Features of heart remodeling in idiopathic arterial hypotension in young women

Abstract

A comparative analysis of EchoCG parameters between women aged 18-25 years with idiopathic arterial hypotension - 120 women (SBP 61-98 mm Hg, DBP 59 mm Hg and below) and normal arterial pressure - 96 women (SBP 120-129 mm Hg, DBP 80-84 mm Hg). The results showed that hypotension reduced the sizes, volumes and indices of the left atrium and left ventricle. In women with hypotension, the final diastolic size of the right ventricle is reduced, the aortic valve opening is smaller and the aortic root index is larger. For hypotension is characterized by a decrease in the thickness of the wall of the right and left ventricles in systole and diastole. Left ventricular myocardial mass and left ventricular myocardial index are lower with hypotension than with normal arterial pressure. With hypotension, the fractions of the shortening of the subendocardial and middle layers of the myocardium, the rate of circulatory shortening of the left ventricular myocardial fibers, are increased. The maximum blood flow velocities and blood pressure gradients at the level of the aortic and pulmonary valves, the values of the stroke volume, the minute volume of blood and the cardiac index in the test group are less than the normal parameters of the echocardiography, and the time of expulsion of blood from the left ventricle is greater than at normal arterial pressure. The revealed echocardiographic changes in hypotension confirm cardiac hypotrophy and reduction of cardiac hemodynamics. Conclusions. For idiopathic arterial hypotension, young women are characterized by cardiac remodeling according to the type of hypotrophy (decrease in the mass of the left ventricle myocardium, left ventricular myocardial mass index, reduction in the size of the heart chambers and thickness of the muscular walls), reduction of the pumping function of the heart and speed parameters of intracardiac hemodynamics.