Влияние противоопухолевой терапии на репродуктивную систему, возможности сохранения женской фертильности

Влияние злокачественных новообразований и методов их лечения на репродуктивную функцию женщин является одной из значимых проблем онкогинекологии. Механизмы потери фолликулов яичников, вызванной химиотерапией, имеют свои особенности в зависимости от характеристик цитотоксического агента и действуют по-разному на различные популяции клеток яичника. Рассмотрено токсическое действие на фертильность основных групп противоопухолевых препаратов. Нарушение репродуктивной функции имеет негативные последствия для физического и психического здоровья женщины. Применение методов, снижающих воздействие цитотоксических агентов на яичник, позволяет предотвратить преждевременную недостаточность яичников, приводящую к бесплодию. В статье рассмотрены современные методы сохранения фертильности с использованием вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий. Все онкологические больные репродуктивного возраста должны получать полное консультирование по вопросам онкофертильности как можно раньше, в процессе планирования лечения, независимо от типа и стадии заболевания.

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