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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2026-8-7-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-5074</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль электроэнцефалографии в диагностике послеоперационных когнитивных нарушений у пациентов, перенесших кардиохирургическое вмешательство с применением искусственного кровообращения. Актуальность для онкологии (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of electroencephalography in the diagnosis of postoperative cognitive disorders in patients who underwent cardiac surgery with the use of artificial circulation. Relevance for oncology (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-316X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Елена Ивановна, д. б. н., научный сотрудник отделения функциональной диагностики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuznetsova Elena I., Dr Bio Sci (habil.), researcher at Dept of Functional Diagnostics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsovaeeg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N. N. Blokhin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><issue-title>Диагностика и онкотерапия (1)</issue-title><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецова Е.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5074">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5074</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция (ПОКД) (снижение памяти, внимания, нарушение нейродинамики и др.) – распространенное осложнение особенно у пожилых пациентов хирургического профиля, снижает качество жизни и является актуальной социально значимой проблемой. Компьютерная электроэнцефалография (ЭЭГ) является информативным методом для оценки функционального состояния головного мозга. У больных с онкологическими заболеваниями и конкурирующей сердечно-сосудистой патологией имеется возможность проводить поэтапные или одномоментные операции на сердце и легком для дальнейшего противоопухолевого лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. На основании данных литературы изучить значение ЭЭГ в ранней диагностике и прогнозировании ПОКД у кардиохирургических пациентов, перенесших операцию КШ без /с применением ИК.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. При написании обзора литературы проведен анализ данных, представленных в базах данных Pubmed, Medline, Scopus c 2004 по 2025 год.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Компьютерная ЭЭГ имеет большое значение для ранней диагностики и прогнозирования послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистой патологией, перенесших КШ без /с применением ИК. Сопоставление ЭЭГ – частотных составляющих и данных нейропсихологического тестирования позволили выявить ЭЭГ-маркеры и предикторы когнитивного снижения в раннем послеоперационном периоде у пациентов после КШ без/с применением ИК. Однако, в исследования не включали пациентов с онкопатологией и лиц старше 70 лет. Это открывает возможности для ранней диагностики функционального состояния ЦНС у больных раком легкого и конкурирующей сердечно-сосудистой патологией при операциях на легком и сердце без /с применением ИК.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) (decreased memory, attention, impaired neurodynamics, etc.) is a common complication especially in elderly patients of cardiosurgical and oncosurgical pathology, which reduces the quality of life and is an actual socially significant problem. Computer electroencephalography (EEG) is an informative method for assessing the functional state of the brain. Patients with cancer and competing cardiovascular pathology have the opportunity to perform staged or simultaneous operations on the heart and lung for further antitumor treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Based on the literature data, to find out the role of EEG in diagnosis of postoperative cognition dysfunction (POCD) in patients with cardiovascular pathology after cardiac surgery without /under conditions of AC.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. We found and analyzed data in specialized medical data base Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science about EEG methods in patients after heart bypass with/without AC from 2004 to 2025 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Computer EEG is very important for early diagnosis and prognosis for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after coronary artery bypass with/without AC. However, the studies did not included patients with oncopathology, people over 70 years of age. It opens possibilities for early diagnosis of central nervous system functional conditionin patients with lung cancer and cardiovascular disorders in simultaneous (concomitant heart and lung with/without AC) surgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>искусственное кровообращение</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>симультанные операции</kwd><kwd>онкология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>EEG</kwd><kwd>artificial blood circulation</kwd><kwd>postoperative cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>simultaneous surgery</kwd><kwd>oncology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Валиев Т. Т., Махонова Л. А., Ковригина А. М., Шолохова Е. Н., Тупицын Н. Н., Серебрякова И. Н., Менткевич Г. Л. Случай врожденного лангергансоклеточного гистиоцитоза у ребенка раннего возраста. Онкогематология. 2011. Т. 6. № 2. 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