Aim. Determination of the position of the central point and canines in patients with anomalies in the shape and size of dental arches. Materials and methods. The materials of the research were the results of measurements of diagnostic gypsum models of dental rows of 63 people of the first period of adulthood with a full set of permanent teeth, physiological occlusion and 59 people with shape anomalies, the size of dental arches of the same age period. The width of the crowns of the teeth was measured in the mesial-distal direction. The width of the dental arch was determined between the points located on the vestibular distal tubercles near the occlusal contour of the crowns. The frontal-distal and canine diagonal was measured from the central point located between the medial incisors near the cutting edge to the points located on the molars and canines, respectively. The depth of the dental arch was determined from the central intercellular point to the line joining the antimers, in particular canines and molars. Results. Taking into account morphological, clinical studies and mathematical modeling, an algorithm for examining patients with anomalies in the shape and size of dental arches has been developed, which makes it possible to reveal the position of the central (inter cut) point. The basis of the algorithm is the measurement of the width of the dental arch between the second molars and the value of the front-distal diagonal, defined as the ratio of the half sum of 14 teeth to the coefficient of 1.04. It is established that the location of the canines is determined from the size of the frontal canine diagonal calculated as the ratio of the diagonal of the dental arch to the ratio of the length of the dental arch to the sum of the width of the crowns of six anterior teeth and using a correction factor of 0.1. Conclusion. Improving the methods of diagnosis of dentoalveolar anomalies allows not only minimizing errors associated with instrumental measurement techniques, but, due to the predictability of orthodontic treatment, to achieve optimal functional and aesthetic results. The introduction of the algorithm will, with a high degree of certainty, establish the position of the central point and key teeth. The use of these guidelines in patients with anomalies in the shape, size of the dental arches, due to a reasoned choice of tactics and the volume of manipulations conducted, will reduce the time spent in the diagnostic phase.

A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of 63 patients with periapical cysts of the jaws with the filling of a bone defect with osteoplastic material Osteo Biol (the comparison group) and Bio Ost (the study group) was carried out. The results obtained in patients of the study group indicate a predominance of the rate of osteogenesis processes over the rate of resorption processes, which characterizes the osteo-substituting material Bio-Ost as meeting modern requirements for such materials.

Early diagnostics of the inflammatory changes in soft tissue of surrounding innerbone dental implants under disadvantage somatic background, promotes well-timed undertaking necessary hygienic and medical action of implantological nature, which the primary task is a warning the further spreading the inflammatory process in subjecting to bone fabrics, from condition which depends not only period of the operation implant’s themselves, but also installed on them prosthetic design.

The aim of the study was the increase of the effectiveness of treatment and preventive measures in adolescents with generalized parodontitis of mild severity, suffering from idiopathic scoliosis with varying degrees of spinal deformity. The scheme of dental assistance, due to peculiarities of the underlying disease is unified. As a pathogenetic component of the systemic treatment of parodontitis, the antihomotoxic preparation Osteobios has been proposed and tested. Using ultrasound osteodensitometry, we analyzed the indicators of the structural and functional properties of bone tissue before and after treatment of parodontitis. The correcting effect of the preparation Osteobios of metabolic disorders in bones tissues in the near term of observation was established.

The anti-inflammatory efficacy was found to be 60.93 %, the blood-stopping efficacy was 60.84 % in the group of periodontal disease patients, which was due to the use of Acept’s oral hygiene in preventing the onset and development of inflammation in the periodontal.

The number of men and women with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing every year, in addition this disease tends to rejuvenation. Due to the fact that the oral cavity is the initial part of the digestive system, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the corresponding changes in the oral cavity are closely interrelated. Objective: to determine the qualitative composition of the oral microflora in men and women with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Materials and methods. 20 patients (10 men and 10 women) aged 18 to 74 years with gastroesophageal reflux disease were examined. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used for the study, saliva pH and periodontal index PI were measured. Research result. A study of the microflora of the oral cavity showed a high prevalence of periodontopathogenic microorganisms Porpheromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermidia, 65% of patients (45% men and 20% women), Actinobaccilus actinomecetemcomitans in 45% of patients (15% of men and 30% women), Treponema denticola in 80% of patients with GERD. It was dominated by the acidic environment. The data obtained indicate the relationship between the qualitative composition of the oral microflora and the progression of periodontal disease in men and women with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Significant differences in the biocompatibility of fibroblasts cultured in the presence of samples of titanium alloys, the surface of which was processed in various ways, are shown.

Relevance. According to WHO, the absence of teeth occurs in various regions of the globe in 75 % of the population [1]. In the Russian Federation, tooth extraction in 35–44 years is 5.50 %, in patients older than 44 years is 17.29 % of the total number of people applying for dental treatment. Purpose. To analyze the theoretical basis for the positioning of dental implants. Materials and methods. The authors of the article carried out a retrospective analysis of the literature data on the theoretical basis for the positioning of dental implants. It was revealed that modern implantology successfully solves many problems of rehabilitation of patients with dentition defects. The conclusion. Improper positioning of dental implants entails a number of surgical and orthopedic problems, leading to disruption of the osteointegration of dental implants and, consequently, the inability of the dental implant to function.

Conduction of any surgical operation requires the knowledge of anatomy of this area, the installation of dental implants can cause some complications, including sensorineural disorders and bleeding. One of the causes for this is the lack of awareness of dentists regarding clinically significant structures. The aim of this work was to analyze the awareness of dentists regarding anatomical risk factors.

The effectiveness of complex orthopedic treatment of partial loss of teeth in inflammatory periodontal disease is a very serious problem. Of particular importance is the choice of materials for removable dentures, as it can contribute to the adsorption of periodontal pathogens. This paper studied the tolerance of dental alloys (cobalt alloy ‘Gialloy PA Co/Cr’, gold-based ‘CASDEN-B’ cobalt alloy ‘Gialloy PA Co/Cr’ with zircon gold plated ‘Kamadan’) to parodontoceras microflora (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonasa eroginosa, Candida albicans). It is established that all the studied samples of dental alloys are subject to colonization by periodontal microorganisms in the oral cavity, while the degree of colonization depends on the chemical composition of the alloys and the type of bacterial cultures. Cobalt-chromium alloy with gold-zirconium coating, which is recommended as a structural material in periodontal pathology, has the lowest tolerance indicators of dental structural alloys to periodontal microflora. Based on the analysis of clinical studies, we have established a high efficiency of the use of prostheses made of cobalt-chromium alloy with gold-zirconium coating in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity against the background of tooth loss in comparison with the traditional alloy.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is characterized by a recurrent course, torpidity to conventional therapy and painful ulcerations. Despite the continual improvement of the diagnostic methods and treatment of the disease, the incidence of RAS tends to increase. So, the search for new drugs and the treatment of this pathology is important and justified. The article presents the case of complex treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, using collagen biodegradable drugs in the local treatment regimen, which showed the good clinical result.

Relevance of the research topic. The oral cavity is one of the most diverse microbiomes in the human body, which is divided into several biotopes: oral mucosa, dental plaque, gingival fluid and gingival sulcus zone and others. The biotope of the gingival sulcus is unique in that quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbial communities of this microecological system can lead to the development of the main dental diseases —   gingivitis, periodontitis and caries. Purpose. To study the influence of emotional stress on the microbal landscape of the gingival furrow, which is in a state of eubiosis and dysbiosis. Materials and methods. The study involved 67 aged by 30–49 years. A microbiological study was made of the general microbial contamination of the gingival furrow and its colonization by individual microbal species using aerobic and anaerobic cultivation methods. Results. In the state of relative dormancy, 100 % of people without gum disease were found to have an eubiotic condition of the gingival microbal, at 100 % of persons with periodontis the microbal of the gingival groove was in a state of dysbiosis. Summary. The influence of the stressor on the disorder of the balance of the microbial homeostasis of the dental gingival slit causes an increase in the imbalance of microbial associations in the form of a decrease in the comensal microflora and an increase in the opportunistic pathogenicity. Highlights. 1. Emotional stress may cause the development of periodontal diseases in people who work in the field of law enforcement. 2. On a background of emotional stress the dysbalance of microbial associations increases.