Регионарные методы аналгезии в комплексе анестезиологического обеспечения лапароскопических вмешательств в экстренной хирургии (современное состояние вопроса)

Послеоперационный болевой синдром, с которым сталкивается до 75% оперированных пациентов, является весомым фактором длительной реконвалесценции пациента и развития осложнений. Для решения данной проблемы современная хирургическая помощь придерживается концепции ускоренного восстановления пациентов, в свою очередь анестезиологическое обеспечение ориентируется на применение мультимодального подхода к аналгезии. В формировании данного подхода, отвечающего критериям эффективности и безопасности, анестезиология прошла эволюционный путь, сопряженный с появлением лекарственных препаратов (как общих, так и местных анестетиков), новых методов анестезии, совершенствованием оборудования для мониторинга засостоянием пациента иактивным внедрением ультразвуковых технологий в практику врача – анестезиолога – реаниматолога. Лапароскопические технологии являются распространенными при оперативных вмешательствах и,благодаря высокой информативности, малой травматичности и возможности быстрого восстановления пациентов, в настоящее время применяются практически во всех областях хирургии, в том числе и для экстренных нозологий. В условиях лимитированого временного ресурса и, в ряде случаев, отсутствия персонифицированного обследования при ургентных вмешательствах, а также при ограничении хирургической тактики до диагностического лапароскопического вмешательства, целесообразно подробнее изучить виды анестезиологических пособий с точки зрения возможности и безопасности их применения. В частности, одним из современных методов являются межфасциальные блокады в составе мультимодального подхода к анестезиологическому обеспечению ургентных лапароскопических вмешательств

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