Prospects for the use of polylactide-based scaffolds in dentistry: a literature review
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2026-1-7-11
Abstract
Relevance. Polylactic acid (PLA) is widely used in medicine and tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and manufacturability. However, pure PLA is characterized by brittleness, hydrophobicity, and limited osteoinductivity, requiring its modification with bioactive components. Objective of the review: to analyze current data on PLA-based composites for bone tissue regeneration and identify the most promising areas for their improvement. Materials and methods. An analysis of experimental studies on PLA composites with hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate, 45S5 bioglass, mineralized collagen, graphene oxide, and cellulose nanofibers was conducted. Porosity, compressive strength, elastic modulus, bioactivity and osteoinductive potential were assessed, as well as the impact of 3D printing and nanomodification technologies. Results. The introduction of mineral and nanostructured fillers increases the mechanical strength and osteoconductivity of PLA scaffolds. PLA/45S5 bioglass composites demonstrate the most balanced combination of strength, macroporosity ≥70%, and bioactivity. Conclusion. The most promising direction is the development of PLA composites with bioactive 45S5 glass, which provide an optimal balance of mechanical and biological properties for bone regeneration.
About the Authors
A. A. Dolgalev
FGBOU VO «Stavropol State Medical University», of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dolgalev Alexander Alexandrovich – MD, Professor, Professor of the Department of General Practice Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry
AuthorID: 831419
Stavropol
A. A. Taran
FGBOU VO «Stavropol State Medical University», of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Taran Artyom Alekseevich – a 4th year student of the Faculty of Medicine
AuthorID: 1303770
Stavropol
A. K. Zelensky
FGBOU VO «Stavropol State Medical University», of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Zelensky Andrey Konstantinovich1 – a 5th year student of the Faculty of Dentistry
AuthorID: 1259861
Stavropol
N. R. Radzhabov
«Dental Clinic 412 military hospital»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Radzhabov Nariman Radzhabovich – dentist-ortopedist, dentist-surgeon, head of dental department
Vladikavkaz
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Review
For citations:
Dolgalev A.A., Taran A.A., Zelensky A.K., Radzhabov N.R. Prospects for the use of polylactide-based scaffolds in dentistry: a literature review. Medical alphabet. 2026;(1):7-11. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2026-1-7-11
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