Features of hematopoiesis in newborns with signs of morphofunctional immaturity

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to identify the characteristics of hematopoiesis in newborns of 1–7th days of life with signs of morphofunctional immaturity. Three groups of newborns were formed: 1) healthy full-term babies (control); 2) full-term, but low-weight for gestational age children; 3) premature babies (gestational age 34–36 weeks) with signs of malnutrition. On the Sysmex XN analyzer, traditional hemogram indicators were analyzed, including reticulocyte parameters, as well as a calculated index —  an indicator of erythropoiesis (EE) effectiveness. A total of 714 blood samples were examined. The following statistical characteristics of the indicators were analyzed: mean value (M), mean standard square deviation (Sd), error of the mean value (St er). The statistical significance of intergroup differences was established on the basis of the Money-Whitney test (p ≤ 0.05). Comparative intergroup analysis showed no statistically significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) between the baseline red blood values (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit, etc.) in the control newborns and children with signs of morphofunctional immaturity. According to the data obtained in newborns in the full-term, but low-weight for gestational age (group 2), there was a tendency to a decrease in the content of reticulocytes and their immature fractions, an indicator of the erythropoiesis efficiency, an index of reticulocyte production. Premature infants with signs of malnutrition (group 3) differed from the control group in a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the content of reticulocytes (by 2–3 days), an index of their production (by 2 days), and also an indicator of erythropoiesis (on 2–3 days). At the same time, a statistically significant decrease in the content of leukocytes (1st and 4th days), neutrophils (4th day) and lymphocytes (3rd day) was registered in premature babies.