The study presents experimental data on germicidal efficiency of air and open surfaces disinfection by pulsed UV light of continuous spectrum with respect to Staphylococcus aureus. Bactericidal doses for objects disinfection with 90.0-99.99% efficiency are determined. Weak influence of surface material (plastic, metal and tile) and organic load on disinfection efficiency is demonstrated.

The problem of purulent-inflammatory diseases and infections connected with rendering medical care, requires constant microbiological monitoring. Characterization of the microbial flora and the peculiarities of its circulation allows to establish the phenotypic spectrum of pathogens circulating in hospitals, to assess the risk factors of distribution of purulent-inflammatory diseases and to make adjustments in the system of measures to combat nosocomial infection and its prevention. We analyzed the results of bacteriological examination of patients for the last 6 years. The highest number of positive results was obtained from patients of the department of purulent surgery, the centre of diabetic foot, the centre of anesthesiology and intensive care, the smallest one from the department of urology. Among microbial cultures allocated from patients prevailed St. aureus, St. epidermidis, Streptococcus, E. coli and enterobacteria. Less frequently sown culture of Klebsiella, Ps. aeruginosa, Proteus and fungal flora. The analysis showed that the percentage of microorganisms varies from year to year. If 2011 and 2012 were dominated by the traditional representatives of the bacterial microflora (St. aureus - 75.6 %o, St. epidermidis - 70/2 %o), in the 2013-46.7-40.5 %o, in the 2016 their share was only 47.0 and 38.0 %o, respectively. In the last 4 years significantly increased the proportion of Streptococcus, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella, Ps. aeruginosa and fungal flora. Thus, the obtained data show that in the years 2013-2016 has been a substantial change in the ratio of microbial flora in clinical specimens.

A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of Mantoux test with 2 TE PPD-L (MT) and the skin test with tuberculosis recombinant allergen (TRA) in standard dilution based on their results in children with newly diagnosed active and inactive tuberculosis (TB) as well as in those from high-risk group of tuberculosis. «Inactive» was considered TB in children registered with dispensary follow-up group (DFG) IIIA. The materials for the study were data received upon the request of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) from TB institutions of 81 constituent units of Russian Federation. The study shows that the sensitivity of MT in patients with active TB and children from IIIA DFG is higher than that of skin test with TRA. It was found that in 18.7 % of patients with active TB TRA skin test results remained negative throughout the year, 26.7 % of patients became positive in 3 months, 2.7 % of patients became positive in a year after the initial examination. When implementing the skin test with TRA as a screening method, at least 5-8 % of patients will not be diagnosed with TB at early stages, which can lead to treatment delay and worsening of the TB epidemiological situation.

The article analyzes the literature data devoted to the modern aspects of leishmaniasis. The increase in the incidence of leishmaniasis in the world and in Russia can be related to the development of tourism, population migration, as well as to the lack of alertness of medical specialists, the difficulties of diagnosis. Clinical observations of visceral leishmaniasis in patients of the infectious department of the hospital named after S. P. Botkin are presented. In the first case, the disease proceeded with characteristic clinical symptoms: hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, fever. The diagnosis was made based on the detection of leishmanias in the bone marrow material. The treatment was successful. The second patient was HIV-infected, leishmaniasis in this case was combined with other opportunistic infections, with the subsequent development of multi-organ failure, which led to a fatal outcome. In the context of a pandemic of HIV-infection, leishmaniasis becomes even more urgent. The article details the information on modern methods of laboratory diagnosis.

Presented literature data and own observations on the nature of the intra-annual dynamics of epidemic process of acute enteric infection (AEI). It is shown that the majority of the AEI bacterial etiology, and enteroviral infection differ by a pronounced seasonal rise in the incidence in warm season. Rotavirus and norovirus infections are characterized by the seasonal intensification of epidemic process in a cold season. The causes of seasonality of epidemic process of separate AEI were studied.

A new domestic kit of "Line-Blot Syphilis ” reagents was developed to determine specific antibodies of classes G or M to T. pallidum in linear immune blotting format (IgG in the kit No. I and IgM in the kitNo. 2). The study of control materials of industrial production with a new set revealed 100 percent sensitivity and specificity of research results. A study of 341 clinical specimens obtained from patients with syphilis of patients who underwent examination and those without indication of the presence of syphilis, with the developed kit, made it possible to determine its clinical informativity (clinical sensitivity and specificity): with the kit No. 1 (IgG) 98.8 and 98.3 % and 86.7 and 100 % respectively with the the kit No. 2. The obtained results substantiated the recommendations to its application for the diagnosis of syphilis and the verification of the results of other treponemospecific tests (RIF, ELISA, and RPGA) that do not agree with each other.