International guidelines on the prevention of migraine recommend the use of five main classes of medications: beta-blockers, antiepileptics, antidepressants (amitriptyline and venlafaxine), angiotensin receptor antagonists and botulinum toxin type A. Chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) guidelines are even more limiting and contain only amitriptyline, venlafaxine and mirtazapine. However, long-term intake of these medications is substantially limited by their tolerability issues. Moreover, most recommended medications cannot control the most frequently observed comorbidities, where depression plays the most important role in treatment selection, efficacy and long-term prognosis. This paper reviews the current migraine and CTTH prevention guidelines and complexities that physicians encounter with their use. The paper also includes a case series of treating chronic headache with a new multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine.

The article reveals the content of the rehabilitation model for children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy using the botulinum toxin therapy methods of the domestic drug Relatox, orthopedic treatment and stretching. The types of gait defects diagnostics, observed anomalies are given. calculation of drug doses for individual muscle segments, methods of muscle control using a special atlas. Illustrates the application of the methodology of an example of a 6 year old patient with cerebral palsy.

The article reflects the main features of non-motor manifestations in Parkinson's disease. Emotional-affective disorders (anxiety, depression), cognitive impairment are described. The possibilities of drug correction of non-motor disorders in Parkinson's disease are analyzed.

The expressed disturbances of a cerebral hemodynamics (mainly venous) at patients of teenage and young age lead to disturbances of the vegetative nervous system (before the panic attacks), and then to decrease of cognitive functions, and to development of asthenic states. We offered options of complex therapy within 2 months under control of the ultrasonic methods (ultrasonic transcranial dopplerography). Appointment of vasoactive drugs and also drugs with nootropic action is necessary.

31 children at the age of 4–7 years with two spastic forms of cerebral palsy (G80.1 and G80.2) with the degree of motor dysfunction of levels 1 and 2 according to GMFCS were examined using IR thermal imaging. For the first time, the temperature distribution on the limbs and its dynamics in response to the dosed motor load on the spastic muscle groups are described in detail. For the group of patients with hemiparesis characterized by asymmetry of temperature on the limbs associated with the side of the lesion, and for the group with diplegia — the inversion of the normal proximal-distal gradient, most pronounced in the segments of the shin / foot and shoulder / forearm and less in the forearm / wrist, and abnormally high temperature difference on the back between the thoracic and lumbar regions. Moderate physical activity leads to the enhancement of thermal anomalies due to the additional reduction of the temperature in the projection of the affected muscles and strengthen the pathological symptoms. Knowledge of the skin thermal reactions in the projection of these muscles in response to motor tests opens up a potential opportunity to use the method in assessing the results of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy.

Currently, studies aimed at assessing the emotional state and cognitive processes associated with the processing of emotionally determined information in patients with ischemic stroke, as well as finding the relationship between them are particularly relevant, mainly for the subsequent optimization of the therapeutic process. In order to identify the features of the emotional state and cognitive processes, a group of patients with ischemic stroke in the acute period in the amount of 25 people was examined. It was established that in patients with a lesion in the anterior cortex, depressive states in the acute period of stroke are more pronounced. Patients successfully reproduce emotionally significant words in comparison with neutral words; an interrelation between the level of anxiety and depression was found, which indicates that these states are comorbid. But, in turn, the relationship of the severity of anxiety and depression with the cognitive processes of recognition and reproduction, as well as differences in mnestic and gnostic activity in patients with different levels of anxiety and depression were not identified. After the treatment with Semax an improvement was noted.

Objective. To study dynamics of blood lipid-phospholipid profile indicators in elderly patients with stroke for criteria optimization of differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

Material and methods. Sixty patients, aged from 60 to 74 years with new-onset hemispheric stroke were examined. 34 patients of them were diagnosed with ischemic stroke (IS); 26 patients had intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Patient’s status was assessed using the NIHSS, the Rivermead mobility index, the modified Renkin scale, the Barthel ADL index. We measured blood levels of phosphotidylinosits in patients with acute IS and ICH. The percentage absorption of lipid-phospholipid complexes was also studied in the infrared spectrum of blood serum. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals.

Results. Dynamics of lipid-phospholipid complexes in blood serum is associated with the type of stroke. The blood levels of phosphotidylinosits in patients with acute IS and ICH were strongly correlated with degree of neurological deficit, levels of daily activity and functional independence (p < 0,05–0,01).

Conclusion. The received data may be important for individualization of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions in elderly patients with acute IS and ICH.

Ohtahara syndrome is the earliest of age-dependent epileptic encephalopathies, characterized by an early onset at the age of 3 months (most often the first 10 days of life), ‘suppression-burst’ pattern on EEG both in wakefulness and in sleep, resistance to standard AED therapy, a high probability of poor prognosis in the form of severe psychomotor retardation and death in infancy.