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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2026-13-51-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-5107</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностические возможности системы стратификации риска злокачественности при ультразвуковом исследовании очаговых образований щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic capabilities of a malignancy risk stratification system in ultrasound examination of focal thyroid lesions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-8214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeeva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любовь Анатолиевна Тимофеева, д. м. н., профессор, профессор кафедры, врач-рентгенолог, врач ультразвуковой диагностики</p><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с курсом лучевой диагностики</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov A. Timofeeva, DМ Sci (habil.), professor, professor of the Department, Radiologist, Ultrasound Diagnostics Physician</p><p>Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with the Course of Radiation Diagnostics</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adabai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5068-7598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Николаевна Макарова, старший преподаватель</p><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с курсом лучевой диагностики</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Makarova, senior lecturer</p><p>Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with a Course in Radiation Diagnostics</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brunetka08-87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1671-1202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юманов</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yumanov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Олегович Юманов, аспирант</p><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с курсом лучевой диагностики</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander O. Yumanov, Post-Graduate Student</p><p>Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with the Course of Radiation Diagnostics</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">A.umanov@my18.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5159-0024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Сергеевич Алексеев, аспирант</p><p>кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней с курсом лучевой диагностики</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Alekseev, Post-Graduate Student</p><p>Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with the Course of Radiation Diagnostics</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sergey037513@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Чувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова»;  БУ «Городская клиническая больница № 1» Министерства здравоохранения Чувашской Республики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University; City Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Чувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>13</issue><issue-title>Современная функциональная диагностика (2)</issue-title><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимофеева Л.А., Макарова Т.Н., Юманов А.О., Алексеев С.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимофеева Л.А., Макарова Т.Н., Юманов А.О., Алексеев С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timofeeva L.A., Makarova T.N., Yumanov A.O., Alekseev S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5107">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5107</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Актуальность</title><p>   Актуальность. Высокая распространенность узловых образований щитовидной железы (до 68 % при высокоразрешающем УЗИ) при низкой частоте злокачественности (5–6,5 %) создает риск овердиагностики и необоснованных инвазивных вмешательств. Системы стратификации риска, такие как TI-RADS, призваны стандартизировать ультразвуковую оценку, однако их эффективность в различных морфологических группах остается недостаточно изученной.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования. Оценить диагностическую значимость системы TI-RADS при ультразвуковом исследовании очаговой патологии щитовидной железы с учетом гистологической верификации.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ протоколов УЗИ 284 пациентов (18–83 лет) с морфологически подтвержденным диагнозом (данные тонкоигольной биопсии или послеоперационного гистологии). Пациенты разделены на три группы: доброкачественные неонкологические заболевания (n = 141), аденомы (n = 52), рак ЩЖ (n = 91). УЗИ выполнялось по мультипараметрическому протоколу (В-режим, цветовое и энергетическое допплеровское картирование). Каждому узлу присваивалась категория TI-RADS. Статистический анализ включал расчет чувствительности, специфичности и ROC-анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Доля узлов, классифицированных как TI-RADS 2, составила 23,1 %, TI-RADS 3 – 11,2 %, TI-RADS 4 – 25,6 %, TI-RADS 5 – 40,1 %. Чувствительность и специфичность TI-RADS для выявления рака составили 91,04% и 91,41 % соответственно; AUC – 0,963. Для аденом чувствительность снизилась до 61,6 %, специфичность – 82,4 %.</p></sec><sec><title>   Выводы</title><p>   Выводы. Система TI-RADS обладает высокой предсказательной способностью в диагностике рака щитовидной железы, однако ее эффективность в дифференцировке аденом ограничена, что требует индивидуализированного подхода.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. The high prevalence of thyroid nodules (up to 68% with high-resolution ultrasound) combined with a low malignancy rate (5–6.5 %) creates a risk of overdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive interventions. Risk stratification systems such as TI-RADS are intended to standardize ultrasound assessment; however, their performance in different morphological groups remains insufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic significance of the TI-RADS system in ultrasound examination of focal thyroid pathology with histological verification.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of ultrasound reports of 284 patients (aged 18–83 years) with a morphologically confirmed diagnosis (based on fine-needle aspiration biopsy or postoperative histology) was performed. Patients were divided into three groups: benign non-neoplastic diseases (n = 141), adenomas (n = 52), and thyroid cancer (n = 91). Ultrasound was performed using a multiparametric protocol (B-mode, color and power Doppler imaging). Each nodule was assigned a TI-RADS category. Statistical analysis included calculation of sensitivity, specificity, and ROC analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. The proportion of nodules classified as TI-RADS 2 was 23.1 %, TI-RADS 3 – 11.2 %, TI-RADS 4 – 25.6 %, and TI-RADS 5 – 40.1 %. Sensitivity and specificity of TI-RADS for detecting thyroid cancer were 91.04 % and 91.41 %, respectively (AUC = 0.963). For adenomas, sensitivity decreased to 61.6 % and specificity to 82.4 %.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The TI-RADS system has high predictive ability in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, but its effectiveness in differentiating adenomas is limited, which calls for an individualized approach.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>очаговые образования</kwd><kwd>TI-RADS</kwd><kwd>мультипараметрическое УЗИ</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>focal lesions</kwd><kwd>TI-RADS</kwd><kwd>multiparametric ultrasound</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соловов В.А., Аблекова О.Н. 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