A clinical and experimental study of efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy was conducted. Clinical part of the study was performed in 82 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from ovarian cancer (OC). The first group of patients consisted of 46 women with recurrent OC who underwent combined treatment, including re-cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC): with cisplatin 100 mg/m² or with doxorubicin 25 mg/m². The second group was a control group of 40 women with recurrent OC who underwent systemic chemotherapy with the cytostatics after cytoreductive interventions. The primary end point was recurrence-free survival. The median recurrence-free survival was 6.6 months in the first group and 4.8 months in the second group (p < 0.05). Thus, recurrence-free survival in the surgery-plus-HIPEC group was higher than in the surgery-plus-systemic chemotherapy group. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the model of transplanted ascitic OC in 288 females Wistar rats in whom the OC transplant in the number of 1 к 10⁷ tumor cells was inoculated. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy was performed once 48 hours after the tumor transplantation. Dioxadet in the maximum tolerated doses was administered with intraperitoneal injection chemotherapy (IIC) with a syringe at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg of body weight and solution with the drug was pumped through the abdominal cavity with a special pump at a dose of 30 mg/kg at a temperature of 36.5-37.5 °C as normothermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (NIPEC) and at a dose of 15 mg/kg at a temperature 40.5-41.5 °C as HIPEC. In the control groups rats were given in the similar ways with saline solution. The antitumor effects of the treatment were evaluated by increasing the lifespan of rats. In the control group average survival rate was 15 days. Compared to the control, IIC, NIPEC and HIPEC increased the average survival rate by 85, 97 and 202 %, respectively. Thus, the most effective regimen of intraperitoneal chemotherapy is HIPEC with dioxadet.

Basing on new clinical trials data, the optimal duration of colon cancer adjuvant therapy is considered depending on molecular characteristics and pathologic tumor staging. The presented results potentially influence the clinical decision on chemotherapy regimen choice and optimal duration of adjuvant treatment.

The study includes 134 patients assigned to oncology at the Kursk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary from the year 2012 to 2016 with the diagnosis: thyroid cancer. The protocols of ultrasound investigations, outpatient and inpatient medical records in various institutions of the Kursk region at all stages of diagnosis, treatment and dynamic observation are analyzed. Only 58 patients (42.3 %) have received a survey at the place of residence during primary diagnosis and 76 (56.7 %) at the dispensary observation stage. 34 (25.4 %) patients have to apply to commercial organizations. There is no connection between the location of the primary ultrasound and the place of residence (p > 0.05), the location of the primary ultrasound is fixed with the examination clinic after the end of the specialized treatment (p < 0.05), which indicates a violation of routing. Our data on the informativeness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer (a significant number of discrepancies, regardless of the stage of the disease [p > 0.05], communication of informativity with the place of examination [p < 0.001]) indicate the need for morphological verification of the thyroid nodal pathology. The relationship between the informative value of fine needle apiration biopsy (p < 0.001) and the site, regardless of the size and histological structure of the node (p > 0.05) is revealed.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare malignance tumor, which arise from melanocytes of the uveal tract. Now there is no options of the systemic therapy that increase the overall survival of patients with metastatic UM. Recent researches significantly improved our understanding of biology feature UM, what can help in personalization of the treatment. In this review we will consider biology features, modern options and future treatment strategies of metastatic UM.

Aim. Evaluation of prognostic role of estrogen receptors at male patients with NSLC. Methods and materials. 95 clinical cases of male patients who underwent treatment in the National Medical Research Centre of Oncology n.a. N. N. Blokhin (Moscow, Russia) from 2009 to 2016 were studied. All patients had NSLC confirmed by histological analysis and follow-up results were also examined. Results. The low level of estrogen ß receptor expression does not have prognostic value at male patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. However, an expression of ER ß can be used as a prognostic factor for male patients with locally advanced NSLC: low level of ER ß expression was associated with longer survival rate with comparison to patients with higher ER ß expression (78.0 and 51.0 % correspondingly; p = 0.04). Therefore, the high level of ER ß expression in squamous cell at male patients with NSLC can be a new target for antiestrogen therapy. Conclusion. 1. The level of ER ß expression does not correlate with the prognosis of the disease at male patients with adenocarcinoma and cannot be used as a prognostic factor. 2. The level of ER ß expression prognosticates the relapse-free survival at male patients with locally advanced NSLC after R-0 resection. High level of ER ß expression in the lung tissue of male patients with NSLC allows using it as a target for antiestrogen therapy.

Objective. There are some descriptions of different boness stress fractures in existing literature, among them fractures of os sacrum and femoral heads. We estimated radiotherapy dose on bones mentioned above and collated them with the revealed stress fractures in selected patients. Materials and methods. Since 2011 till 2015 year 129 patients with morphologically proven squamous cell anal cancer were treated with chemoradiotherapy IMRT and mytomycin-based CT. Results. Stress fractures of a sacrum without any symptoms was diagnosed on MRI scan in 5 (3.9 %) patients, aged 54-75, with stages IIIA/IIIB within one year since treatment finished. In our patients no one of those with stress fracture hadn ’t radiotherapy dose more than 45 Gy on sacrum. For dose estimation on femoral heads they were contoured as separate structure in 10 patients: D2 % was 41.62 ± 0.84 Gy, V45 was 3.08 ± 1.75 cm³. Conclusion. Stress fractures are rare but important complication of modern radiation therapy and call for modern diagnostic methods. State-of-art treatment involves radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and higher doses of radiotherapy on distinct regions of pelvic bones may increase the risk of stress fracture.

Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and impaire of muscle function due to age-related and neurohumoral changes, intake disturbance and muscle catabolism. Sarcopenia diagnoses from 20 to 70 % patients with advanced cancer and associates with some negative effects. This condition is in the spotlight of practitioner oncologists rarely, also for diagnostic difficulties. Now a skeletal muscle index (SMI), which can be defined during computed tomographic is a "gold standard" for the evaluation of sarcopenia. It was established, that low SMI when solid tumours diagnosis is associated with worse overall survival. The treatment of sarcopenia requires multidisciplinary approach, including optimal protein-enriched intake and resistance training.

A study was made of the main metabolites of ferrokinetics (hepcidin-25, interleukin-6, soluble transferrin receptors, ferritin, erythropoietin) for the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency syndromes (IDS). 62 patients with colorectal cancer were examined before treatment: 35 men and 27 women aged from 31 to 89 (61.5 ± 1.7) years. Three types of anemia are distinguished. 21 people were with iron deficiency (IDA), 23 people were with iron deficiency erythropoiesis (IDE) and with functional iron deficiency (FID) were 18 people. Microcytosis and hypochromia of erythrocytes were characteristic for all lypes of anemia. The concentration of RF, HP-25, IL-6 was reduced in patients with IDA and significantly increased in the group with PDI in comparison with the control. In contrast to IDA, a high level of RF was noted in patients with IDE. The indicators of rRJF exceeded the upper limit of the norm in all 3 groups. EPO analysis showed that lower production was observed in all (100 %) patients with FID, and therefore in patients with a common tumor process (stages III-IV), to a lesser extent in patients with IDA and IDE. Further investigation of the expression of HP-25, IL-6 is especially important in the differential diagnosis of IDS in combination with IDA and PDI, since the treatment is fundamentally different. The prospect is a pathogenetic approach to the treatment of IDS in cancer patients using anti-hepatic drugs based on antibodies to the hormone, inhibitors and blockers of its expression under the control of the concentration of GP-25 and, possibly, IL-6.

PEComa is a mesenchymal malignant tumor, which optimal treatment strategy remains undeveloped because of the rarity of occurrence of this tumor. The main treatment is surgery, but investigators continue to search for solutions that could enhance the effectiveness of resection and improve long-term results. This paper presents the case of the relative effectiveness of preoperative hormonal and radiation therapy patient with pelvic PEComa: fixed degree of therapeutic effect in remote tumor was higher than that in the above large meta analysis, and the follow-up to the resumption of the disease after complex treatment of a relapsing tumor is greater than in the primary tumor s surgical treatment.