О микронутриентных дефицитах во время беременности и лактации и способах их коррекции

Адекватное питание женщины во время беременности и грудного вскармливания играет ключевую роль в здоровом течении беременности, росте и развитии плода и ребенка. В этот период существенно повышается потребность не только в макронутриентах, но и витаминах и минералах, необходимых для множества метаболических процессов, формирования тканей плода, созревания плаценты и перестройки организма матери. Однако рацион многих женщин далек от оптимального: даже при полноценном питании часто наблюдается недостаточное потребление ряда микронутриентов. Девушки и женщины детородного возраста в целом относятся к группе высокого риска развития дефицита микронутриентов, что делает данную проблему чрезвычайно актуальной. У беременных отмечается полигиповитаминоз – одновременный дефицит нескольких витаминов. Ниже рассмотрены наиболее распространенные дефициты витаминов и минералов у беременных и кормящих женщин в России и мире, а также их влияние на плод и ребенка. Обосновывается необходимость комплексной нутритивной поддержки женщин на этапах планирования беременности, гестации и лактации с использованием сбалансированных витаминно-минеральных комплексов для профилактики осложнений беременности и обеспечения оптимального развития потомства.

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