The determination of blood electrolytes is an important task not only at the stage of intensive care, but also in the outpatient routine practice of specialists, regardless of their specialty. This article discusses some aspects of reducing the level of potassium in blood plasma. Understanding the mechanisms and conditions that lead to deviations in the concentration of potassium in the blood is important for making decisions about timely correction. At the present stage of development of medical science, when the level of potassium in the blood serum is below 4 mmol/l., the risk of death and cardiovascular catastrophes may increase. In this regard, the values of potassium below 4 mmol/l are considered as the level from which it is rational to decide on the start of the use of potassium preparations. Also, this level is the target level for the correction of potassium in patients with initially low levels of potassium. Correction of the level of potassium above 4 mmol/l helps to further reduce the level of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure in hypertension. Reception of RAAS blockers, beta-blockers, potassium-saving diuretics, taking insulin, prednisolone, amphotopicin B can contribute to an increase in the level of potassium. However, in real clinical practice, the risks of developing hyperkalemia are 13.5 times lower than the risk of hypokalemia, since evolutionarily the human body is better adapted to combat hyperkalemia. The excretion of potassium by the kidneys does not change significantly until the rate of club-like filtration decreases below 15-20 ml/min. In patients with terminal CKD, adaptation to reduced potassium secretion by the kidneys occurs through increased potassium secretion in the colon. Discharging a patient from a hospital does not guarantee his normal levels of potassium. In this regard, it should also be subject to an assessment of the level of electrolytes. Intake of potassium should be long, at least 1-3 months with a reassessment after 6-12 months after normalization of the level of potassium.

A summary of the results of testing a comprehensive program for the restoration of cognitive functions in the elderly is presented. The definition of approaches to the development of programs for the rehabilitation of cognitive functions for the elderly in the inpatient unit sets the vector and essence of the new comprehensive rehabilitation strategy. Timely implementation of comprehensive rehabilitation measures (a combination of therapeutic and restorative effects) regarding the state of the level of cognitive functions in elderly people helps to improve their level of adaptation and quality of life, expand skills in applying the information and energy resources obtained to achieve social and spiritual self-realization.

Objective. The aim of the study was to study changes in serum parameters of oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and chaperone activity in patients with coronary artery disease, depending on the duration of the underlying disease. Materials and methods. The study included 161 patients who are divided into groups by the duration of the disease: 1st group - patients with experience of the disease 5 years or less; 2nd group - patients with experience of IHD from 5 to 10 years; 3rd group - patients suffering from IHD more than 10 years and up to 15 years; 4th group - with duration of IHD from 15 to 20 years; 5th group - the duration of IHD from 20 to 25 years; 6th group - with a duration of IHD more than 25 years. Research results. When comparing the studied parameters from the duration of the disease course, significant differences between all groups were also established in terms of superoxide dismutase activity, chaperone activity, oxidized modified neutral proteins. There were no significant differences in homocysteine levels. The results obtained indicate the severity of free radical oxidation processes, their strengthening due to the decrease in chaperone activity, as well as the depletion of antioxidant forces. Significant correlations were established both in the entire sample of patients and in each group separately between the duration of the disease and the parameters of chaperone activity, superoxide dismutase activity, and the indicators of oxidative modification of proteins.