Ultrasound examination of the heart in premature newborns (lecture)
https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2025-24-17-22
Abstract
The lecture is devoted to ultrasound examination of the heart in premature newborns. The lecture highlights the features of premature infants in the neonatal period. The issues re-lated to ultrasound diagnostics of persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborns and the functional state of the right ventricle are reflected. The role of ultrasound in the assessment of transient posthypoxic myocardial ischemia is shown. The criteria for ultrasound diagno-sis of a hemodynamically significant functioning arterial duct in premature newborns are presented.
About the Author
A. A. Tarasova
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alla A. Tarasova – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Professor of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics of children
Moscow
References
1. WHO recommendations for care of the preterm or low birth weight infant. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
2. Ohuma E., Moller A-B, Bradley E. et al. National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2023;402(10409):1261–1271. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00878-4.
3. Neonatology: a national guide: in 2 volumes / edited by N.N. Volodin, D.N. Degtyarev. 2nd ed., revised and additional. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2023. Vol. 1. 752 p.: ill. (Series «National guidelines»). DOI: 10.33029/9704-7828-8-NNG-2023-1-752.
4. Baryshnikova I.Yu., Gasanova R.M. Prematurity is a risk factor for early heart failure. The Bulletin of Bakoulev Center. Cardiovascular Diseases. 2024;25(2):107–113 (In Russ.) DOI: 10.24022/1810-0694-2024-25-2107-113.
5. Abman SH. Pulmonary Hypertension: The Hidden Danger for Newborns. Neonatology. 2021;118 (2):211–217. DOI: 10.1159/000516107.
6. Sankaran D., Lakshminrusimha S. Pulmonary hypertension in the newborn- etiology and pathogenesis. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022;27(4):101381. DOI:10.1016/j.siny.2022.101381.
7. Otto K.M. Clinical echocardiography. A practical guide. Translation of the 5th edition; Under the general ed. Sandrikov V.A., ed. Galagudzy M.M., Domnitskaya T.M., Zelenikin M.M., Kulagina T.Yu., Nikiforova V.S., Sandrikov V.A. M.: Logosphere, 2019. 1352 p.
8. Clydeiter U. Pediatric echocardiography. Ultrasound examination of the heart in children. Ul-trasound diagnostics of congenital heart defects / Klaydeiter U., Pottsa R.D., Haas N.A.; translated from German edited by рrof. Pykov M.I., prof. Tarasova A.A. 2nd ed., ispr. Mos-cow: MEDpress-inform, 2024. 420 p.: ill.
9. Kurath-Koller S., Avian A., Cantinotti M. et al. Normal Pediatric Values of the Subcostal Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (S-TAPSE) and Its Value in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension. Can J Cardiol. 2019;35(7):899–906. DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.01.019.
10. Malowitz JR., Forsha DE., Smith PB. еt al. Right ventricular echocardiographic indices predict poor outcomes in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(11):1224–1231. DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev071.
11. More K., Soni R., Gupta S. The role of bedside functional echocardiography in the as-sessment and management of pulmonary hypertension. Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medi-cine. 2022; Aug; 27(4):101366. DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2022.101366.
12. Aggarwal S., Natarajan G. Echocardiographic correlates of persistent pulmonary hyper-tension of the newborn. Early Hum Dev. 2015; 91(4): 285–289. DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.02.008.
13. Patel N., Mills J.F., Cheung M.M.H. Assessment of right ventricular function using tissue Doppler imaging in infants with pulmonary hypertension. Neonatology. 2009;96(3):193–199. DOI: 10.1159/000215585.
14. Levy P.T., EI-Khuffash A., Patel M.D. et al. Maturational Patterns of Systolic Ventricular Deformation Mechanics by Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Pre-term Infants over the First Year of Age. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2017;30(7):685–698.e1. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2017.03.003.
15. Prakhov A.V. Neonatal cardiology: a guide for doctors: manual / A.V. Prakhov. 2nd ed., re-vised. and an addendum. Nizhny Novgorod: PIMU. 2017. 464 p.
16. Iribarren I., Hilario E., Alvarez A. et al. Neonatal multiple organ failure after perinatal as-phyxia. An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2022;97(4):280.e1–280.e8. DOI:10.1016/j.anpede.2022.08.010.
17. Trainini J.C., Beraudo M., Wernicke M. et al. Anatomical investigation of the cardiac apex. Rev Argent Cardiol. 2022;90:118–123. DOI: 10.7775/rac.v90.i2.20498.
18. Pavlyukova E.N., Kolosova M.V., Neklyudova G.V. et al. Children’s heart and prematurity: a current view of the problem. Kazan Medical Journal. 2024;105(2): 284–298 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17816/KMJ303607.
19. Vazemiller О.А., Vaganov А.А., Samartsev M.Yu. et al. Characterization of heart function in premature infants with transient myocardial ischemia. Pediatria. 2019; 98(4):122–128 (In Russ.) DOI: 10.24110/0031-403X-2019-98-4-122-128.
20. Belova Yu.N., Tarasova A.A., Podkopaev V.N. et al. Posthypoxic myocardial ischemia in newborns: diagnosis and therapy of severe forms. Anesthesiology and Reanimatology. 2012;1:65–68 (In Russ.)
21. Nestaas E., Stoylen A., Brunvand L. et al. Longitudinal strain and strain rate by tissue Doppler are more sensitive indices than fractional shortening for assessing the reduced myo-cardial function in asphyxiated neonates. Cardiol Young. 2011; 21(1):1–7. DOI: 10.1017/S1047951109991314.
22. Sehgal A., Wong F., Menahem S. Speckle tracking derived strain in infants with severe perinatal asphyxia: a comparative case control study. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2013;11:34. DOI: 10.1186/1476-7120-11-34.
23. Semberova J., Sirc J., Miletin J. et al. Spontaneous Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Infants ≤1500 g. Pediatrics. 2017;140(2):e20164258. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-4258.
24. Sung S.I., Chang Y.S., Kim J. et al. Natural evolution of ductus arteriosus with noninter-ventional conservative management in extremely preterm infants born at 23–28 weeks of ges-tation. PLoS One. 2019;14(2):e0212256. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212256.
25. Clinical guidelines. Open ductus arteriosus. Year of approval: 2024. IDКR43_2. Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. http://cr.minzdravgov.ru/recomend/43_2.
Review
For citations:
Tarasova A.A. Ultrasound examination of the heart in premature newborns (lecture). Medical alphabet. 2025;(24):17-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2025-24-17-22
Views:
14
Email this article 