<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-745</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый взгляд на особенности электроэнцефалографической картины юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New view on electroencephalographic pattern features of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнайдер</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shnayder</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилкина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilkina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитренко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrenko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>23</issue><issue-title>Современная функциональная диагностика</issue-title><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шнайдер Н.А., Шилкина О.С., Дмитренко Д.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шнайдер Н.А., Шилкина О.С., Дмитренко Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shnayder N.A., Shilkina O.S., Dmitrenko D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/745">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/745</self-uri><abstract><p>В лекции изложены современные сведения об особенностях электроэнцефалографического паттерна юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии, к которым следует отнести атипичную морфологию комплексов спайк-медленная волна, амплитудную асимметрию, фокальные разряды, фокальное начало пароксизмов, фокальное смещение пароксизмов и наличие генерализованного пароксизмального быстрого ритма. Современные исследования свидетельствует о необходимости информирования врачей функциональной диагностики и клинических нейрофизиологов об электроэнцефалографических особенностях юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии с целью своевременной диагностики заболевания, исключения назначения неадекватной терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lecture presents modern data on electroencephalographic pattern features of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy should include atypical morphology of complexes of spike-slow wave, amplitude asymmetry, focal discharges, focal onset seizures, focal displacement of the paroxysms, and the presence of generalized paroxysmal fast rhythms. Modern studies indicated the need for training of doctors of functional diagnostics and clinical neurophysiologists about the electroencephalographic characteristics of JME with the goal of timely disease diagnosis, exception the appointment of inadequate treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>юношеская миоклоническая эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография</kwd><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>juvenile myoclonic epilepsy</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography</kwd><kwd>EEG</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Engel J.J. Report of the ILAE classification core group. Epilepsia. 2006; 47(9): 1558-1568.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Engel J.J. Report of the ILAE classification core group. Epilepsia. 2006; 47(9): 1558-1568.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шилкина О.С., Шнайдер Н.А. Эпидемиология юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2017(1S): 26-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шилкина О.С., Шнайдер Н.А. Эпидемиология юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2017(1S): 26-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карлов В.А., Фрейдкова Н.В. Юношеская миоклоническая эпилепсия. В книге: Эпилепсия у детей и взрослых женщин и мужчин. 2010; 244-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Карлов В.А., Фрейдкова Н.В. Юношеская миоклоническая эпилепсия. В книге: Эпилепсия у детей и взрослых женщин и мужчин. 2010; 244-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panayiotopoulos C.P., Tahan R., Obeid T. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: factors of errors involved in the diagnosis and treatment Epilepsia. 1991; 32(5): 672-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panayiotopoulos C.P., Tahan R., Obeid T. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: factors of errors involved in the diagnosis and treatment Epilepsia. 1991; 32(5): 672-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Artyukhov I.P., Shilkina O.S., Shnayder N.A., Dmitrenko D.V. et al. Case report of management problem of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Case Reports in Clinical Medicine. 2016; (5): 217-224.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artyukhov I.P., Shilkina O.S., Shnayder N.A., Dmitrenko D.V. et al. Case report of management problem of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Case Reports in Clinical Medicine. 2016; (5): 217-224.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Serafini A., Rubboli G., Gigli G.L. Koutroumanidis M., et al. Neurophysiology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013; 28(1): 30-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.042.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serafini A., Rubboli G., Gigli G.L. Koutroumanidis M., et al. Neurophysiology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013; 28(1): 30-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.042.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genton P., Puig X.S., Tunon A., Lahoz C., et al. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and related syndromes: clinical and neurophysiological aspects. In: Malafosse A., Genton P., Hirsch E., Marescaux C., et al. Idiopathic generalized epilepsies: clinical, experimental and genetic aspects. London, UK: John Libbey and Company Ltd; 1994: 253-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genton P., Puig X.S., Tunon A., Lahoz C., et al. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and related syndromes: clinical and neurophysiological aspects. In: Malafosse A., Genton P., Hirsch E., Marescaux C., et al. Idiopathic generalized epilepsies: clinical, experimental and genetic aspects. London, UK: John Libbey and Company Ltd; 1994: 253-65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santiago-Rodriguez E., Harmony T., Cardenas-Morales L., Hernandez A., et al. Analysis of background EEG activity in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure 2008; 17: 437-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santiago-Rodriguez E., Harmony T., Cardenas-Morales L., Hernandez A., et al. Analysis of background EEG activity in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure 2008; 17: 437-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genton P., Gonzalez Sanchez M.S., Saltarelli A., Bureau M., et al. Misleading aspects of standard electro-encephalography in JME. Neurophysiol Clin 1995; 25: 283-90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genton P., Gonzalez Sanchez M.S., Saltarelli A., Bureau M., et al. Misleading aspects of standard electro-encephalography in JME. Neurophysiol Clin 1995; 25: 283-90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Betting L.E., Mory S.B., Lopes-Cendes I., Li M., et al. EEG features in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: clues to diagnosis. Epilepsia 2006; 47: 523-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Betting L.E., Mory S.B., Lopes-Cendes I., Li M., et al. EEG features in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: clues to diagnosis. Epilepsia 2006; 47: 523-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухин К.Ю., Фрейдкова Н.В., Глухова А.Ю., Пылаева О.А., и др. Юношеская миоклоническая эпилепсия: фокус на эффективность терапии и частоту рецидивов по данным длительного катамнеза. Русский журнал детской неврологии 2015; 10(4): 7-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мухин К.Ю., Фрейдкова Н.В., Глухова А.Ю., Пылаева О.А., и др. Юношеская миоклоническая эпилепсия: фокус на эффективность терапии и частоту рецидивов по данным длительного катамнеза. Русский журнал детской неврологии 2015; 10(4): 7-16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panayiotopoulos C.P., Obeid T., Tahan A.R. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a 5-year prospective study. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 285-96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panayiotopoulos C.P., Obeid T., Tahan A.R. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a 5-year prospective study. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 285-96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baise-Zung C., Guilhoto L.M., Grossmann R.M. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: nonclassic electroencephalographical presentation in adult patients. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 171-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baise-Zung C., Guilhoto L.M., Grossmann R.M. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: nonclassic electroencephalographical presentation in adult patients. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 171-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliberti V., Grünewald R.A., Panayiotopoulos C.P., Chroni E. Focal electroencephalographic abnormalities in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 297-301.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliberti V., Grünewald R.A., Panayiotopoulos C.P., Chroni E. Focal electroencephalographic abnormalities in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 297-301.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lancman M.E., Asconapé J.J., Penry J.K. Clinical and EEG asymmetries in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 302-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lancman M.E., Asconapé J.J., Penry J.K. Clinical and EEG asymmetries in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994; 35: 302-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Halasz P., Janszky J., Barcs G., Szucs A. Generalised paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA) is not always a sign of malignant epileptic encephalopathy. Seizure 2004; 13: 270-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Halasz P., Janszky J., Barcs G., Szucs A. Generalised paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA) is not always a sign of malignant epileptic encephalopathy. Seizure 2004; 13: 270-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sagi V., et al. Generalized paroxysmal fast activity in EEG: An unrecognized finding in genetic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav.2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/jyebeh.2017.08.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sagi V., et al. Generalized paroxysmal fast activity in EEG: An unrecognized finding in genetic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav.2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/jyebeh.2017.08.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murthy J.M., Rao C.M., Meena A.K. Clinical observations of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in 131 patients: a study in South India. Seizure 1998; 7: 43-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murthy J.M., Rao C.M., Meena A.K. Clinical observations of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in 131 patients: a study in South India. Seizure 1998; 7: 43-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atakli D., Sozuer D., Atay T., Baybas S., Arpaci B. Misdiagnosis and treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure 1998; 7: 63-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atakli D., Sozuer D., Atay T., Baybas S., Arpaci B. Misdiagnosis and treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure 1998; 7: 63-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воронкова К.В., Холин А.А., Ахмедов Т.М., Мазальская О.А., Королева Н.Ю., Федин А.И. Фокальные черты идиопатических генерализованных эпилепсий. Результаты собственного исследования // Лечебное дело. 2012. № 2. С. 65-74]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Воронкова К.В., Холин А.А., Ахмедов Т.М., Мазальская О.А., Королева Н.Ю., Федин А.И. Фокальные черты идиопатических генерализованных эпилепсий. Результаты собственного исследования // Лечебное дело. 2012. № 2. С. 65-74]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shahnaz А., Sher K., Sattar R.A. Clinical and EEG characteristics of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Pak J Med Sci2014; 30(1): 12-15 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.301.4465</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shahnaz А., Sher K., Sattar R.A. Clinical and EEG characteristics of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Pak J Med Sci2014; 30(1): 12-15 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.301.4465</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seneviratne U., Hepworth G., Cook M., D’Souza W. Atypical EEG abnormalities in genetic generalized epilepsies. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016; 127(1): 214-220. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.05.031. Epub 2015 Jun 19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seneviratne U., Hepworth G., Cook M., D’Souza W. Atypical EEG abnormalities in genetic generalized epilepsies. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016; 127(1): 214-220. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.05.031. Epub 2015 Jun 19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baise-Zung C., Guilhoto L.M., Grossmann R.M. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: nonclassic electroencephalographical presentation in adult patients. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 171-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baise-Zung C., Guilhoto L.M., Grossmann R.M. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: nonclassic electroencephalographical presentation in adult patients. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 171-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MontalentiтE., Imperiale D., Rovera A., Bergamasco B., et al. Clinical features, EEG findings and diagnostic pitfalls in juvenilemyoclonic epilepsy: a series of 63 patients. J Neurol Sci 2001; 184: 65-70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MontalentiтE., Imperiale D., Rovera A., Bergamasco B., et al. Clinical features, EEG findings and diagnostic pitfalls in juvenilemyoclonic epilepsy: a series of 63 patients. J Neurol Sci 2001; 184: 65-70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lombroso C.T. Consistent EEG focalities detected in subjects with primary generalized epilepsies monitored for two decades. Epilepsia 1997; 38: 797-812.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lombroso C.T. Consistent EEG focalities detected in subjects with primary generalized epilepsies monitored for two decades. Epilepsia 1997; 38: 797-812.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dhanuka A.K., Jain B.K., Singh D., Maheshwari D. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a clinical and sleep EEG study. Seizure 2001; 10: 374-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dhanuka A.K., Jain B.K., Singh D., Maheshwari D. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a clinical and sleep EEG study. Seizure 2001; 10: 374-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jayalakshmi S.S., Srinivasa Rao B., Sailaja S. Focal clinical and electroencephalographic features in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand 2010; 122: 115-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jayalakshmi S.S., Srinivasa Rao B., Sailaja S. Focal clinical and electroencephalographic features in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand 2010; 122: 115-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Japaridze G., Kasradze S., Lomidze G., Zhizhiashvili L., et al. Focal EEG features and therapeutic response in patients with juvenile absence and myoclonic epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016; 127(2): 1182-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.11.048.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Japaridze G., Kasradze S., Lomidze G., Zhizhiashvili L., et al. Focal EEG features and therapeutic response in patients with juvenile absence and myoclonic epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016; 127(2): 1182-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.11.048.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esmail E.H., Nawito A.M., Labib D.M., Basheer M.A. Focal interictal epileptiform discharges in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurol Sci. 2016; 37(7): 1071-7. doi: 10.1007/s10072-016-2538-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esmail E.H., Nawito A.M., Labib D.M., Basheer M.A. Focal interictal epileptiform discharges in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurol Sci. 2016; 37(7): 1071-7. doi: 10.1007/s10072-016-2538-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité D.G., de Weerd A., Beniczky S. Chronodependency and provocative factors in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013; 28(1): 25-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.045.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité D.G., de Weerd A., Beniczky S. Chronodependency and provocative factors in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013; 28(1): 25-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.11.045.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Appleton, R., Beirne, M., Acomb, B. Photosensitivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure 2000; 9: 108-111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Appleton, R., Beirne, M., Acomb, B. Photosensitivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure 2000; 9: 108-111.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beniczky S., Guaranha M.S., Conradsen I., Singh M.B. et al. Modulation of epileptiform EEG discharges in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: an investigation of reflex epileptic traits. Epilepsia. 2012 May; 53(5): 832-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03454.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beniczky S., Guaranha M.S., Conradsen I., Singh M.B. et al. Modulation of epileptiform EEG discharges in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: an investigation of reflex epileptic traits. Epilepsia. 2012 May; 53(5): 832-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03454.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genton P., Gelisse P., Thomas P. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy today: current definition and limits. In: Schmitz B., Sander T., editors. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: the Janz syndrome. Petersfield and Philadelphia: Wrightson Medical Publishing. 2000: 11-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genton P., Gelisse P., Thomas P. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy today: current definition and limits. In: Schmitz B., Sander T., editors. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: the Janz syndrome. Petersfield and Philadelphia: Wrightson Medical Publishing. 2000: 11-32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карлов В.А. Фотосенситивность, эпилепсия, затылочная и лобная кора. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2014; 6(4): 31-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Карлов В.А. Фотосенситивность, эпилепсия, затылочная и лобная кора. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2014; 6(4): 31-36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Touchon J. Effect of awakening on epileptic activity in primary generalized myoclonic epilepsy. In: Sterman M.B., Shouse M.N., Passouant P., editors. Sleep and epilepsy New York: Academic Press; 1982: 239-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Touchon J. Effect of awakening on epileptic activity in primary generalized myoclonic epilepsy. In: Sterman M.B., Shouse M.N., Passouant P., editors. Sleep and epilepsy New York: Academic Press; 1982: 239-47.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Billiard M. Epilepsiesandthesleep-wakecycle. In: Sterman M.B., Shouse M.N., Passouant P., editors. Sleepandepilepsy. NewYork: AcademicPress. 1982: 269-89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Billiard M. Epilepsiesandthesleep-wakecycle. In: Sterman M.B., Shouse M.N., Passouant P., editors. Sleepandepilepsy. NewYork: AcademicPress. 1982: 269-89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">SalasPuig J., Tunon J.A., Mateos V., Guisasola L.M., et al. Janz’s juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a little known frequent syndrome. Med Clin 1994; 103: 684-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SalasPuig J., Tunon J.A., Mateos V., Guisasola L.M., et al. Janz’s juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a little known frequent syndrome. Med Clin 1994; 103: 684-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janz D., Christian W. Impulsiv - petit mal. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde 1957;.176:.346-86. (English translation by Genton P. In: Malafosse A., Genton P., Hirsch E., Marescaux C., Broglin D., Bernasconi M., editors. Idiopathic generalized epilepsies. London: John Libbey; 1994:229-51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Janz D., Christian W. Impulsiv - petit mal. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde 1957;.176:.346-86. (English translation by Genton P. In: Malafosse A., Genton P., Hirsch E., Marescaux C., Broglin D., Bernasconi M., editors. Idiopathic generalized epilepsies. London: John Libbey; 1994:229-51.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panayiotopoulos C.P. A clinical guide to epileptic syndromes and their treatment, revised 2nd ed. London: Springer Healthcare Ltd. 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panayiotopoulos C.P. A clinical guide to epileptic syndromes and their treatment, revised 2nd ed. London: Springer Healthcare Ltd. 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morison R.S., Dempsey E.W. A study of thalamo-cortical relations. Am J Physiol 1941; 135: 281-292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morison R.S., Dempsey E.W. A study of thalamo-cortical relations. Am J Physiol 1941; 135: 281-292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meeren H., van Luijtelaar G., Lopes da Silva F., Coenen A. Evolving concepts on the pathophysiology of absence seizures: the cortical focus theory. Arch Neurol 2005; 62: 371-376.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meeren H., van Luijtelaar G., Lopes da Silva F., Coenen A. Evolving concepts on the pathophysiology of absence seizures: the cortical focus theory. Arch Neurol 2005; 62: 371-376.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Penfield W.G., Jasper H.H. Epilepsy and functional anatomy of the human brain. Little Brown &amp; Co, Boston, MA. 1954.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Penfield W.G., Jasper H.H. Epilepsy and functional anatomy of the human brain. Little Brown &amp; Co, Boston, MA. 1954.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buzsaki G. The thalamic clock: emergent network properties. Neuroscience 1991; 41: 351-364.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buzsaki G. The thalamic clock: emergent network properties. Neuroscience 1991; 41: 351-364.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gloor P. Generalized cortico-reticular epilepsies: some considerations on the pathophysiology of generalized bilaterally synchronous spike and wave discharge. Epilepsia 1968; 9:.249-263.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gloor P. Generalized cortico-reticular epilepsies: some considerations on the pathophysiology of generalized bilaterally synchronous spike and wave discharge. Epilepsia 1968; 9:.249-263.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gloor P. Generalized epilepsy with bilateral synchronous spike and wave discharge. New findings concerning its physiological mechanisms. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl 1978; 34: 245-249.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gloor P. Generalized epilepsy with bilateral synchronous spike and wave discharge. New findings concerning its physiological mechanisms. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl 1978; 34: 245-249.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leresche N., Lambert R.C., Errington A.C., Crunelli V. From sleep spindles of natural sleep to spike and wave discharges of typical absence seizures: is the hypothesis still valid? Pflugers Arch. 2011. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-1009-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leresche N., Lambert R.C., Errington A.C., Crunelli V. From sleep spindles of natural sleep to spike and wave discharges of typical absence seizures: is the hypothesis still valid? Pflugers Arch. 2011. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-1009-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laws E., Niedermeyer E., Walker A.E. Depth E.E.G. findings in epileptics with generalzed spike-wave complexes. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1970; 28: 94-95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laws E., Niedermeyer E., Walker A.E. Depth E.E.G. findings in epileptics with generalzed spike-wave complexes. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1970; 28: 94-95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moeller F., Maneshi M., Pittau F., Gholipour T., et al. Functional connectivity in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia 2011; 52: 515-522.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moeller F., Maneshi M., Pittau F., Gholipour T., et al. Functional connectivity in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia 2011; 52: 515-522.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clemens B., Puskds S., Besenyei M., Spisdk T., Opposite G., Hollôdy K., Fogarasi A., Fekete I., Emri M. Neurophysiology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: EEG-based network and graph analysis of the interictal and immediate preictal states. Epilepsy Res. 2013; 106(3): 357-69. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.06.017. Epub 2013 Jul22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clemens B., Puskds S., Besenyei M., Spisdk T., Opposite G., Hollôdy K., Fogarasi A., Fekete I., Emri M. Neurophysiology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: EEG-based network and graph analysis of the interictal and immediate preictal states. Epilepsy Res. 2013; 106(3): 357-69. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.06.017. Epub 2013 Jul22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vollmar C., O’Muircheartaigh J., Barker G.J., et al. Motor system hyperconnectiviiy in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a cognitive functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Brain 2011; 134: 1710-1719.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vollmar C., O’Muircheartaigh J., Barker G.J., et al. Motor system hyperconnectiviiy in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: a cognitive functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Brain 2011; 134: 1710-1719.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsuoka H., Takahashi T., Sasaki M., et al. Neuropsychological EEG activation in patients with epilepsy. Brain 2000; 123: 318-330.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsuoka H., Takahashi T., Sasaki M., et al. Neuropsychological EEG activation in patients with epilepsy. Brain 2000; 123: 318-330.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Muircheartaigh J., Vollmar C., Barker G.J., et al. Focal structural changes and cognitive dysfunction in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Neurology 2011; 76: 34-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Muircheartaigh J., Vollmar C., Barker G.J., et al. Focal structural changes and cognitive dysfunction in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Neurology 2011; 76: 34-40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vollmar C., O’Muircheartaigh J., Symms M.R., Barker G.J., et al. Altered microstructural connectivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: the missing link. Neurology. 2012; 78(20): 1555-9. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182563b44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vollmar C., O’Muircheartaigh J., Symms M.R., Barker G.J., et al. Altered microstructural connectivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: the missing link. Neurology. 2012; 78(20): 1555-9. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182563b44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodin E., Ancheta O. (1987) Cerebral electrical fields during petit фmal absences. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 66: 457-466.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodin E., Ancheta O. (1987) Cerebral electrical fields during petit фmal absences. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 66: 457-466.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holmes M.D., Brown M., Tucker D.M. Are "generalized" seizures truly generalized? Evidence of localized mesial frontal and frontopolar discharges in absence. Epilepsia 2004; 45: 1568-1579.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holmes M.D., Brown M., Tucker D.M. Are "generalized" seizures truly generalized? Evidence of localized mesial frontal and frontopolar discharges in absence. Epilepsia 2004; 45: 1568-1579.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карлов В.А., Гнездицкий В.В., Баярмаа Дойлов. Транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция при эпилепсии: показания и противопоказания. Международная конференция «Эпилепсия - диагностика, лечение» М. 2005; 162-167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Карлов В.А., Гнездицкий В.В., Баярмаа Дойлов. Транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция при эпилепсии: показания и противопоказания. Международная конференция «Эпилепсия - диагностика, лечение» М. 2005; 162-167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartolini E., Pesaresi I., Fabbri S., Cecchi P., et al. Abnormal response to photic stimulation in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: an EEG-fM-RI study. Epilepsia. 2014; 55(7): 1038-47. doi: 10.1111/epi.12634.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bartolini E., Pesaresi I., Fabbri S., Cecchi P., et al. Abnormal response to photic stimulation in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: an EEG-fM-RI study. Epilepsia. 2014; 55(7): 1038-47. doi: 10.1111/epi.12634.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blumenfeld H. Cellular and network mechanisms of spike-wave seizures. Epilepsia 2005; 46(9): 21-33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blumenfeld H. Cellular and network mechanisms of spike-wave seizures. Epilepsia 2005; 46(9): 21-33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Altindag E 1, Baslo B., Baykan B., Bebek N., et al. Reduced axon number in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy demonstrated by motor unit number estimation analysis. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2007; 38(3): 127-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altindag E 1, Baslo B., Baykan B., Bebek N., et al. Reduced axon number in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy demonstrated by motor unit number estimation analysis. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2007; 38(3): 127-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шнайдер Н.А., Шилкина О.С., Петров К.В., Черных И.А., и др. Клинико-генетическая гетерогенность юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2016; 2: 20-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шнайдер Н.А., Шилкина О.С., Петров К.В., Черных И.А., и др. Клинико-генетическая гетерогенность юношеской миоклонической эпилепсии. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2016; 2: 20-36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
