A clinical study of the use of tolperisone (Kalmyrex) in combination with the topical form of meloxicam (Amelotex) in the treatment of dorsopathies was conducted. The feasibility of combining muscle relaxants with topical NSAIDs in the treatment of acute pain syndromes with static-dynamic and musculo-tonic changes in vertebral pathology was demonstrated.

The article contains a comprehensive analysis of the summary epidemiological data obtained during the observational study to assess the effect of therapy with Ipigrix® on the dynamics of motor and sensory functions, as well as the severity of pain in outpatient patients with various diseases of the peripheral nervous system: mononeuropathy, polyneuropathy and polyradiculopathy of various origins.

This review presents the latest advances in neurobiological research, the correction of post-stroke speech disorders and the application of the results in clinical practice. Presents data on the effectiveness of speech therapy and drug therapy in relation to the recovery of speech functions in aphasia.

Cognitive impairment (CN) is widespread in migraines, but very little has been studied. There is evidence that these violations are present in patients with episodic migraine (EM) during an attack and in the interictal period. The purpose of this work was to study the prevalence of objective CN in patients with EM and chronic migraine (CM) during the period of minimal or absent pain. Methods. The study involved 74 patients with CM and 42 patients with rare EM (no more than four days of headache per month) aged 18-59 years. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Evaluation of cognitive functions was performed using the Montreal MoCA cognitive function evaluation scale, the DSST digit test and the Ray test of the RAVLT hearing aural learning. Results. in the CM group, there was a decrease in the results of the DSST, MoCA tests and the RAVLT general memory index compared with patients with EM. in both groups, the value of the latter indicator did not reach the standard. in 38 % of patients with chronic respiratory infections, the result on the MoCA scale did not reach the lower limit of normal. The absence of interrelations between the results of tests for cognitive functions and the levels of anxiety and depression was revealed. Conclusion. in patients with EM and CM, objective CNs are observed. Preventive therapy of EM is needed to reduce the risk of chronicity and progression of CN.

Discogenic pain in the back presents certain difficulties both in clinical diagnosis and in understanding pathogenesis. In recent years, several significant mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this type of back pain have been disclosed. it has been shown that the key factors for its development are increased expression of the cytokine iL-1b and other inflammatory mediators, which destroy the intercellular matrix of the disc and inhibit the production of proteoglycans. Pathological angio- and neurogenesis, developing in the intervertebral disc, which normally is aneuricular and avascular, are the main pathophysiological mechanisms of discogenic pain. Based on a number of analyzed works, it can be concluded that preparations containing chondroprotectors (symptomatic slow-acting drugs in osteoarthritis, SYSADOA) are able to influence these key pathogenesis of discogenic back pain.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the most common cause of dementia. Currently, there are about 46.8 million people with asthma in the world. It is believed that the number of patients with BA doubles almost every 20 years, and the issue of timely treatment and prolongation of the active life of these patients is becoming ever more acute. Nowdays only five drugs have been approved for the treatment of asthma, they include cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists (memantine). Unfortunately, their use provides tempora/y and incomplete symptomatic effect, can be accompanied by side effects and does not shw down the progression of asthma, therefore the development of drugs for more effective treatment of asthma is extremely important. Laboratory and clinical studies suggest that in the near future, AD-therapy will become more focused on disease modification and it is likely that AD will be successfully treated even before significant cognitive impairment develops, at the presymptom-atic or preclinical stages. The main therapeutic goal of these studies is the treatment of the pathological process (reduction of β-amyloidosis or reduction of the formation of neurofibrillaiy tangles) to prevent subsequent neurodegeneration and possible cognitive decline. Currently, despite all sorts of problems, immunotherapy with the introduction of monoclonal antibodies to β-amyloid is considered one of the most promising approaches to reducing the degree of neurodegeneration.

The epidemiology of premenstrual dysphoric disorders (PMDD) and the risk factors for PMDD in women of the Russian Federation are still not fully resolved. Objective: to assess the prevalence of PMDD among women in the Russian Federation and to identify risk factors for PMDD. Materials and methods. An anonymous questioning using the questionnaire was carried out by 1326 women of the reproductive period of different regions of the Russian Federation: Moscow (880), Ural (150), Rostov (146) and Novosibirsk (150) regions. Inclusion criteria were: age of 15-45 years, regular menstrual cycle of 25-35 days, lack of psychiatric diagnoses in history. The results. It was found that 15.6 % of Russian women meet the criteria for PMDD. The primary age of the first appearance of PMDD symptoms is 15-19 years. The statistically significant risks of developing PMDD are ages 15-24 years, education at a higher education institution, lack of regular sexual life, history of neurocirculatory dystonia, complication of heredity in neuropsychiatric diseases and premenstrual syndrome, painful periods and complications in childbirth or abortion. Conclusions: the high prevalence of PMDD (15.6 %) in young women of the reproductive period, the presence of psychosocial and biological risk factors for PMDD requires the development of a modified tool for the early diagnosis of PMDD for general practitioners, obstetrician gynecologists, and psychiatrists.

Objective. To find relationships between serum levels of BDNF and clinical characteristics of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke. Material and methods. We measured serum levels of BDNF in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke (n = 39), in elderly patients with chronic brain ischemia (CBI) (n = 28) and in gender and age matched healthy controls (n = 26). Patient’s status was assessed using the NIHSS, the Rivermead mobility index, the modified Renkin scale, the Barthel ADL index. Results. The serum levels of BDNF were significantly lower in acute ischemic stroke patients (6,585.39 x 10 ng/ml) as compared to patients with CBI (8,449.84 x 10 ng/ml) and healthy controls (16,565.65 x 10 ng/ml) (р < 0.01). The serum levels of BDNF in acute ischemic stroke patients were strongly correlated with degree of neurological deficit, levels of daily activity and functional independence (p < 0.01). The received data may be important for individualization of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke.