medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2026-2-32-36medalphabet-5029Research ArticleСтатьиРоль генов дофаминергической системы в агрессии и асоциальном поведенииThe role of dopaminergic system genes in aggression and antisocial behaviorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-3285ОрловаН. В.OrlovaN. V.

Орлова Наталья Васильевна, д. м. н., проф., проф. кафедры факультетской терапии Института материнства и детства, ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский университет); ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории, ФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет»

Москва

Тюмень

Orlova Natalia V., Dr Med Sci (habil.), professor at Dept of Faculty Therapy of Institute of Motherhood and Childhood, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University); leading researcher at the laboratory, Tyumen State University

Moscow

Tyumen

vrach315@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8452-5522СуворовГ. Н.SuvorovG. N.

Суворов Георгий Николаевич, к. ю. н., начальник управления научной и инновационной работы, заведующий лабораторией

Тюмень

Suvorov Georgy N., PhD in Law, head of Dept of Scientific and Innovative Work, head of the laboratory

Tyumen

ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский университет); ФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет»РоссияN. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University); Tyumen State UniversityRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет»РоссияTyumen State UniversityRussian Federation20261305202602Неврология и психиатрия (1)3236Copyright © Орлова Н.В., Суворов Г.Н., 20262026Орлова Н.В., Суворов Г.Н.Orlova N.V., Suvorov G.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5029

Детерминанты агрессивного поведения человека и преступной агрессии включают генетические факторы и влияние окружающей среды. Эксперименты показали, что проявление агрессивного поведения в значительной степени зависит от уровня дофамина. Приведены результаты исследований генов пяти рецепторов дофамина DRD1–DRD4, гена катехол-О-метилтрансферазы, гена моноаминоксидазы-А, генов, кодирующих ферменты, участвующие в синтезе или деградации дофамина. Результаты большинства исследований подтверждают взаимосвязь генов дофаминергических рецепторов с агрессией, асоциальным поведением, импульсивностью. В то же время ряд исследований не выявили взаимосвязи генов, регулирующих функцию дофамина, с асоциальным поведением. Противоречивость результатов исследований по генетической предрасположенности к антиобщественному поведению может быть связана с рядом методологических проблем и ошибок.

The determinants of aggressive human behavior and criminal aggression include genetic factors and environmental influences. Experiments have shown that the manifestation of aggressive behavior largely depends on the level of dopamine. The results of studies of the genes of five dopamine receptors DRD1–DRD4, the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene, the monoamine oxidase-A gene, and genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis or degradation of dopamine are presented. The results of most studies confirm the relationship of dopaminergic receptor genes with aggression, antisocial behavior, impulsivity. At the same time, a number of studies have not revealed the relationship of genes regulating the function of dopamine with antisocial behavior. The inconsistency of research results on genetic predisposition to antisocial behavior may be associated with a number of methodological problems and errors.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.