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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2026-11-66-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-5087</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Адъювантная органопротекция лей-энкефалином при тяжелой внебольничной пневмонии и ОРДС: барьерстабилизирующие стратегии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adjuvant organoprotection in severe community-acquired pneumonia and ards: barrier-stabilizing strategies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шовгенов</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shovgenov</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шовгенов Ислам Русланович, аспирант 3-го года обучения </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shovgenov Islam R., 3rd year postgraduate student </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">islam_shovgenov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9191-6169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малышев Анатолий Анатольевич, к.м.н., заведующий отделением анестезиологии-реанимации № 62</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyshev Anatoly A., PhD Med Sci, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care No. 62</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9615-6118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габитов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabitov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Габитов Михаил Валерьевич, к.м.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории органопротекции при критических состояниях</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gabitov Mikhail V., PhD Med Sci, Researcher, Laboratory of Organoprotection in Critical Conditions</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgabitov@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9045-6017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенчиков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenchikov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гребенчиков Олег Александрович, д.м.н., заведующий лабораторией органопротекции при критических состояниях</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grebenchikov Oleg A., Dr Med Sci (habil.), head of the Laboratory of Organoprotection in Critical Conditions</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg.grebenchikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт общей реаниматологии имени В.А. Неговского» Федерального научно-клинического центра реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin Moscow Multidisciplinary Scientific and Clinical Center (Botkin hospital)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title>Кардиология. Неотложная медицина (1)</issue-title><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шовгенов И.Р., Малышев А.А., Габитов М.В., Гребенчиков О.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шовгенов И.Р., Малышев А.А., Габитов М.В., Гребенчиков О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shovgenov I.R., Malyshev A.A., Gabitov M.V., Grebenchikov O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5087">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5087</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Масштаб проблемы</title><p>Масштаб проблемы. Тяжелая внебольничная пневмония остается одной из ведущих причин госпитализации в отделения интенсивной терапии и летальности. У части пациентов течение осложняется сепсисом и острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом; при этом неблагоприятные исходы нередко определяются не только эрадикацией возбудителя и параметрами респираторной поддержки, но и системным воспалением, эндотелиальной дисфункцией и повреждением альвеолярно-капиллярного барьера с повышением сосудистой проницаемости.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Систематизировать данные о барьер-стабилизирующих стратегиях адъювантной органопротекции при тяжелой внебольничной пневмонии и ВП-ассоциированном ОРДС, а также критически оценить место синтетических аналогов лей-энкефалина (даларгина) в структуре таких вмешательств.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен нарративный обзор литературы с систематизированным поиском в базах PubMed/MEDLINE, CochraneLibrary, eLIBRARY.ru, GoogleScholar за 2020–2026 гг. Использовались ключевые слова, отражающие клинический контекст (тяжелая ВП, ОРДС), патогенетические мишени (эндотелиальная дисфункция, гликокаликс, сосудистая проницаемость) и фармакологическое вмешательство (даларгин, аналоги лей-энкефалина). Отбирались клинические рекомендации, РКИ, наблюдательные исследования и обзоры, содержащие данные о барьерном повреждении и адъювантных стратегиях. Проведен качественный тематический синтез. Формальный мета-анализ не выполнялся ввиду гетерогенности данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наиболее определенное место среди адъювантов имеют системные глюкокортикоиды, однако эффект зависит от фенотипа, тяжести и выбора конечных точек. Для большинства нестероидных иммуномодуляторов и вмешательств, влияющих на коагуляцию и микроциркуляцию, характерны нейтральные результаты в смешанных популяциях или сигналы преимущественно по вторичным показателям без устойчивого эффекта по «жестким» исходам. Даларгин рассматривается как кандидат барьер-ориентированной органопротекции на основании экспериментальных данных и ограниченных клинических сигналов, требующих подтверждения в профильных инфекционных фенотипах.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Барьер-стабилизация представляет перспективную нишу адъювантной терапии при тяжелой внебольничной пневмонии и остром респираторном дистресс-синдроме.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Severe community-acquired pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of intensive care unit admission and mortality. In a subset of patients, the course is complicated by sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In such cases, adverse outcomes are often determined not only by pathogen eradication and parameters of respiratory support, but also by systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and injury to the alveolar–capillary barrier with increased vascular permeability.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To systematize evidence on barrier-stabilizing strategies of adjuvant organoprotective therapy in severe community-acquired pneumonia and pneumonia-associated ARDS, and to critically appraise the potential role of synthetic Leu-enkephalin analogues (dalargin) within this set of interventions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A narrative literature review was conducted with a systematized search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY.ru, and Google Scholar databases covering the period from 2020 to 2026. Search terms reflected the clinical context (severe community- acquired pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome), key pathogenetic targets (endothelial dysfunction, glycocalyx degradation, increased vascular permeability), and pharmacological interventions (dalargin, leucine-enkephalin analogues). Clinical guidelines, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and review articles reporting data on barrier injury and adjuvant therapeutic strategies were considered eligible. A qualitative thematic synthesis was performed. A formal meta-analysis was not undertaken due to substantial heterogeneity of the available data.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Systemic glucocorticoids occupy the most clearly defined place among adjuvant therapies; however, their effects depend on phenotype, disease severity, and the choice of endpoints. For most non-steroidal immunomodulators and interventions targeting coagulation and microcirculation, evidence is characterized by neutral results in mixed populations or signals largely confined to secondary outcomes, without a consistent effect on “hard” clinical endpoints. Dalargin is considered a candidate for barrier-oriented organoprotection based on experimental data and limited clinical signals that require confirmation in well-defined infectious phenotypes. Conclusion. Barrier stabilization represents a promising niche for adjuvant therapy in severe community-acquired pneumonia and ARDS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>острый респираторный дистресс-синдром</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory distress syndrome</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеев С.Н., Белобородов В.Б., Белоцерковский Б.З., Грицан А.И., Дехнич А.В., Зайцев А.А. и соавт. Тяжелая внебольничная пневмония у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации Федерации анестезиологов и реаниматологов России. 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