Постинфекционный синдром раздраженного кишечника: акцент на нарушения метаболизма серотонина и модуляцию кишечной микробиоты

Постинфекционный синдром раздраженного кишечника (ПИ-СРК) является первым описанным в литературе и наиболее изученным к настоящему времени фенотипом заболевания, распространенность которого в популяции продолжает неуклонно расти, особенно в период после пандемии COVID-19. С учетом накопленных научных и клинических данных, в качестве ключевого патогенетического фактора, лежащего в основе развития и персистенции симптомов ПИ-СРК, рассматривается дисфункция функциональной оси «микробиота-кишечник-мозг», ассоциированная с формированием висцеральной гиперчувствительности и моторных нарушений кишечника вследствие аномального метаболизма серотонина, повышенной кишечной проницаемости и воспаления низкой степени активности. В данной обзорной статье проанализированы и обобщены сведения о механизмах ПИ-СРК, связанных с изменениями нейрогуморальной регуляции, а также качественного и количественного состава кишечной микробиоты. Кроме того, представлены данные о возможности применения пробиотической терапии в комплексной терапии пациентов с ПИ-СРК.

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