Assessment of the factors of complications and deaths in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region

This scientific paper presents the results of a comprehensive clinical assessment covering both retrospective and prospective follow-up periods for patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region. The research base was formed on the basis of medical documentation of patients suffering from infectious and inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial region. The main focus of the study was on a detailed study of clinical and laboratory parameters that can serve as predictors of an unfavorable course of the disease. The purpose of the study. To evaluate laboratory and clinical factors for the prognosis of complications and deaths in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region. Materials and methods. A retrospective and prospective study was conducted, which analyzed the data of patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region who were treated at the clinical base of the Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow Department of Health of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry of the Institute of Dentistry from 2014 to 2024. years . The present study analyzed data from 81 patients aged 38 to 86 years, including 25 (30.9%) women and 56 (69.1%) men. Upon admission to the hospital, 50 (61.7%) patients were in satisfactory condition, 10 (12.3%) patients were in moderate condition, 17 (21%) were in severe condition, and 4 (4.9%) were in extremely severe condition. Results and discussion. An analysis of significant laboratory indicators of the prognosis of complications in patients with HCV CHLO allowed us to establish that such factors include: an increase in the level of direct bilirubin (rating scale = 5.86; reliable range 1.77-8.12; p<0.001), an increase in AST activity (rating scale = 5.45; reliable range 1.60–7.43; p<0.001), decrease in serum iron concentration (rating scale = 4.38; reliable range 1.43–6.29; p = 0.016), decrease in prothrombin index (rating scale = 4.23; reliable range 1.21–5.96; p = 0.009), an increase in the level of ESR (estimated scale = 3.68; reliable range 1.38–5.22; p = 0.021). Conclusion. The authors conducted a study of research methods and statistical processing of laboratory parameters demonstrating predictive value in relation to the possible development of a complicated course of the pathological process and the risk of death. All patients underwent inpatient treatment at the multidisciplinary City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov, operating in the structure of the Moscow Department of Health on the basis of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry. The use of modern methods of statistical data processing, in particular multifactorial regression modeling, has made it possible to identify key predictors of complicated outcomes. Using this analytical approach, it was possible to identify the most convincing risk factors associated with the development of complications in the study cohort of patients. The results obtained can be of significant practical importance for timely identification of high-risk patients and optimization of management tactics for this category of patients.

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