvanic processes in the oral cavity, methods for their diagnosis, and also touches upon the issues of terminology in describing galvanic processes in the oral cavity. Methods for determining the electrochemical potentials of metal structures and inclusions in the mouth and their diagnostic value are considered in a comparative manner in terms of theoretical and physical aspects of their advantages and disadvantages for practical use in the clinic. The necessity of developing a unified method for determining the electrochemical potentials of metal structures and inclusions located in the oral cavity, its theoretical basis and clinical approbation in order to improve the efficiency of diagnosis of galvanic syndrome in patients with a dental profile is substantiated.

The prevalence and detection of cancer in the world is steadily increasing. The most common methods of treating malignant neoplasms are chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Patients undergoing this treatment often experience oral complications. The most common complication is oral mucositis. According to the literature, the probability of its occurrence is from 20 to 80% [2, 3]. Oral mucositis and other complications have a negative impact on the quality of life of cancer patients. They face pain, difficulty eating, swallowing, and damage to the oral mucosa increase the risk of secondary infection.

Aim. Evaluation of the dental status of oncological patients starting chemotherapy treatment.

Material and methods. The study involved 94 patients aged 45 to 59, who were divided into three groups: 1 – malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region (n = 23), 2 – gastrointestinal tract (n = 39), 3 – breast (n = 32). To determine the dental status, the values of the DFM, PMA, OHI-s indices, as well as local factors contributing to the aggravation of the oral cavity (metal structures, sharp edges of the teeth) were studied. To assess the awareness of patients about the rules and methods of maintaining an individual hygienic state of the oral cavity, a survey of patients was conducted.

Results. The dental status of cancer patients was assessed. The average value of the DFM index in group I is 13.3 (high), in group II – 11.4 (high), in group III – 5.7 (medium). The average value of the OHI-S index in group I was 3.8 (poor), in group II it was 3.1 (poor), in group III it was 1.7 (poor). The average value of the PMA index in group I was 67 (severe degree of inflammation), in group II – 55.6 (moderate degree of inflammation), in group III – 30.8 (moderate degree of inflammation). According to the survey, low awareness of patients about the means and methods of monitoring individual oral hygiene was revealed. Risk factors have been identified in the form of sharp edges of teeth and metal structures that can contribute to the development of severe complications from the oral cavity during chemotherapy treatment.

Conclusion. According to the results of the study, an unsatisfactory dental status of patients with oncological diseases of various localization was revealed. The need for control by dentists is shown.

Introduction. In the last decade, there has been an increase in publications in the field of odontopreparation using robotic technologies in the literature. The study of patent and literary publications on this subject led to the conclusion that at present the key direction of dentistry is the improvement of various means, methods for diagnosing pathological conditions of the oral cavity through the use of robotic systems. Purpose – to study the long-term results of treatment with fixed bridge structures in the lateral sections of the dentition.

Materials and methods. We selected outpatient records of 54 patients who applied to the Samara Regional Dental Polyclinic in the period from 2015 to 2022 with a diagnosis of partial absence of teeth in the posterior region, who underwent orthopedic treatment using bridges. Subsequently, all these patients made a number of complaints about chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane from injuries caused by orthopedic structures, impaired self-cleaning from food residues, impaired fixation of the orthopedic structure, and in some cases, a fracture of the supporting part of the prosthesis or tooth stump.

Conclusions. Undoubtedly, for high-quality dental treatment, it is necessary to ensure high-quality visualization of the x-ray picture of the bone tissue in the area of the supporting teeth, as well as take into account excessive chewing loads that may occur during the operation of the bridge. A competent choice of an orthopedic design, as well as compliance with these conditions, makes it possible to ensure the long-term use of orthopedic prostheses with a high degree of probability.

The article presents data of foreign authors on the influence of orthodontic treatment on head posture. Our own study of 102 patients with vertical type of growth and distal occlusion before and after orthodontic treatment was carried out. The effect of rotation of the occlusal plane on the head posture was studied.

Materials and Methods: 102 patients with vertical type of growth and distal occlusion were examined before and after orthodontic treatment. Performed cephalometric analysis using CBCT, analyzed the head posture before and after orthodontic treatment.

Results: There were significant changes in the parameters characterizing the head position NSL-VER (83,75-82,10), NL-VER (91,55-88,85), NSL-OPT (82,95-85,75), NL-OPT (74,80-76), NSL-CVT (92,80-96,70), NL-CVT (83,30-85,40), и OPT-HOR (81,55-78,15), CVT-HOR (91,90-90,50).

Conclusions: 1) Flattening of the occlusal plane during orthodontic treatment affects the position of the head 2) Orthodontic treatment doesn’t effect on bone structures ( SNA, SNB, ANB, WITS, Beta).

Postoperative wound healing is known to depend on the duration and intensity of local inflammatory and restorative responses. It has been established that the course of the wound process is significantly affected by immunodeficiency states caused by previous diseases, including COVID-19. The article presents an analysis of the results of the study of the active components of microvasculature regulation obtained by laser doppler flowmetry in surgical dental patients after surgical treatment tumor-like formations (epidermoid cysts, atheromas) of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial region. The study was performed at the 1^st, 7^th and 30^th days, as well as at 6 and 12 months after surgery. 98 patients were included in equal groups. Representatives of the main group have a history of COVID-19. It was established that against the background of a surgical wound, the post-covid condition contributes to a significant violation of the functioning of the endothelium of the vascular wall, which is confirmed by significant differences in the decrease in the amplitude of endothelial rhythms in the comparison groups from the first day of the postoperative period. At the same time, a significant increase in the amplitude of myogenic rhythms (Am) on the first day of postoperative LDF-metry in patients in the main group, in comparison with the control (31.67 perf. units versus 23.13 perf. units, respectively), should be interpreted not only as a reaction to surgical injury, but also as a result of long-term complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Thus, the obtained results give reason to conclude that in surgical dental patients who have a history of COVID-19, the active mechanisms of regulation of the peripheral microvasculature (amplitudes of myogenic and endothelial rhythms) are less stable and, accordingly, are subject to imbalances and pronounced dysfunctions, the correction of which takes a longer time (in comparison with the control). In this regard, patients of the main group need additional perioperative therapy with subsequent rehabilitation.

Local hypothermia is used to control inflammation, pain, edema, neuroprotection, and reduce muscle lockjaw. Despite the frequent use of cooling in neurology, cardiology, orthopedic rehabilitation, and physiotherapy, there is little scientific literature on the use of controlled hypothermia in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The aim of our study was to develop and substantiate the clinical effectiveness of the method of controlled cooling of the soft tissues of the parotid-masticatory and buccal areas as an anti-inflammatory physiotherapeutic agent in patients after surgery for the removal of dystopic wisdom teeth. For this, local controlled cooling of the masticatory-buccal and submandibular regions was carried out using the ViThermo apparatus in the study group, and cryotherapy was carried out in the control group. As a result, local controlled hypothermia of the soft tissues of the parotid-masticatory and buccal areas at an external constant temperature of the mask of 18 °С allows you to reach 32–34.2 °С of the soft tissues of the specified area and mucous membrane, which is safe and sufficient to provide anti-inflammatory action in the postoperative period with complex tooth extraction wisdom.

The article reflects the results of a study of the relationship of emotional burnout syndrome (EBS) with the social status of patients and its impact on the somatic health and oral health of 146 patients aged 25 to 57 years. The survey showed that patients exposed to EBS by social status are more often unmarried, are urban residents, more often suffer from pathology of the cardiovascular system compared with emotionally stable patients. Respondents with a high level of EBS often complain about dryness and discomfort in the oral cavity in the form of tightness and roughness of the oral mucosa. As the level of EBS increases, oral hygiene worsens, general kinetic mobility and adsorption activity of epithelial cells of the oral mucosa suffer. However, the intensity of caries, as well as the frequency of detection of inflammatory periodontal diseases, do not change significantly depending on the degree of EBS.

According to the results of X-ray studies of 74 patients of youthful and first period of mature age with physiological occlusion, the boundaries of the variability of the inclination angles of premolars and molars to the occlusal plane were determined. Patients, taking into account the size of the interincisal angle of antagonizing medial incisors, were divided into three groups with protrusion (n=23), mesotrusion (n=33) and retrusion (n=18) types of dental arches. It was established that in patients of the first group in the upper jaw, the inclination angles of the first premolars (92.34±3.16°), second premolars (95.57±3.03°), first molars (91.31±2.56° ), second molars (83.52±2.45°) to the occlusal plane is statistically significantly higher than similar dimensional parameters (87.95±2.17°, 85.06±2.87°, 81.49±2.06°, 76.47±2.49°, p≤0.05) in patients of the third group. In people of the second group on the upper jaw, the indicators of the angles of inclination of the first premolars (90.23±2.65°), second premolars (88.36±2.36°), first molars (84.02±2.61°), second molars (78.64±2.17°) to the occlusal plane occupy an intermediate position between the angular values of the patients of the first and third groups. In patients of the first group in the lower jaw, the dimensions of the inclination angles of the first premolars (91.76±1.78°), second premolars (96.73±2.06°), first molars (100.45±3.18°), second molars (104.51±3.35°) to the occlusal plane is statistically significantly less than similar dimensional values (99.89±3.01°, 104.32±3.14°, 107.29±3.09°, 111, 72±2.08°, p≤0.05) of patients of the third group. In people of the second group on the lower jaw, the parameters of the inclination angles of the first premolars (94.49±3.05°), second premolars (101.52±2.87°), first molars (104.96±3.08°), second molars (109.21±2.75°) to the occlusal plane occupy a middle position between the angular values of the patients of the first and third groups. The proposed method for analyzing the angles of inclination to the occlusal plane is of scientific and applied significance in the formation of an information electronic database for standardization and certification of X-ray morphometric studies, as well as an adequate interpretation of the data of X-ray studies of the maxillofacial region in normal and under various pathological conditions.

In a significant number of patients suffering from partial absence of teeth, computed tomography determines a deficiency of bone tissue in the area of missing teeth. This in turn complicates the placement of dental implants. The modern dental market is widely represented by various osteoconductive and indifferent materials that allow restoring the missing volume of bone tissue. An analysis of the literature data demonstrates the highest efficiency of osteoconductive materials. Their most effective representative is Kollpan-L®. Target. To determine the features of the clinical use of Kollapana-L® during closed sinus lift. Materials and methods. Patient M., aged 54, complained of a partial absence of teeth in the upper jaw. When conducting a computed tomography study, it was revealed the need to use the osteoplastic material «Kollapan-L»® during the operation of a closed sinus lift. Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the use of osteoplastic material «Kollapan-L»® allows to reduce various postoperative complications (pain, swelling), and also promotes accelerated regeneration of bone tissue in the area of the defect.