Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and fetal pathology in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders

Arterial hypertension in pregnant women increases the risk of complications of pregnancy, childbirth, fetal and newborn pathology. A survey of 80 pregnant women and EMIAS data was conducted. Elevated blood pressure during office measurement was recorded in 31 patients, according to the SMAD data, 20 pregnant women with arterial hypertension were identified. According to the results of the study, in 55 % of pregnant women, gestational hypertension was confirmed in patients with office blood pressure levels within the normal range. Thus, the use of SMAD increases the detection of hypertension in pregnant women by two times. Unjustified prescribing of antihypertensive drugs to pregnant women with an office increase in blood pressure, but with unconfirmed hypertension using the SMAD method (50 %) was noted. A low level of antihypertensive drug use was revealed in pregnant women with confirmed arterial hypertension according to SMAD (35 %). The following results were obtained from the study of the daily blood pressure profile of pregnant women with hypertension: arterial hypertension was observed during the day in 26.7 %, during waking hours in 6.7 %, and at night in 66.7 %. The average daytime SAD was increased in 26.6 % of pregnant women with hypertension, and the average nighttime SAD was increased in 50 %. The average daily SAD was increased in 30 %. The average daily DBP was increased in 50 % of pregnant women, no increase in nocturnal DBP was noted. An increase in VUP SAD was noted in 3.33 %, an increase in VUP DAD – in 10 %. The rate of morning SAD rise was within the normal range in 66.7 % of pregnant women with hypertension, increased – 33.3 %, the rate of morning DBP rise was within the normal range in 53.3 % of pregnant women with hypertension, increased – 46.7 %. PAD was within the normal range in 63.3 % of pregnant women with hypertension, exceeded the norm – in 36.7 %. The variability of SAD and DBP was within the normal range (daily index of 10–20 %).Obese patients in most cases show an increase in blood pressure numbers during routine blood pressure measurements, as well as a high risk of preeclampsia. Pregnant women with hypertension have a high risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, anemia, and gestational pyelonephritis. In the presence of hypertension during pregnancy, the frequency of cesarean section, premature discharge of amniotic fluid/ membranes, ruptures of the cervix/perineum, fetal distress, and the risk of having a low birth weight child increases.

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