Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) – like syndromes associated with HIV
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2026-17-25-28
Abstract
HIV-associated ALS-like syndrome represents a rare clinical phenotype of motor neuron disease that differs from classical amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in terms of disease onset and clinical course. Modern diagnostic approaches enable timely diagnosis, while antiretroviral therapy may modify disease progression and contribute to clinical stabilization.
About the Authors
A. V. NikitinaRussian Federation
Nikitina Anna V. PhD Med Sci, neurologist at Dept of Neurology
V. A. Mikhailova
Russian Federation
Mikhailova Valentina A., neurologist at Dept of Neurology
O. V. Gilvanova
Russian Federation
Gilvanova Olga V., head of the Neuromuscular Pathology Center, specialist in functional diagnostics
V. V. Lebedev
Russian Federation
Lebedev Vitaly V., neurologist, specialist in functional diagnostics at Neuromuscular Pathology Center
K. A. Gorbenko
Russian Federation
Gorbenko K. A., resident at Dept of Neurology
V. D. Kotenev
Russian Federation
Kotenev V. D., resident at Dept of Neurology
G. M. Dyukova
Russian Federation
Dyukova Galina M., Dr Med Sci (habil.), leading researcher at Neurological Dept
D. A. Degterev
Russian Federation
Degterev Daniil A., PhD Med Sci, head of Dept of Neurology
References
1. Testa D., Lovati R., Ferrarini M., Salmoiraghi F., Filippini G. Survival of 793 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnosed over a 28-year period. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord. 2004; 5: 208–212.
2. Alfahad T., Nath A. Retroviruses and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Antiviral Research. 2013; 99 (2): 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.05.006
3. Shefner J. M., Al-Chalabi A., Baker M. R., Cui L.-Y., de Carvalho M. A proposal for new diagnostic criteria for ALS. Clinical Neurophysiology. 2020; 131 (8): 1975–1978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2020.04.005
4. Hoffman P. M., Festoff B. W., Giron L. T. Jr. et al. Isolation of LAV/HTLV–III from a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. New England Journal of Medicine. 1985; 313: 324–325.
5. Fernandes J. P. M., Garcia L. P., Gouhie F. A., Pereira R. C., Santos D. F. D. Association between motor neuron disease and HIV infection: A systematic review of case reports. International Journal of STD & AIDS. 2025; 36 (1): 24–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/09564624241288283
6. Sabbadini P. V., Orsini M. A., Figueira J. C.A. et al. Chronic HIV infection associated with motor neuron disease and parkinsonism: A case report and narrative review. Cureus. 2025; 17 (8): e89530. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.89530
7. Bowen L. N., Tyagi R., Li W. et al. HIV-associated motor neuron disease: HERV-K activation and response to antiretroviral therapy. Neurology. 2016; 87 (17): 1756–1762. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003255
8. Lorenzoni P. J., Ducci R. D. P., Dalledone G. O. et al. Motor neuron disease in patients with HIV infection: Report of two cases and brief review of the literature. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery. 2018; 171: 139–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.06.006
9. Verma A., Mishra S. K. Spectrum of motor neuron diseases with HIV-1 infection. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2006; 9: 103–109.
10. Bogoch I. I., Wilson M. R., Chad D. A., Venna N. Acute lower motor neuron syndrome and spinal cord gray matter hyperintensities in HIV infection. Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. 2015; 2 (3): e113. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000113
11. Sinha S., Mathews T., Arunodaya G. R. et al. HIV-1 clade-C-associated ALS-like disorder: First report from India. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 2004; 224 (1–2): 97–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2004.06.006
12. Feldman E. L., Goutman S. A., Petri S. et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The Lancet. 2022; 400 (10360): 1363–1380. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01272-7
Review
For citations:
Nikitina A.V., Mikhailova V.A., Gilvanova O.V., Lebedev V.V., Gorbenko K.A., Kotenev V.D., Dyukova G.M., Degterev D.A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) – like syndromes associated with HIV. Medical alphabet. 2026;(17):25-28. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2026-17-25-28
JATS XML
























