medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2026-14-17-23medalphabet-5150Research ArticleСтатьиОценка готовности системы общественного здравоохранения к эпидемической угрозе глобального характера на примере пандемии COVID‑19Current public health challenges during the COVID‑19 pandemichttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9939-2266ПряниковГ. А.PryanikovG. A.

Григорий Алексеевич Пряников, аспирант

кафедра эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины

Москва

Grigory A. Pryanikov, postgraduate student

Dept of Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine

Moscow

8230712@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-8510-6727ИвановС. С.IvanovS. S.

Сергей Сергеевич Иванов, аспирант

кафедра эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины

Москва

Sergey S. Ivanov, postgraduate student

Dept of Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine

Moscow

Институт общественного здоровья им. Ф. Ф. Эрисмана ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияF. F. Erisman Institute of Public Health, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian Federation202622072026014Эпидемиология, гигиена, инфекционные болезни (1)1723Copyright © Пряников Г.А., Иванов С.С., 20262026Пряников Г.А., Иванов С.С.Pryanikov G.A., Ivanov S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5150   Введение

   Введение. Инфраструктурные и популяционные факторы пандемии COVID-19 оказали существенное влияние на функционирование системы общественного здравоохранения. Изучение многофакторного воздействия, которое оказала и продолжает оказывать пандемия на здоровье и жизнь населения, включая медицинских работников и другие группы риска, оценка эффективности противоэпидемических и профилактических мероприятий являются важными задачами современной эпидемиологии.

   Цель исследования

   Цель исследования. Определить перечень актуальных задач, функций и противоэпидемических мероприятий, стоящих перед системой здравоохранения, и оценить эффективность их реализации в период пандемии COVID-19.

   Материалы и методы

   Материалы и методы. Использованы информационно-аналитические методы изучения особенностей эпидемического процесса новой коронавирусной инфекции, функций и задач, стоящих перед системой здравоохранения в период пандемии COVID-19. Выполнен поиск по пяти базам данных отечественной и зарубежной научной литературы, включая Scopus, Jstor, Ebsco, eLibrary.ru, Web of Science, а также в двух системах поиска нормативной правовой информации, актуальной для России («Консультант Плюс» и «Гарант»), за период 2020–2024 гг. Осуществлен анализ законодательных и нормативных актов, результатов научных исследований, систематизированы рекомендации Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) и национальных систем здравоохранения по осуществлению комплекса противоэпидемических мероприятий по борьбе с COVID-19. Рассмотрено 12 отечественных и 35 иностранных источников.

   Результаты

   Результаты. Подтверждено, что использование новых алгоритмов профилактических мероприятий и оказания медицинской помощи в условиях интенсивного эпидемического процесса является приоритетной задачей системы здравоохранения. Неотложными задачами общественного здравоохранения в условиях пандемии являются выявление и изоляция заболевших, а также заблаговременное принятие мер физического дистанцирования для разрыва цепочек передачи инфекционного агента.

   Заключение

   Заключение. Изучение генезиса и факторов, способствующих распространению COVID-19, является исключительно важным для разработки эффективных стратегий по сдерживанию инфекции и предотвращению ее дальнейшего распространения в эпидемических очагах.

   Introduction. Infrastructural and population factors of the COVID-19 pandemic have a significant impact on the functioning of public health systems. Studying the multifactorial impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had and continues to have on the health and lives of the population, including medical workers and other risk groups, and evaluating the effectiveness of preventive measures is an important task of modern epidemiology.   Objective. To determine the list of urgent tasks, functions and anti-epidemic measures facing the healthcare system and evaluate the effectiveness of their implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic.   Materials and methods. Information and analytical methods were used to study the features of the epidemic process of the new coronavirus infection, the functions and tasks facing the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. The search was performed in five databases of Russian and foreign scientific literature, including Scopus, Jstor, Ebsco, eLibrary.ru, Web of Science, as well as in two search systems for regulatory legal information relevant to Russia (Consultant Plus and Garant), for the period 2020–2024. Based on the study of domestic and international data, an analysis of legislative and regulatory acts, scientific research results was carried out; recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and national health systems on the implementation of a set of anti-epidemic measures to combat COVID-19 were systematized. Overall, 12 domestic and 35 foreign sources were reviewed.   Results. It has been confirmed that the use of new algorithms for preventive measures and medical care in conditions of an intensive epidemic process is a priority task of the healthcare system. Urgent public health measures in the context of a pandemic are the identification and isolation of patients, as well as the early adoption of physical distancing measures to break the chains of transmission of the infectious agent.   Conclusion. Studying the genesis and factors contributing to the spread of COVID-19 is extremely important for developing effective strategies to contain the infection and prevent its further spread in epidemic foci.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.