Respiratory muscle testing, modern possibilities. Сlinical cases
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2025-31-32-36
Abstract
The respiratory muscles are a vital component of the respiratory system. The most available diagnostic tools in clinical practice for the functional examination of the respiratory muscles are measurement of pulmonary volumes, assessment of the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures, phrenic nerve conduction studies, as well as radiographic and ultrasound methods. The ability to carry out gas exchange mainly depends on a «breathing pump» that moves air into and out of the lungs. The respiratory muscles, an integral and vital component of the respiratory process, serve as an important link between the various components of the «respiratory pump», which consists of the respiratory center, peripheral nerves, chest wall and lungs. To ensure effective breathing, all these links must be well coordinated. The most common methods for assessing the function of the respiratory muscles in various diseases and injuries are discussed in the article. The authors consider a number of widely used functional tests that can be applied in clinical practice or scientific research, pay special attention to the assessment of the respiratory muscles strength, as well as phrenic nerve conduction studies, provide clinical cases.
About the Authors
O. I. Savushkina
Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko; Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga I. Savushkina – PhD, Head of the Department of External Respiratory Function Research, Center for Functional Diagnostic Research, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Pulmonology, Federal Pulmonology Researcher
Moscow
E. V. Kuzmina
Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterina R. Kuzmina – PhD, Doctor of External Respiratory Function Research, Center for Functional Diagnostic Research
Moscow
L. U. Komolova
Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Liudmila U. Komolova – Head of the Office of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of the Neurosurgical Center
Moscow
O. V. Fesenko
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oxana V. Fesenko – MD, Chair professor of the Pulmonology Department; Pulmonologist-consultan
Moscow
M. M. Malashenko
Main Military Clinical Hospital named after academician N.N. Burdenko
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maria M. Malashenko – PhD, Head of the Physiotherapy Department
Moscow
E. V. Kryukov
Kirov Military Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeniy V. Kryukov – MD, Professor, Аcademician of the RAS, Chief
Saint Petersburg
References
1. Geltser BI, Dej AA, Titorenko IN, Kotelnikov VN. Comparative analysis of the strength of the respiratory muscles incommunity-acquired pneumonia with different severity of endogenous intoxication. Therapeutic Archive. 2020;92(3): 19–24. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.03.000372.
2. Kozhanov AG, Kopaev VA, Geltzer BI. Assessment of the strength of the respiratory muscles in the early stages after thoracic interventions. Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2020;(75):32–39. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2020-75-32-39.
3. Kurpatov IG, Geltser BI, Kinyaikin MF. Assessment of the respiratory muscles strength at patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease with various forms of comorbidity. Therapeutic Archive. 2020;92(3):8–12. https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.03.
4. Kiryukhina L, Sysoeva V, Kokorina E, Gavrilov P, Savin I,. Denisova N, Yablonskiy P. Assessment of respiratory muscle strength and inspiratory drive in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Medicinskij al’jans. 2023;11(1):35–43. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36422/23076348-2023-11-1-35-43.
5. Segizbaevaa MO, Aleksandrovaa NP. Assessment of the Functional Status of Respiratory Muscles: Methodical Aspects and Interpretation of Data. Fiziologiya cheloveka. 2019;45(2):115–27. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.1134/S0131164619010120.
6. Shostak NA, Klimenko AA, Demidova NA, Kondrashov AA, Andryashkina DYu, Saakyan YuM, Varaksin GA, Tarantina AYu. Musculoskeletal manifectations of the new coronavirus infection: focus on arthralgia and myalgia. The Clinician. 2021; 15(1–4):31–41. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17650/1818-8338-2021-15-1-4-K650.
7. Malyavin AG, Gorelov AV, Vasenina EE, Ekusheva EV, Kobzeva ND, Kovalchuk VV, Esaulenko EV. Postinfectious asthenia: modern approaches to therapy. The Russian Scientific Medical Society of Therapists and the National Association of Infectious Diseases Specialists named after academician of the RAS Pokrovsky VI. Expert Council Resolution. Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2023;26(9): 88–97. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed20232609188.
8. Skenlon P.D. Khayatt R.E. Interpretatsiya rezul’tatov legochnykh funktsional’nykh testov / per. s angl. pod red. O.I. Savushkinoy, A.V. Chernyaka. – Moskva: GEOTAR-Media, 2023. – 312 s. – ISBN: 978-5-9704-7249-1. (In Russ.)
9. ERS Laveneziana P, Albuquerque A, Aliverti A, Babb T, Barreiro E, Dres M, Dubé BP, Fauroux B, Gea J, Guenette JA, Hudson AL, Kabitz HJ, Laghi F, Langer D, Luo YM, Neder JA, O’Donnell D, Polkey MI, Rabinovich RA, Rossi A, Series F, Similowski T, Spengler CM, Vogiatzis I, Verges S. statement on respiratory muscle testing at rest and during exercise. Eur Respir J. 2019;53(6):1801214. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01214-2018.
10. Kameneva MYu, Chernyak AV, Ajsanov ZR, Avdeev SN, Babak SL, Belevskij AS, Beresten’ NF, Kalmanova EN, Malyavin AG, Perel’man Yu M, Prihod’ko AG, Struchkov SYu, Chikina SYu, Chushkin MI. Spirometry: Methodological guide. Pulmonology. 2023;22(3):307–340. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18093/08690189-2023-33-3-307-340.
11. Karvonen J, Saarelainen S, Nieminen MM. Measurement of respiratory muscle forces based on maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. Respiration. 1994; 61(1):28–31. https://doi.org/10.1159/000196299.
12. Vincken WG, Elleker MG, Cosio MG. Flow-volume loop changes reflecting respiratory muscle weakness in chronic neuromuscular disorders. Am J Med. 1987; 83(4):673–680.
13. Evans JA, Whitelaw WA. The assessment of maximal respiratory mouth pressures in adults. Respir Care. 2009;54(10):1348–1359.
14. Maranhão AA, da Silva Carvalho SR, Caetano MR, Alamy AH, Peixoto EM, Peçanha Filgueiras DE. Phrenic nerve conduction studies: normative data and technical aspects. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2017;75(12):869–874. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20170153.
15. Skalsky AJ, Lesser DJ, McDonald CM. Evaluation of Phrenic Nerve and Diaphragm Function with Peripheral Nerve Stimulation and M-Mode Ultrasonography in Potential Pediatric Phrenic Nerve or Diaphragm Pacing Candidates. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2015;26 (2):133–143. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2014.09.010.
Review
For citations:
Savushkina O.I., Kuzmina E.V., Komolova L.U., Fesenko O.V., Malashenko M.M., Kryukov E.V. Respiratory muscle testing, modern possibilities. Сlinical cases. Medical alphabet. 2025;(31):32-36. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2025-31-32-36
Views:
332
JATS XML
Email this article 