

Clinical case of a giant extragastrointestinal tumor of the retroperitoneum and review of the literature
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-17-38-42
Abstract
Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST) are rare lesions in the mesenchymal neoplasm, accounting for less than 1% of the primary neoplasias of the digestive tract. In only 10% of the cases EGIST may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract and can occur in other locations (omentum, mesentery, or retroperitoneum, GIST arising from the pancreas). The incidence is approximately 14.5 patients per 1 million persons [1–3]. To date, more than 190 cases have been published. We reported a rare case of huge mesenteric extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor presenting as a peritoneal mass in a 53-year-old patient
About the Authors
G. A. KhakimovUzbekistan
Khakimov Golib A. - DM Sci (habil.), professor, director; head of Dept of Pediatric Oncology
Tashkent
G. G. Khakimova
Uzbekistan
Khakimova Gulnoz G. - PhD Med, oncologist at Dept of Chemotherapy; assistant at Dept of Oncology
Tashkent
F. B. Djumanova
Uzbekistan
Djumanova Feruza Bakhodir kizi - graduate student at Dept of Pediatric Oncology
Tashkent
G. P. Orifjonova
Uzbekistan
Orifjonova Gulzodakhon Pulatjon kizi - medical oncologist
Tashkent
Sh. Sh. Kadyrov
Russian Federation
Kadyrov Sherzod Sh. - assistant at Dept of Pediatric Oncology; Head of the
thoraco-abdominal department
Tashkent
References
1. Yi J.H., Park B.-B., Kang J.H. et al., “Retrospective analysis of extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2005; 21 (6): 1845–1850.
2. Cho M-Y, Sohn JH, Kim JM, Kim K-M, Park YS, Kim WH. et al. Current trends in the epidemiological and pathological characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Korea, 2003–2004. J. Korean. Med. Sci. 2010; 25 (6): 853–62. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.6.853
3. Sasmal PK, Sharma R, Patra S, Mishra TS, Mishra P, Rout B. Malignant extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the mesentery. Surg. J. (N Y) 2019; 5 (3): e65–8. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039–1693040
4. Miettinen M, Lasota J Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America. 2013; 42: 399–415.
5. Monabati A, Safavi M, Solhjoo F. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumor presenting as omental cyst. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 2016; 20: 1275–7.
6. An unexpected extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor (E-GIST) on the jejunal mesentery. Narendra Pandit, Gajendra Prasad Das, Mona Dahal, Laligen Awale. 2018y. https://academic.oup.com/jscr/article/2018/12/rjy339/5255896
7. Dorfman D. M., Bui M. M., Tubbs R. R. et al. The CD 117 immunohistochemistry tissue microarray survey for quality assurance and interlaboratory comparison – a College of American Pathologists Cell Markers Committee Study. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine 2006; 130 (6): 779–782.
8. Miettinen M, Felisiak-Golabek A, Wang Z, Inaguma S, Lasota J. GIST manifesting as a retroperitoneal tumor: clinicopathologic immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 112 cases. Am.J. Surg. Pathol. 2017; 41 (5): 577–585. DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000807
9. Emory TS, Sobin LH, Lukes L, Lee DH, O’Leary TJ. Prognosis of gastrointestinal smooth-muscle (stromal) tumors: dependence on anatomic site. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 1999; 23 (1): 82–87. DOI: 10.1097/00000478–199901000–00009
10. Retroperitoneal Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Have a Poor Survival Outcome: A Multicenter Observational Study. Weixian Hu, Chengbin Zheng, Renjie Li, Xingyu Feng, Guoliang Zheng, Zhichao Zheng, Wenjun Xiong, Guosheng Lin, Yongjian Zhou, Wei Wang, Yan Zhao, Yong Li1. 2017y. https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S278612
11. Reith JD, Goldblum JR, Lyles RH, Weiss SW. Extragastrointestinal (soft tissue) stromal tumors: an analysis of 48 cases with emphasis on histologic predictors of outcome. Mod. Pathol. 2000; 13 (5): 577–85. DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3880099
12. Laroia ST, Yadav T, Rastogi A, Sarin S. Malignant retroperitoneal extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a unique entity. World J. Oncol. 2016; 7 (2–3): 45–50. DOI: 10.14740/wjon926w
13. Costa Almeida C, Caroço TV, Albano M, Carvalho L. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumour (EGIST) presented as a mesenteric and retroperitoneal mass. BMJ Case Rep. 2019;12 (12). DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019–232481
14. Kadel D, Bhuju S, Thapa B R, Chalise S, Kumar Sah S. Curative intent treatment of late presented extragastrointestinal stromal tumor: two identical case reports with literature review. J. Surg. Case. Rep. 2021; 2021 (06): rjab220. DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab220
15. Elagami MM, Khalid A, Kumar V, Singhal M, Grossman M A. Perirectal extragastrointestinal stromal tumor: an unusual presentation. Cureus. 2021; 13 (06): e15529. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15529
16. Uzunoglu H, Tosun Y. Primary extra gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the abdomen. North. Clin. Istanb. 2021; 8 (05): 464–471.
17. Nishida T, Hirota S, Taniguchi M. et al. Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumours with germline mutation of the KIT gene. Nat. Genet. 1998; 19: 323–4.
18. Mazur MT, Clark HB. Gastric stromal tumors. Reappraisal of histogenesis. Am.J. Surg. Pathol. 1983; 7: 507–19.
19. Agaimy A, Wunsch PH. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a regular origin in the muscularis propria, but an extremely diverse gross presentation. A review of 200 cases to critically re-evaluate the concept of so-called extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Langenbecks Arch. Surg. 2006; 391: 322–9.
20. Nayak SR, Nagakishore MG, Satyaprakash S, et al. Multiple and recurrent extra intestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (EGIST) in omentum and peritoneum – a case report. IOSR J. Dent. Med. Sci. 2013; 8: 67–9.
21. Col C, Yilmaz F. A case report of an extraintestinal GIST presenting as a giant abdominopelvic tumor. Gastrointest. Cancer Res. 2013; 6: 120–2.
22. Zhu J, Yang Z, Tang G, Wang Z. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Oncol. Lett. 2015; 9 (1): 201–8. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2705
23. Levy AD, Remotti HE, Thompson WM, Sobin LH, Miettinen M. From the archives of the AFIP. RadioGraphics 2003; 23 (2): 283–304. DOI: 10.1148/rg.232025146
24. Yu MH, Lee JM, Baek JH, Han JK, Choi B-I. MRI features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2014; 203 (5): 980–91. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.13.11667
25. Yi JH, Park BB, Kang JH. et al. Retrospective analysis of extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J. Gastroenterol. 2015; 21 (6): 1845–1850. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i6.1845
26. Feng H, Hu W, Zheng C. Clinical features of extragastrointestinal stromal tumor compared with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a retrospective, multicenter, real-world study. J. Oncol. 2021; 2021: 1.460131E6. DOI: 10.1155/2021/1460131
27. Alabed YZ. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the prostate: staging and evaluation of response to therapy with 18F-FDG PET/CT. Clin. Nucl. Med. 2018; 43 (1): 52–54. DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001906
28. Barros A, Linhares E, Valadao M. et al. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST): a series of case reports. Hepatogastroenterology. 2011; 58 (107–108): 865–868.
29. Foster R, Solano S, Mahoney J, Fuller A, Oliva E, Seiden MV. Reclassification of a tubal leiomyosarcoma as an eGIST by molecular evaluation of c-KIT. Gynecol. Oncol. 2006; 101 (2): 363–366. DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.12.022
30. Li H, Li J, Li X, Kang Y, Wei Q. An unexpected but interesting response to a novel therapy for malignant extragastrointestinal stromal tumor of the mesoileum: a case report and review of the literature. World J. Surg. Oncol. 2013; 11 (1): 174. DOI: 10.1186/1477–7819–11–174
31. Muto M, Fujiya M, Okada T, Inoue M, Yabuki H, Kohgo Y. An invasive extragastro-intestinal stromal tumor curably resected following imatinib treatment. J. Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2013; 22 (3): 329–332.
32. Kobayashi M, Yoshida H, Watanabe R. et al. Ovarian metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report and review of the literatures. J. Case. Rep. Obstet. Gynecol. Rep. 2017; 3: 9–12.
Review
For citations:
Khakimov G.A., Khakimova G.G., Djumanova F.B., Orifjonova G.P., Kadyrov Sh.Sh. Clinical case of a giant extragastrointestinal tumor of the retroperitoneum and review of the literature. Medical alphabet. 2024;(17):38-42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-17-38-42