<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2026-11-7-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-5072</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значимость влияния артериальной гипертензии и ишемической болезни сердца на течение и исход новой коронавирусной инфекции у больных разных возрастных групп</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of аrterial hypertension and coronary heart disease on the course and outcomes of COVID‑19 in patients of different age groups</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8410-1216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кештова</surname><given-names>М. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Keshtova</surname><given-names>M. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кештова Марианна Умаровна, врач-кардиолог, младший научный сотрудник </p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Keshtova Marianna U., cardiologist, junior researcher </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mari.kesht@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-6212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газарян</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazaryan</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Газарян Георгий Арташесович, д.м.н., профессор </p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gazaryan George A., Dr Med Sci (habil.), professor </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gigls@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петриков Сергей Сергеевич, д.м.н., академик РАН, профессор, директор </p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petrikov Sergey S., Dr Med Sci (habil.), RAS academician, professor, director </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Petrikovss@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sкlifosovsky Scientific Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title>Кардиология. Неотложная медицина (1)</issue-title><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кештова М.У., Газарян Г.А., Петриков С.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кештова М.У., Газарян Г.А., Петриков С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Keshtova M.U., Gazaryan G.A., Petrikov S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5072">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5072</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить значимость влияния артериальной гипертензии (АГ) и ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) на течение и исход новой коронавирусной инфекции у больных разных возрастных групп.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: В исследование включено 808 больных с COVID‑19, 452 мужчин, 356 женщин, госпитализированных отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) инфекционного корпуса НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского в период с 01.10 по 21.12.2020 г. Пациенты подразделены на группы в соответствии с возрастом: молодой (18–45 лет, n=121), средний (46–60 лет, n=268), пожилой (61–75 лет, n=314) и старческий (старше 75 лет, n=105). У всех больных учитывали АГ II и III стадии, ИБС стенокардию, перенесенный и острый инфаркт миокарда (ОИМ), оценивали показатели клинико-лабораторных исследований, электрокардиографии, эхокардиографии, компьютерной томографии (КТ) органов грудной клетки с учетом степени поражения легких. У 110 умерших оценивали тяжесть поражения легких, непосредственную причину смерти.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Из общего количества госпитализированных пациенты молодого, среднего, пожилого и старческого возраста составили: 15%,33%,39% и 13%, соответственно. Среди больных до 45 лет 68% оказались без сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), с АГ II и III стадии 24% и 5%, и единичные больные с хроническими и острыми формами ИБС. В возрасте 45–60 лет количество больных без ССЗ уменьшилось до 41%, с АГ II и III стадии возросло до 33% и 17%, с хроническими и острыми формами ИБС составило 6% и 3%. В возрасте 60–75 лет больные без ССЗ составили только 16%, с АГ II и III стадии 43% и 17%, с хроническими и острыми формами ИБС 17% и 7%, соответственно. Наконец, среди лиц старше 75 лет без сопутствующей патологии оказались только единичные больные, с АГ II и III стадий – 40% и 19%, значительно возросло количество пациентов с острыми и хроническими формами ИБС – 23% и 16%, соответственно. Анализ влияния возрастного фактора на летальность выявил статистически достоверную зависимость: в возрастных группах до 45, 46–60, 61–75 и старше 75 лет показатели составили 3,3%, 9,3%, 15,0% и 32,4%, соответственно. Показатель летальности демонстрировал экспоненциальный рост с увеличением возраста, что может быть связано с равномерным распределением больных с АГ среди всех возрастных групп, а пациентов с ИБС преимущественно среди лиц пожилого и старческого возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Возраст является одним из ключевых факторов, определяющих уровень летальности при COVID‑19, однако, детерминирующая его роль носит косвенный характер. Непосредственное влияние на течение и исход коронавирусной инфекции оказывает обширность поражения легких и выраженность сопутствующих АГ и ИБС. С увеличением возраста больных наблюдается не только рост частоты субтотальных поражений легких, но и кумуляция тяжелых стадий и форм АГ и ИБС, осложненных недостаточностью кровообращения. Риск летального исхода, возрастающий экспоненциально с каждым десятилетием жизни, определяется стадией АГ, формой ИБС и степенью выраженности сердечной недостаточности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the significance of the influence of arterial hypertension (AH) and coronary artery disease (CAD) on the course and outcome of the novel coronavirus infection in patients of different age groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The study included 808 patients with COVID‑19, 452 men and 356 women, hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the infectious diseases department of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine during the period from 01.10 to 21.12.2020. Patients were divided into groups according to age: young (18–45 years, n=121), middle-aged (46–60 years, n=268), elderly (61–75 years, n=314), and senile (over 75 years, n=105). In all patients, stage II and III AH, CAD with angina pectoris, previous and acute myocardial infarction were taken into account; indicators of clinical and laboratory studies, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and computed tomography (CT) of the chest organs were evaluated considering the degree of lung involvement. In 110 deceased patients, the severity of lung involvement and the immediate cause of death were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Of the total number of hospitalized patients, those of young, middle-aged, elderly, and senile age accounted for 15 %, 33%, 39%, and 13%, respectively. Among patients under 45 years of age, 68% had no concomitant pathology, 24% had stage II AH and 5% stage III AH, and only isolated patients had chronic and acute forms of CAD. In the age group of 45–60 years, the number of patients without cardiovascular diseases (CVD) decreased to 41%, those with stage II and III AH increased to 33% and 17%, and those with chronic and acute forms of CAD accounted for 6% and 3%. In the age group of 60–75 years, patients without CVD accounted for only 16%, those with stage II and III AH 43% and 17%, and those with chronic and acute forms of CAD17% and 7%, respectively. Finally, among people older than 75 years, only isolated patients had no concomitant pathology; those with stage II and III AH accounted for 40% and 19%, and the number of individuals with acute and chronic forms of CAD increased significantly to 23% and 16%, respectively. Analysis of the influence of the age factor on mortality revealed a statistically significant relationship: in the age groups under 45, 46–60, 61–75, and over 75 years the rates were 3.3%, 9.3%, 15.0%, and 32.4%, respectively. The mortality rate demonstrated an exponential increase with increasing age, which may be associated with a relatively uniform distribution of patients with AH across all age groups, while patients with CAD were predominantly represented among elderly and senile individuals.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Age is one of the key factors determining the mortality rate in COVID‑19; however, its determining role is indirect. The extent of lung involvement and the severity of concomitant AH and CAD exert a direct influence on the course and outcome of coronavirus infection. With increasing patient age, not only is there an increase in the frequency of subtotal lung involvement, but also an accumulation of severe stages and forms of AH and CAD complicated by circulatory failure. The risk of a fatal outcome, increasing exponentially with each decade of life, is determined by the stage of AH, the form of CAD, and the degree of severity of heart failure.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>новая коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID‑19</kwd><kwd>недостаточность кровообращения</kwd><kwd>респираторная поддержка</kwd><kwd>респираторный дистресс-синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>ischemic heart disease</kwd><kwd>COVID‑19</kwd><kwd>circulatory insufficiency</kwd><kwd>respiratory support</kwd><kwd>respiratory distress syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vosko I, Zirlik A, Bugger H. Impact of COVID‑19 on cardiovascular disease. Viruses. 2023; 15 (2): 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15020508</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vosko I, Zirlik A, Bugger H. Impact of COVID‑19 on cardiovascular disease. Viruses. 2023; 15 (2): 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15020508</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tajmirriahi M, Masjedi Esfahani M, Amouaghaei Z, Mansori N, Miralaei P, Lalehzar SS, e al. Cardioembolic stroke, the most common subtype of stroke in COVID19: A single center experience from Isfahan, Iran. J Res Med Sci. 2023; 28: 10. https://doi.org/10.4103/jrms.jrms_594_21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tajmirriahi M, Masjedi Esfahani M, Amouaghaei Z, Mansori N, Miralaei P, Lalehzar SS, e al. Cardioembolic stroke, the most common subtype of stroke in COVID19: A single center experience from Isfahan, Iran. J Res Med Sci. 2023; 28: 10. https://doi.org/10.4103/jrms.jrms_594_21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang JJ, Dong X, Liu GH, Gao YD. Risk and Protective Factors for COVID‑19 Morbidity, Severity, and Mortality. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2023; 64 (1): 90–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016‑022‑08921‑5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang JJ, Dong X, Liu GH, Gao YD. Risk and Protective Factors for COVID‑19 Morbidity, Severity, and Mortality. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2023; 64 (1): 90–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016‑022‑08921‑5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao YD, Ding M, Dong X, Zhang JJ, Kursat Azkur A, Azkur D, et al. Risk factors for severe and critically ill COVID‑19 patients: A review. Allergy. 2021; 76 (2): 428–455. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14657</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao YD, Ding M, Dong X, Zhang JJ, Kursat Azkur A, Azkur D, et al. Risk factors for severe and critically ill COVID‑19 patients: A review. Allergy. 2021; 76 (2): 428–455. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14657</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mughal MS, Kaur IP, Jaffery AR, Dalmacion DL, Wang C, Koyoda S, et al. COVID‑19 patients in a tertiary US hospital: Assessment of clinical course and predictors of the disease severity. Respir Med. 2020; 172: 106130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mughal MS, Kaur IP, Jaffery AR, Dalmacion DL, Wang C, Koyoda S, et al. COVID‑19 patients in a tertiary US hospital: Assessment of clinical course and predictors of the disease severity. Respir Med. 2020; 172: 106130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pijls BG, Jolani S, Atherley A, Derckx RT, Dijkstra JIR, Franssen GHL, et al. Demographic risk factors for COVID‑19 infection, severity, ICU admission and death: a meta-analysis of 59 studies. BMJ Open. 2021; 11 (1): e044640. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen‑2020–044640</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pijls BG, Jolani S, Atherley A, Derckx RT, Dijkstra JIR, Franssen GHL, et al. Demographic risk factors for COVID‑19 infection, severity, ICU admission and death: a meta-analysis of 59 studies. BMJ Open. 2021; 11 (1): e044640. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen‑2020–044640</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw AC, Joshi S, Greenwood H, Panda A, Lord JM. Aging of the innate immune system. Curr Opin Immunol. 2010; 22 (4): 507–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2010.05.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaw AC, Joshi S, Greenwood H, Panda A, Lord JM. Aging of the innate immune system. Curr Opin Immunol. 2010; 22 (4): 507–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2010.05.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng Z, Peng F, Xu B, Zhao J, Liu H, Peng J, et al. Risk factors of critical &amp; mortal COVID‑19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020; 81 (2): e16-e25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng Z, Peng F, Xu B, Zhao J, Liu H, Peng J, et al. Risk factors of critical &amp; mortal COVID‑19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020; 81 (2): e16-e25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonanad C, García-Blas S, Tarazona-Santabalbina F, Sanchis J, Bertomeu-González V, Fácila L, et al. The Effect of Age on Mortality in Patients With COVID‑19: A Meta-Analysis With 611,583 Subjects. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020; 21 (7): 915–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.045</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonanad C, García-Blas S, Tarazona-Santabalbina F, Sanchis J, Bertomeu-González V, Fácila L, et al. The Effect of Age on Mortality in Patients With COVID‑19: A Meta-Analysis With 611,583 Subjects. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020; 21 (7): 915–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.045</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu JT, Leung K, Bushman M, Kishore N, Niehus R, de Salazar PM, et al. Estimating clinical severity of COVID‑19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China. Nat Med. 2020; 26 (4): 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591‑020‑0822‑7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu JT, Leung K, Bushman M, Kishore N, Niehus R, de Salazar PM, et al. Estimating clinical severity of COVID‑19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China. Nat Med. 2020; 26 (4): 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591‑020‑0822‑7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azevedo RB, Botelho BG, Hollanda JVG, Ferreira LVL, Junqueira de Andrade LZ, Oei SSML, et.al. Covid‑19 and the cardiovascular system: a comprehensive review. J Hum Hypertens. 2021; 35 (1): 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371‑020‑0387‑4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azevedo RB, Botelho BG, Hollanda JVG, Ferreira LVL, Junqueira de Andrade LZ, Oei SSML, et.al. Covid‑19 and the cardiovascular system: a comprehensive review. J Hum Hypertens. 2021; 35 (1): 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371‑020‑0387‑4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кештова М. У., Газарян Г. А., Петриков С. С. Влияние артериальной гипертонии и ишемической болезни сердца на течение и исход COVID 19. Медицинский алфавит. Кардиология. Неотложная медицина. 2025; (3): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.33667/2078‑5631‑2025‑3‑7‑11</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keshtova M. U., Gazaryan G.A., Petrikov S.S. The impact of arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease on the course and outcome of COVID19. Medical alphabet. Cardiology. Emergency medicine. 2025; (3): 7–11. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33667/2078‑5631‑2025‑3‑7‑11</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keshtova MU, Gazaryan GA, Petrikov SS. The effect of arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease on the course and outcome of COVID‑19. Medical alphabet. Cardiology. Emergency Medicine. 2025;(3):7–11. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078‑5631‑2025‑3‑7‑11</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keshtova MU, Gazaryan GA, Petrikov SS. The effect of arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease on the course and outcome of COVID‑19. Medical alphabet. Cardiology. Emergency Medicine. 2025;(3):7–11. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078‑5631‑2025‑3‑7‑11</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ameratunga R, Edwards ESJ, Lehnert K, Leung E, Woon ST, Lea E, et al. The Rapidly Expanding Genetic Spectrum of Common Variable Immunodeficiency-Like Disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023; 11 (6): 1646–1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2023.01.048</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ameratunga R, Edwards ESJ, Lehnert K, Leung E, Woon ST, Lea E, et al. The Rapidly Expanding Genetic Spectrum of Common Variable Immunodeficiency-Like Disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023; 11 (6): 1646–1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2023.01.048</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fried JA, Ramasubbu K, Bhatt R, Topkara VK, Clerkin KJ, Horn E, et al. The variety of cardiovascular presentations of COVID‑19. Circulation. 2020; 141 (23): 1930–1936. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047164</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fried JA, Ramasubbu K, Bhatt R, Topkara VK, Clerkin KJ, Horn E, et al. The variety of cardiovascular presentations of COVID‑19. Circulation. 2020; 141 (23): 1930–1936. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047164</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
