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Metformin and intestinal microbiota
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-26-19-23
Abstract
A number of human and animal studies have demonstrated that the hyperglycemia-lowering effects of metformin may result from modulation of the gut microbiota population. Metformin changes the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhances the growth of some bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Escherichia spp. or Lactobacillus and reduce the levels of others such as Intestinibacter. Moreover, in the intestine, metformin not only improves glucose absorption, but also promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), regulates the secretion of the glucose-lowering hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP‑1) and other intestinal peptides, inhibits the Farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) and resorption of the bile acid pool, and may reduce intestinal permeability barrier by increasing the expression of mucin and tight junction proteins, modulates the immune response, has an anti-inflammatory effect, etc. Thus, research results indicate that the intestinal microbiota is involved not only in the hypoglycemic effect of metformin in diabetes mellitus type 2, but also in the implementation of its numerous pleiotropic effects.
About the Authors
I. N. Grigor'eva
Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine – branch of the Federal Scientific Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics” of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Grigor'eva Irina N. - DM Sci (habil.), professor, chief researcher, head of the Group of Biochemical Research in Gastroenterology, professor of Education Dept
Scopus Author ID: 7004630757.
Web of Science Researcher ID JGE‑0324-2023
Novosibirsk
T. I. Romanova
Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine – branch of the Federal Scientific Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics” of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Romanova Tatyana I. - PhD Med, senior researcher at Gastroenterology Laboratory
Novosibirsk
T. S. Suvorova
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Suvorova Tatyana S. - PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Internal Medicine
Novosibirsk
D. L. Nepomnyashchikh
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nepomnyashchikh David L. - DM Sci (habil.), professor at Dept of Internal Medicine
Novosibirsk
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For citations:
Grigor'eva I.N., Romanova T.I., Suvorova T.S., Nepomnyashchikh D.L. Metformin and intestinal microbiota. Medical alphabet. 2024;(26):19-23. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-26-19-23
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