Ophthalmology is one of the areas where the 5P medicine approaches are successfully applied. The paper describes several aspects of endocrine ophthalmopathy. Endocrine ophthalmopathy is one of the best models to illustrate the role of predictive and preventive measures, aimed at carrying out preventive and personalized treatment. Biomarkers of endocrine ophthalmopathy in various forms of pathological process are discussed.

In the article authors describe some elements of system for subcontracting laboratories estimation and evaluation in accordance with ISO 15189:2012 requirements. The examples of questionnaires and check lists described could be integrated in quality management systems of medical organizations and medical laboratories.

The article considers methodical approaches to the organization and implementation of internal audits in medical organizations. The basic complexities, with which the employees of medical organizations are involved in the creation of services and subdivisions by internal audits, are described.

Paget s cancer or Paget s disease (PD) is a rare form of breast cancer (BC). The existing epidermotropic theory of the development of this form of cancer describes the appearance in the epidermis of the nipple migrating along the basal membranes of the cells of the protocol cancer. PD in most cases is combined with invasive or non-invasive breast cancer. However, in rare cases, when the disease of the breast proceeds with an isolated lesion of the nipple-areola zone, patients for a long time may not receive the correct diagnosis and timely treatment. In the described clinical case, the diagnosis was established on the basis of a cytological study, since all other methods were not informative.

The cytobiochemical assay is described in the paper which is elaborated by three of its authors. This method possesses high sensitivity in detection of the state of mitochondria in the organism by measurement of enzyme activity inside blood lymphocytes in smears. Lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and their ratio LDH/SDH were investigated. The authors proposed to use this ratio as a quantitative indicator of so called Warburg effect, typical of cancer cells. Whereas LDH/SDH is 5.5-8.8 in healthy children, aerobic glycolysis and the indicator rise up to 16.5-55.2 in young patients with leucosis. In children suffering myopathy aerobic glycolysis falls down and the ratio is lower than in norm: 4.5 and less than one. The authors suggested the decrease of aerobic glycolysis under myopathy to be a biomarker of restorative biosynthesis and cell growth weakening inherent in this disease.

A study of phagocytic activity and formation of products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in patients in the acute phase of stroke and in the development and progression of vascular encephalopathy. It was found that the level of phagocytic activity upon activation of neutrophils the PMA had significant differences in patients of stroke, DE and the group of healthy individuals. the intensity of chemiluminescence (CL) was higher in patients with fatal outcome.The low values of chemiluminescence of neutrophils activated by PMA, was observed in the groups of patients burdened by the presence of diabetes type II, and it was the most voragine in patients with chronic brain ischemia. The formation of peroxidation products was significantly higher in the group of patients with brain ischemia, burdened with diabetes mellitus, compared with patients having this pathology.

The ethanol intake reduces survival time in cases of fatal hypothermia. The liver glycogen content depending on the blood ethanol content of victims was explored on 540 cases of fatal hypothermia. The degree of ethanol intoxication does not affect on the liver glycogen content due to the death from fatal hypothermia. The rate of ethanoluria / ethanolemia significantly decreases with the increasing content of blood ethanol, indicating a more rapid death at high ethanol concentrations in the body.

A clinical case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with the divergence of data obtained using the hematology analyzer and microscopic examination of stained preparations of peripheral blood is presented. The history and clinical picture of disease, the results of additional laboratory tests were described. The reasons for the differences of hematology analyzer and light microscopy results are discussed.

A domestic set of Line-Blot TORCH-profile reagents was developed to determine the form of linear immunoblotting of antibodies to the main pathogens of the TORCH-group (the kit No. 1 - IgG and the kit No. 2 - IgM). A study with a new set of 141 control materials of industrial production showed 100 per cent sensitivity and specificity of the studies. The study of 115 clinical specimens obtained from individuals who underwent a diagnostic examination in ELISA and linear immunoblotting with the developed set and its analogue of foreign production made it possible to determine the indices of clinical informativeness of the studied methods and the corresponding reagent kits in accordance with GOST R 53022.3-2008. The obtained data allowed to substantiate recommendations on the use of the new Line-Blot TORCH-profile reagent as an alternative to the use of several ELISA kits in screening monospecific antibodies to each of the main pathogens of the TORCH-group, establishing the activity of the infection process and determining the expected timing of infection.

On the basis of native cars, innovative control and analytical laboratories have been created that allow performing on-line qualitative and quantitative analysis at the most modern level. This will allow the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, together with the laboratories of the Environmental Control, to prevent man-made accidents and improve the speed of response to citizens’ appeals, as well as to improve the quality and timeliness of control without increasing the number of staff.