Relevance. The article provides an analysis of the obtained results of quantitative changes in the concentration of trace elements in the salivary fluid of athletes against the background of correction of oral hygiene and the use of additional hygiene products with different compositions.

Objective. To analyze the effectiveness of preventive measures for the oral cavity in people undergoing sports training, taking into account their microelement status and its quantitative changes after 4 months of regular use.

Materials and Methods. The study involved four groups of athletes, each using a different oral care product: Group 1 (TP): high-mineral toothpaste. Group 2 (X): lollipops with xylitol. Group 3 (TP+X): combination of toothpaste with minerals Group 4 (0): standard toothpaste without additional properties.

Results. Analysis of the results reveals quantitative changes in the trace elements composition of salivary fluid of athletes after 4 months of using an additional oral hygiene products with different compositions.

Conclusion. The study showed that the use of hygiene products with a high content of microelements leads to a significant improvement in the composition of saliva in athletes. This highlights the importance of choosing hygiene products that help maintain oral health and strengthen tooth enamel. It is recommended to continue to use such products to prevent dental diseases and improve the general condition of the oral cavity in this population.

The paper comprises information on the main processes of molecular-cellular interaction occurring in the wound during its healing. The main stages with their inherent sequence of molecular events that can affect the quality of wound healing, including in the long term, are reflected in the article. The data described give an idea of the most relevant areas for the study of wound healing mechanisms that are of practical importance for specialists dealing with this problem. The experienced authors of the paper deal in their practice with issues of effective impact on wound healing parameters with restoration of unctional and metabolic parameters of the damaged tissue.

Aim: to estimate patients’ awareness of the risk of developing/increasing symptoms of their existing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder and preventive measures.

Materials and methods: of the 163 patients over 18 years old examined with a diagnosis according to ICD-10 K07.6. Temporomandibular joint diseases, who sought treatment for the restoration of chewing function and/or aesthetics of the dentition, 94 people were included in the study. The first stage of the study was a questionnaire consisting of two parts, namely, identifying the nature of complaints from the TMJ and cases of developing/worsening symptoms of TMJ diseases during therapeutic dental treatment, as well as awareness assessment of the risks of the mentioned above phenomenon during long-term therapeutic dental treatment.

Results: this survey showed that women are more informed about the risk of developing symptoms of TMJ disease as a result of long-term therapeutic treatment compared to men (p = 0.021). When analyzing the presence of complaints about TMJ depending on awareness, the chance of the answer «there is a complaint» in the group of informed patients was several times lower compared to the group of respondents who did not have information about the possible negative impact of long-term dental therapeutic treatment on TMJ (p = 0.034).

Conclusion: based on the conducted study, it can be concluded that patients with a diagnosis of K07.6. Diseases of the temporomandibular joint, informed about the features of their disease, less often have complaints from the TMJ.

Radioiodine therapy is performed for highly differentiated papillary and follicular prostate cancer. The manifestation of the side effect of radioiodine therapy on the salivary glands leads to structural and functional changes in healthy organs.

Background. The presence of persistent symptoms and manifestations of sialoadenitis underscores the need to find preventive measures for radio-induced sialoadenitis. The combination of a history of thyroid cancer and concomitant complications of salivary gland diseases requires dynamic monitoring and determination of the quality of life of this group of patients after RT.

Material and methods. As a result of the examination of 70 patients at different times after radiation therapy, various combinations of damage to one or more salivary glands were identified and described in this article during clinical and X-ray examination. According to the sociological survey and laboratory diagnosis of thyroid hormones, the assessment of the quality of life of these patients was carried out. Statistical processing of the obtained results.

Results. It was revealed that the development of post-radiation sialoadenitis in the early and delayed periods after radioiodine therapy is characterized by a variety of clinical and structural manifestations. The presence of thyroid cancer and pronounced radio-induced manifestations from the salivary glands significantly affect the quality of life of patients.

Conclusions. The progression of salivary gland disease does not depend on the administered total therapeutic dose of sodium iodide, gender, age. The undesirable effects of radioiodine therapy on the salivary glands against the background of thyroid disease negatively affect the quality of life.

Currently, there are numerous reports in the world and in Russia about a serious complication of the new coronavirus infection – extensive damage to the soft tissue and bone structures of the middle zone of the face. This complication is polyethological in nature and is caused by immunosuppression due to the severe course of COVID-19, high doses of glucocorticosteroids, hyperglycemia, against which an opportunistic infectious necrotic process develops a second time caused by various microorganisms, including fungi of the genus Mucorales, as well as various bacterial flora. The article provides an analysis of the sensitivity to antibacterial drugs of the most significant microorganisms in postcovoid lesions of the maxillofacial region, which were isolated as a result of microbiological research, namely Klebsiella pneumonia and Streptococcus viridans. The main criteria for choosing antimicrobial therapy for this pathology are also formulated.

Aim. Study of compliance patients with syndrome of the close-fitting position teeth matching with teeth-maxillary anomaly to hygiene of the oral cavity and treatment of the inflammatory diseases of the structured units of parodontal tissues.

Material and methods. Examined 67 teenagers and 123 adult contingents dentistry acceptance (190 pers.) at the age from 13 to 50 years with syndrome of the close-fitting position teeth and other anomaly of the correlation of the teeth rows. For the reason estimations of patient’s compliance to hygiene of oral cavity and to parodontal treatment used the interviewed method with using of three varieties of the questionnaires. First questionnaire for estimation of compliance patient amongst 107 patients included eight questions, concerning particularities of the care for oral cavity. Examined patients of the second group (83 pers.) teenagers’ age and adult contingent were conditionally divided into 2 subgroups: the first subgroup interviewed patients, addressed for sanation of oral cavity and not presenting complaints on the part of parodontal tissues; the second subgroup – patients, addressed for parodontal treatment.

Results. Beside patient with gingivitis and parodontitis hygienic condition of oral cavity statistical did not differ, that confirms low compliance patient to hygiene of the oral cavity, regardless of clinical and x-ray of the condition of parodontal tissues.

Conclusion. Amongst examined patient with syndrome of the close-fitting position teeth in combination with teeth-maxillary anomaly correlative analysis of the factors, reflecting hygienic condition and compliance to hygiene of the oral cavity, revealed statistical reliable inverse dependency, that is to say, high factors compliance to hygiene of oral cavity turned out to be beside persons with smaller importance of the factors of the plaque teeth and conversely.

According to the various studies, the prevalence of malocclusions accompanied by functional and morphological disorders of the dental system ranges from 24.5% to 37.3%. In addition to the functional issues, changes in facial aesthetics negatively affect the psychological state of patients and their social adaptation. Thorough diagnosis is necessary for effective treatment planning of patients with gnathic forms of malocclusion. One of the key diagnostic methods is cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which allows a detailed assessment of the structure of the facial skull. Without an adequate assessment of the anatomical features of the facial skeleton, including the position and size of the jaws, it is impossible to plan the treatment for such patients. CBCT provides an accurate three-dimensional image, which is especially important for choosing optimal treatment tactics and achieving both functional and aesthetic results.

Materials and Methods. A total of 120 patients with dental occlusion disorders were examined by using cone-beam computed tomography.

Results and Discussion. Cone-beam computed tomography is the most effective technology for performing cephalometric analysis of the skull in patients with various dental anomalies.

Complete secondary adentia is a two-sided problem for both the patient and the dentist. Patients cannot lead a full-fledged lifestyle due to impaired aesthetics and chewing functions, and dentists experience certain difficulties in performing diagnostic manipulations in this category of patients. Currently, there are no methods for determining the volume of mouth opening in toothless jaws using a hardware and software package, which was the purpose of the study. The work is based on the examination of 30 people with a diagnosis of complete secondary adentia, the control group consisted of healthy people without partial secondary adentia. For the frequency of the study, a correlation analysis of the criteria obtained using a caliper compass and a hardware and software complex was performed. The comparative analysis revealed the reliability of the data obtained using the device developed by the authors.

The prevalence of caries complications is high, which makes endodontic treatment relevant, although it reduces tooth strength. The prognosis of endodontically treated teeth is favorable with quality treatment and restoration, where pericervical dentin is important. Composites are suitable for small cavities, but are inferior to enamel in terms of strength. For molars, posts are often used, but their choice requires caution due to the risk of root weakening and cracking. It is important to avoid excessive root preparation while preserving the root structure. The use of posts should be justified, especially in short/fragile roots or obliterated canals. Endocoronca is a minimally invasive restoration for endodontically treated teeth that restores the anatomical crown by filling the pulp chamber. It is indicated in cases of significant tissue loss and limited space. Success rate is 94–100% within 36 months. The main complication is debonding (71%). Fewer root fractures compared to crowns (6% vs. 29%). Composites, ceramics, and polymer-infused ceramic network (PICN) are used in dentistry. PICN combines the strength of ceramics with the elastic modulus of a composite, and is suitable for chewing teeth. Lithium disilicate (LS2) is processed by CAD-CAM, becomes stronger after heating and is ultimately fracture resistant. PICN is closer to enamel in hardness than LS2 and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), but LS2 wears down enamel more, unlike the latter. ZrO₂ is stabilized with yttrium to improve properties. The Russian company ZirconCeramics produces Ziceram multilayer blanks. Studies show that Russian zirconium dioxidebased ceramics are superior to their Chinese counterpart in terms of strength. Two-year observations of crowns made of Ziceram T have shown their high strength, hygiene and biocompatibility. Domestic zirconia is justified for CAD/CAM designs of lateral teeth, but is poorly studied, especially for endocrowns. Surface modification of zirconia improves adhesion. Methods to improve adhesion are divided into: mechanical (sandblasting, acid etching), chemical (10-MDP) and combined (APC protocol: sandblasting, MDP primer, fixation). Clinical studies show a high survival rate for zirconia endocoronets, although studies are rare and short in duration. The CAD/CAM system within the “chairside” technology makes it possible to fabricate restorations quickly, including with new materials such as CEREC Tessera (lithium disilicate with virgilite). The use of domestic ceramic materials and the study of express modes of their syntherization are relevant for import substitution.

Relevance. New multilayer zirconium dioxide ceramic blanks with color and transparency gradients have been developed. However, at present, multilayer ceramic materials based on zirconium dioxide after hours and high-speed sintering have not been sufficiently studied in terms of the results of their use in clinical practice for non-removable dentures in the oral cavity. There was practically no comparative analysis of the effectiveness of cement and adhesive fixation of dentures made of multilayer zirconium dioxide.

The aim of the work is to study the clinical results of the use of nonremovable dentures made of multilayer zirconium dioxide ceramics from domestic and foreign manufacturers after traditional and high-speed sintering during cement and adhesive fixation.

Materials and methods. Dynamic clinical observation was carried out for 3 years for ceramic crowns made of multilayer zirconium dioxide of the Russian «Ziceram ML ET» and the Chinese «Aidite 3D Pro» production with a total of 55 on the lateral teeth of both jaws. Crowns from Ziceram ML ET were sintered using a multi-hour regime (9 hours) or an express regime (25 minutes). Crowns from Aidite 3D Pro were sintered only strictly according to the instructions for 12 hours. 45 crowns were fixed on glass ionomer cement, 5 crowns were fixed adhesive on Russian double-cured cement, 5 – on a similar cement from Linhtenstein. Regular examinations were carried out, the integrity of the crowns and antagonists and the hygienic condition of the prostheses were assessed.

Results. The observation showed no complaints from patients and no crown breakage. The amount of plaque was the same on ceramic crowns and natural teeth.

Conclusions. The study showed that crowns from «Ziceram ML ET» are not inferior to «Aidite 3D Pro» in strength and aesthetics. High-speed sintering of zirconium dioxide has shown efficiency. Clinical trials for prosthetics using «Ziceram ML ET» are recommended.

Caries is the most common disease worldwide (95%), despite the promotion and comprehensive prevention of dental diseases, the introduction of fluoride in various forms and a high level of public awareness. A new prospect for stopping the destruction of enamel are products containing oligopeptides (OP). OP are organic molecules consisting of a small number of amino acid residues connected by peptide bonds, which have found wide application in medical practice. One of the representatives is the synthetic, pH-controlled, self-organizing peptide P11-4 (INCI name Oligopeptide 104), used for biomimetic mineralization, including enamel regeneration. Since P11-4 promotes the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals de novo deep within and throughout the entire area of the carious lesion, the use of this agent in dentistry can be considered as a new, effective and non-invasive option for the treatment of enamel caries in the absence of a carious cavity.

To understand the processes occurring during the development of temporomandibular myofascial pain syndrome, a clear description of the anatomical components is necessary. In the literature, the term «stomatognathic system» is used for this, the elements of which are the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles and the dental periodontal complex. Each component of the system is influenced by a number of factors, primarily psychological, which causes the subjectivization of clinical manifestations from headaches to pathological tooth cutting and the development of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. One of the methods of treating this pathology is to inject botulinum toxin type A into the chewing muscles. However, the question of the choice of methods of administration of botulinum toxin and its dosage remains relevant.

Materials and methods. Botulinum toxin injections were performed outside and intraoral in 30 patients with temporomandibular myofascial pain syndrome. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated on the basis of clinical examination data, analysis of the degree of mouth opening before the start of treatment, after 14 days, 6 and 12 months.

Results. The high efficiency of botulinum toxin type A injections in the treatment of the above pathology has been proven.

Conclusion. It is important to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment based on the developed clinical examination methods, if necessary, correct it in a timely manner at all stages of treatment and follow-up of patients with temporomandibular myofascial pain syndrome.

Postcovoid necrosis of the maxillofacial region is a severe complication of the new coronavirus infection, characterized by an inflammatory process in the paranasal sinuses in combination with necrosis of the bones of the middle zone of the face (upper jaw, nasal concha, zygomatic bone). Many studies provide information that this complication is associated with fungal lesions of the organs of the middle zone of the face with mucormycetes (mucormycosis). The article provides an analysis of the results of a microbiological study of the excretory cavity of the mouth, nasal cavity and maxillary sinus in patients with postcovoid necrosis of the maxillofacial region in comparison with patients with bisphosphonate osteonecrosis of the maxilla, chronic rhinosinusitis, as well as patients with severe COVID-19 who do not have signs of necrosis. Mucormycetes were detected only in samples from 4 patients (18%) with postcovoid necrosis of the maxillofacial region, which did not confirm the hypothesis of the predominant role of this microorganism in the pathogenesis of the complication.

Purpose: analytical analysis and study of literature sources comparing irrigation solutions and their activation methods in routine endodontics.

Materials and methods: in the eLibrary database, PubMed, Google Scholar and Meduniver requested scientific articles using the keywords: root canal cleaning, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, root canal irrigation, activation of irrigation solutions. Thus, this article included 35 research papers on the topic of irrigation solutions and their activation.

Results: this analytical analysis and the study of literary sources have shown that one of the most important factors in the prevention and treatment of endodontic pathology is adequate cleaning and irrigation of the root canal, since in the vast majority of cases they have an irregular shape, numerous lateral, deltoid branches and anastomoses. Oval, dumbbell-shaped or C-shaped root canals are also quite common. In modern endodontics, dentists use sodium hypochlorite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and chlorhexidine as irrigants on a daily basis.

Conclusion: based on the literature, it was revealed that one of the best disinfectant solutions for root canals today is sodium hypochlorite, however, it does not meet all the parameters of an ideal irrigant.

An assessment was made of the level of knowledge of two-year students of the Faculty of Dentistry on issues of providing assistance to children with acute dental trauma.

Materials and methods. A study was conducted based on the results of a survey of 314 students of the USMU Faculty of Dentistry. The questionnaire included 9 questions divided into three blocks. The questions from the first block were used to assess students’ awareness of dental trauma in children, the second block – to assess students’ knowledge of dental fractures in children, the third block – to assess students’ knowledge of dental dislocations in children.

Results. Fifth-year students have more knowledge on dental trauma in children than second-year students. Most fifthyear students (50 to 80%) answered most questions correctly, while in the group of second-year students, correct answers were received from 50% of respondents or less.

Conclusions. The level of knowledge of students of the USMU Faculty of Dentistry on dental trauma is insufficient. It seems promising to introduce additional disciplines and modules on dental trauma in childhood into the educational process of students of all courses of the Faculty of Dentistry, and for students to conduct health education work among the population.

The purpose this study was to study stress resistance in elderly and senile patients with missing teeth against the background of oral xerostomia.

Material and methods. 80 patients aged 60 to 90 years with missing teeth due to xerostomia were examined and orthopedic treatment with removable plate dentures was carried out. Of these, 32 (40%) patients were male and 48 (60%) were female. Stress tolerance was assessed according to the test of S. Cohen and G. Willanson. Stress resistance was determined based on the data obtained from the test results.

Results. Analysis of the obtained data on stress resistance in the studied patients according to the test of S. Cohen and G. Willianson showed that 35% of the subjects showed satisfactory, 57.5% – poor and 7.5% – very poor resistance to stress. In all study groups, the results did not have significant differences. 28 patients (8 men, 20 women) showed satisfactory stress resistance, 46 (18 men and 28 women) patients had poor stress resistance, and 6 male patients had very poor stress resistance.

Conclusion. The analysis of the stress resistance data obtained in elderly patients with missing teeth indicates a depressive state of the subjects, especially in male patients, which may directly be the cause of dry mouth or a consequence of this problem.

Introduction. The number of surgical interventions in the oral cavity is steadily increasing, as dental diseases are among the most common health conditions today. Consequently, the choice of suturing techniques during surgical procedures is directly linked to the quality of dental care. One promising approach is laser tissue soldering, which enables rapid and airtight tissue bonding under sterile wound conditions, leading to faster healing and reduced scar formation.

Objective. To enhance the effectiveness of surgical treatment in dental patients by experimentally developing a laser tissue soldering technique for the oral mucosa using laser radiation and a biocompatible soldering material.

Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 16 chinchilla breed laboratory rabbits. Linear wounds were created on the oral mucosa using a scalpel and then sutured. The animals were divided into two study groups: 1) the wounds were sutured using Prolene 5.0 thread; 2) the wound edges were joined using the laser tissue soldering technique, employing a 970 nm wavelength laser device and a biocompatible solder composed of bovine serum albumin, indocyanine green, single-walled carbon nanotubes, type I collagen, and Prolene 5.0 thread. Postoperative assessments included pain intensity, swelling severity, and the degree of hyperemia coloration at the surgical site on days 1, 3, and 5, using a scoring system.

Results. In vivo experimental studies demonstrated that laser tissue soldering with laser radiation and biocompatible solder provided superior wound regeneration. Postoperatively, pain and swelling were minimal, hyperemia was not pronounced, and no cases of suture dehiscence or tissue necrosis were observed. The laser-formed suture site exhibited early epithelialization, and the resulting scar was extremely thin and nearly indistinguishable from the surrounding tissue.

Conclusion. The use of laser radiation in combination with biocompatible solder represents a promising technique for wound closure in the oral cavity, as it enables painless acceleration of postoperative regenerative processes with minimal risk of hypertrophic scar formation.

This article describes the results of an analysis of 2.268 clinical cases of installation in 561 patients based on a multicenter study. It has been shown that the development of peri-implantitis does not depend on the dental implant system, but depends on the material from which the implant is made.

The discovery of osseointegration by Professor Branemark in 1952 [1] revolutionized modern dental implantology. Osseointegration is a dynamic process influenced by numerous factors, with primary stability playing a crucial role. Primary stability refers to the immobility of an implant immediately after placement in the prepared bone bed. Insufficient macro- and microscopic factors can lead to complications and implant loss. This study compares different surgical protocols for implant bed preparation in dense (D2) and less dense (D3) bone using implants with low and aggressive macro-threads. The findings will inform clinical recommendations.

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of various implant bed preparation protocols using periotestmetry on experimental models, considering bone type and implant design, identifying key factors determining primary stability for improved clinical placement protocols.

Materials and methods. The study included 10 surgical protocols for dental implant placement. Implants were inserted into polyurethane blocks simulating bone types D2 and D3. Each group consisted of 25 blocks of the same type, with one implant per block. IRIS LIKO-M (low-aggressive thread) and IRIS Evolution (aggressive thread) implants (NPK Likostom LLC, Russia) were used. A Venton M3 physiodispenser (China) recorded insertion torque. Implant stability was measured using a Penguin PFA device (Sweden) in ISQ units. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech v. 4.7.0 (Stattech LLC, Russia), comparing groups using Student’s t-test (p<0.05).

Conclusions. Statistical analysis demonstrated that primary stability is directly influenced by favorable bone conditions (D2: thick cortical plate surrounding dense cancellous bone; D3: thin cortical plate surrounding less dense cancellous bone) and the use of expanders for D4 bone (thin cortical plate surrounding low-density cancellous bone).