Psoriasis / psoriatic arthritis and metabolic syndrome in young adults: microRNA expression pattern

Background. Psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) share common immune-inflammatory mechanisms. MicroRNAs are considered potential molecular links integrating inflammatory and metabolic disturbances.

Objective. To evaluate the expression of hsa-miR‑210–3p, hsa-miR‑10b‑5p, hsa-miR‑130a‑3p, and hsa-miR‑126–5p in young patients with PsO and PsA, taking into account the presence of MetS.

Materials and methods. The study included 38 patients with PsO and 37 with PsA under 45 years of age. Plasma microRNA expression was assessed using RT-qPCR (2^-ΔΔCt method). PERMANOVA, SIMPER, ROC analysis, and correlation analysis were performed.

Results. The results of paired multivariate PERMANOVA analysis for the PsO and PsA groups demonstrated statistically significant differences in the overall expression pattern of the studied microRNAs (p=0.003). Statistically significant differences in expression between patients with PsO and PsA were found for two microRNAs: miR‑130a‑3p and miR‑10b‑5p: 57.3 % (p=<0.001) and 22.5 % (p=0.021). The presence of MS in patients with PsA was accompanied by an increase in the expression of miR‑10b‑5p (FC=0.68, p=0.03; log2(2^(–dct) PsA without MS –0.56 [–1.387; –0.198] compared to PsA with MS –1.465 [–1.842; –0.67], p=0.032). The expression level of miR‑130a‑3p positively correlated with glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR.

Conclusion. hsa-miR‑130a‑3p and hsa-miR‑10b‑5p may reflect the transition from cutaneous to articular forms of psoriatic disease and participate in the integration of metabolic and inflammatory pathways, representing potential biomarkers of PsO-to-PsA transformation.

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