The incidence of acute respiratory infections, including influenza, remains high all over the world. In Russia, the influenza epidemic season usually lasts from November to May, but cases of influenza and especially ARI may occur throughout the year. In recent years, the epidemics caused by respiratory viruses characterized by a severe course of the disease and high mortality from these infections. Currently in Russia among the acute respiratory viral infections most often rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus infections and parainfluenza are registered. The threat posed by the constant variability of influenza viruses, and the emergence of new ARVI pathogens. For the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza usually used drugs of various groups, among which interferons inducers have a significant advantage. To this group belongs the antiviral drug Kagocel. Its indications for use are the prevention and treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in adults and children from the age of 3.

Ventilator-associated respiratory tract infections are the most frequent infectious complications in the ICU, according to different researchers 9-65 %. To conduct effective epidemiological surveillance and prevent infections of the lower respiratory tract, in the first place, it is necessary to conduct reliable and full-fledged epidemiological diagnosis, including. complete registration and registration of this group of infections. To carry out a full-fledged epidemiological diagnosis of ventilator-associated respiratory infections, a set of measures is needed, including: conducting a prospective observation, effective microbiological monitoring of the pathogens of the IAP, correct calculation of the incidence using stratified indicators, organizational and methodological support, joint work of specialists from different directions (clinician, epidemiologist, microbiologist). Based on the developed set of measures, an attempt was made to optimize the epidemiological diagnosis of ventilator-associated respiratory infections, the results of which became a real reflection of the incidence of IA IDP, registered since 2007, as well as a decrease in the incidence by 4.5 times in 2016 and a mortality rate of 3.8 times.

This article provides recommendations for rational management of air-drop infections possessing exceptional activity and spreading problems, based on the practical work of the authors and their publications.

Monitoring of the epidemic situation with socially significant infectious diseases is still imperfect. Forms of federal state statistical surveillance need to be refined. Socially disadvantaged contingents come to places of deprivation of liberty, most of them in the first days of their stay in a remand centre, HIV and tuberculosis are registered, which indicates an inadequate examination of groups of high social risk in medical organizations of the system of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The negative impact of imprisonment is greater for women than for men, and they are more likely to develop tuberculosis and HIV-infection than at large. One of the reasons is the high HIV-infection of women before entering the SIZO. In Russia, there are no social reasons for the increase in the incidence of tuberculosis in the short term. But after the year 2020, the incidence of tuberculosis may begin to grow due to the development of the HIV epidemic. It is necessary to radically change the legislative and regulatory framework, the organization of medical care for the population, aimed at countering the further spread of HIV-infection.

The allowances to the current scheme of the epidemical process typification of zoonosis and sapronosis under the terms of contagion were made.The following major types and subtypes of epidemical process: residential (household, consumptive), institutional, recreational (natural, forest-park, suburban), nosocomial (non-professional, professional), agricultural (livestock, fur, etc.), industrial (meat-processing, fishing and hunting, etc.) were identified.. The modern features of epidemical process typificataion on the terms of ecological specificity of the pathogens’ source were noticed.

Among the many reasons which influencing the health of modern man, important place is occupied by helminthiases. Nowaday, around 21 million people in the world have been infected by different types of parasites. The Ob-lrfysh pool is an extremely tense center of opisthorchiasis invasion. The contamination of the local population in the lower reaches of the Irtysh and the middle reaches of the Ob River reaches 70-80 %. Outbreaks of opisthorchiasis are also located in the pool of the Dniester, Neman, Volga, Dnieper rivers, etc. In literature review presents the features of epidemiology, clinical and laboratory symptoms in opisthorchiasis; Data on the violations of lipid metabolism in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis are presented. Different types of lipid metabolism disorders are recognized as a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Nearly all risk factors for atherosclerosis realize their adverse effects through endothelial dysfunction. Consequently, the nature of lipid metabolism disorders in opisthorchiasis requires further study, because timely diagnosis and sanitation can play an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

The aim of this work was to obtain seroconversion panel of control sera to the CAG1 antigen of T. gondii and evaluation of clinical information value of laboratory methods and corresponding kits of reagents. Seronegative for T. gondii 3 cats were immunized with recombinant SAG1 antigen in combination with adjuvants. The venous blood samples obtained on days 6-26 were studied in enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and the reaction indirect immunofluorescence (RIF). Results RIF and ELISA with different sets of reagents were comparable, and more high analytical sensitivity of the RIF was shown. To create seroconversion panels of blood serum it is necessary to keep in mind the individual characteristics of the immunological reactivity of experimental animals, and also the features of used methods of immunization.