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Саркопения при нейродегенеративных заболеваниях
Аннотация
Саркопения – это прогрессирующее генерализованное заболевание мышечной ткани, ассоциированное с повышенным риском падений, переломов, ограничением физических возможностей и смертностью. Критерии саркопении основаны на оценке триады симптомов – снижении мышечной массы, силы мышц и нарушении физического состояния. Наиболее распространенными методами диагностики заболевания являются динамометрия сжатия кисти, денситометрия, биоимпедансометрия, измерение скорости ходьбы. Данные методики имеют высокую точность и прогностическую ценность, однако не всегда применимы к пациентам с неврологическими нарушениями. В статье обсуждаются особенности выявления саркопении в неврологической практике, а также ее связь с нейродегенеративными заболеваниями – болезнью Альцгеймера, болезнью Паркинсона, боковым амиотрофическим склерозом. Имея ряд общих патофизиологических механизмов, каждое из заболеваний характеризуется специфическим фенотипом мышечной атрофии. Высокая встречаемость симптомов саркопении при нейродегенеративных заболеваниях и общность механизмов их развития позволяет говорить о саркопении как о перекрестном или оверлап-синдроме нейродегенеративных заболеваний.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
М. А. Коротыш
ООО «Медико-генетический центр „Геном“»
Россия
Россия
Коротыш Мария Анатольевна, врач-невролог, нейропсихолог
Нижний Новгород
С. Н. Светозарский
ФБУЗ «Приволжский окружной медицинский центр» ФМБА России
Россия
Россия
Светозарский Сергей Николаевич, к. м. н., врач-офтальмолог офтальмологического отделения
Нижний Новгород
С. В. Копишинская
ФГБОУ ВО «Кировский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России
Россия
Россия
Копишинская Светлана Васильевна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры неврологии,
нейрохирургии и нейрореабилитации
Киров
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Коротыш М.А., Светозарский С.Н., Копишинская С.В. Саркопения при нейродегенеративных заболеваниях. Медицинский алфавит. 2021;(36):52-57. https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-36-52-57
For citation:
Korotysh M.A., Svetozarskiy S.N., Kopishinskaia S.V. Sarcopenia in neurodegenerative disorders. Medical alphabet. 2021;(36):52-57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-36-52-57
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