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Glycemia under control: the role of micro- and phytonutrients
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2025-19-105-114
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global epidemic driven by unbalanced nutrition and physical inactivity. Body weight reduction by 5% and more improves insulin sensitivity, normalizes glycemia and reduces complication risks. However, patients with T2DM frequently demonstrate deficiencies in key vitamins (C, B-complex) and minerals (magnesium, zinc, chromium), which may exacerbate metabolic disorders and increase risk of complications. Addressing these micronutrient deficiencies through dietary fiber (inulin) and phytochemicals (Gymnema sylvestre) supplementation helps improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Optimal nutritional therapy should combine balanced diet, physical activity and personalized micronutrient support including multivitamin-multimineral complexes and phytonutrients.
Keywords
type 2 diabetes mellitus,
obesity,
insulin resistance,
micronutrients,
vitamins,
minerals,
dietary fiber,
inulin,
Gymnema sylvestre,
nutritional support
Supporting agencies: The publication was supported by the RUDN Strategic Academic Leadership Program.
About the Authors
E. A. Nikitina
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba ; Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nikitina Elena A., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, research fellow, expert of Methodological Accreditation and Simulation Center
Moscow
S. V. Orlova
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba ; Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Orlova Svetlana V., DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutritiology, Chief Researcher
Moscow
T. T. Batysheva
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba ; Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Batysheva Tatyana T., DM Sci (habil.), professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, head of Dept of Neurology, Physical, Rehabilitation Medicine and Childhood Psychology, director, chief freelance pediatric neurologist of the Moscow Health Department, chief freelance pediatric specialist in medical rehabilitation of the Russian Ministry of Health
Moscow
N. V. Balashova
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba ; MONIKI M.F. Vladimirskii Moscow Regional Scientific Research Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Balashova Natalya V., PhD Bio, assistant professor at Dept of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Faculty of Advanced Training of Doctors, assistant professor at Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutritiology
Author ID: 832745
Moscow
M. V. Alekseeva
Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Department of Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alekseeva Marina.V., Ph.D., Deputy Director for Organizational and Methodological Work
Moscow
Yu. A. Pigareva
City Clinical Hospital named after V.V. Vinogradov, Moscow City Health Department
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Pigareva Yulia A., PhD Med, head of Dept of Clinical Dietetics
Moscow
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