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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2026-5-42-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-5017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Физико-химические свойства эритроцитов у пациентов с жировой болезнью печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Physico-chemical properties of erythrocytes in patients with fatty liver disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-3823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кручинина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruchinina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кручинина Маргарита Витальевна, д. м. н., проф., зав. лабораторией гастроэнтерологии, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории гастроэнтерологии, проф. кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kruchinina Margarita V., Dr Med Sci (habil.), professor, head of Gastroenterology Laboratory, leading researcher of Gastroenterology Laborator, professor at Dept of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kruchmargo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-2842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипенко</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipenko</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипенко Марина Федоровна, д. м. н., проф., зав. кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Osipenko Marina F., Dr Med Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ngma@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-4192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Громов Андрей Александрович, к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинических биохимических и гормональных исследованийтерапевтических заболеваний, руководитель Центра профилактики тромбозов</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gromov Andrey A., PhD Med Sci, senior researcher at Laboratory of Clinical Biochemical and Hormonal Studies of Therapeutic Diseases, head of the Center for Thrombosis Prevention</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gromov.center@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букарев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukarev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Букарев Рудольф Александрович, ординатор лаборатории гастроэнтерологии</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bukarev Rudolf A., resident at the Laboratory of Gastroenterology</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.bukarev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН»; ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>Гастроэнтерология и диетология (1)</issue-title><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кручинина М.В., Осипенко М.Ф., Громов А.А., Букарев Р.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кручинина М.В., Осипенко М.Ф., Громов А.А., Букарев Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kruchinina M.V., Osipenko M.F., Gromov A.A., Bukarev R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5017">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/5017</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – изучить ассоциации вязкоупругих, электрических параметров эритроцитов и уровней жирных кислот их мембран, сыворотки крови у пациентов с жировой болезнью печени.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследованы 84 мужчины (средний возраст 48,4±13,9 года) с жировой болезнью печени (ЖБП) различного генеза (алкогольный, неалкогольный, смешанный – алкогольный + метаболический) со степенью фиброза 0–1 (FibroScan® 502 (Echosens, Франция). В соответствии с данными тестов NashTest, AshTest в составе FibroMax, ActiTest в составе FibroTest (BioPredictive, Франция) у 44 пациентов установлена минимальная некровоспалительная активность, у 40 пациентов – выраженная активность. Исследование электрических, вязкоупругих параметров эритроцитов проведено с помощью диэлектрофореза в неоднородном переменном электрическом поле с помощью электрооптической системы детекции клеток. Содержание жирных кислот (ЖК) в мембранах эритроцитов и сыворотке крови определено с помощью методов газовой хроматографии/масс-спектрометрии (Agilent 7000B (США).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При анализе ассоциаций между электрическими, вязкоупругими параметрами эритроцитов и уровнями жирных кислот в их мембране и сыворотке крови установлено, что показатели эритроцитов, отражающие их способность к деформации (амплитуда деформации на частоте 106Гц, степень деформации на частоте 0,5×106Гц), состояние мембран (емкость), величину поверхностного заряда (дипольный момент, скорость движения клеток к электродам), резистентность эритроцитов (поляризуемость на разных частотах электрического поля, относительная поляризуемость), прямо коррелировали с уровнями омега‑3 ПНЖК в мембранах эритроцитов, сыворотке крови как их суммарным содержанием, так и концентрациями отдельных ЖК (эйкозапентаеновой, докозапентаеновой, докозагексаеновой), уровнем мононенасыщенной олеиновой ЖК, а также двух насыщенных ЖК (пентадекановой, маргариновой). Напротив, ассоциации с преобладающей частью насыщенных ЖК, как отдельных (особенно высокодостоверно – с пальмитиновой, стеариновой), так и суммарным содержанием, мононенасыщенных, ненасыщенных, в том числе полиненасыщенных, соотношений омега‑6/омега‑3 ПНЖК, НЖК/ННЖК, НЖК/ПНЖК оказались обратными. Обобщенный показатель жесткости клеток с высокой силой связи и статистической значимости был связан с эритроцитарным содержанием пальмитиновой (С16:0) (r=0,674, p&lt;0,000001), стеариновой (С18:0) (r=0,443, p&lt;0,000006), линолевой (C 18:2n‑6) (r=0,345, p=0,0006), суммарным содержанием насыщенных ЖК (r=0,640, p&lt;0,000001), соотношениями омега‑6/омега‑3 ПНЖК (r=0,605, p&lt;0,000001), НЖК/ПНЖК (r=0,428, p=0,000015). Наиболее тесными для уровня электропроводности мембран оказались корреляции с эритроцитарными уровнями пальмитиновой (r=0,551, p&lt;0,000001), линолевой (r=0,470, p=0,000042), суммарными содержаниями насыщенных (r=0,484, p&lt;0,000001), ненасыщенных (r=0,468, p&lt;0,000001), мононенасыщенных (r=0,504, p&lt;0,000001), омега‑6 ПНЖК (r=0,414, p=0,00003), а также с отношением омега‑6/омега‑3 ПНЖК (r=0,568, p&lt;0,000001). Для индекса агрегации эритроцитов ассоциации высокой силы и статистической значимости выявлены в отношении эритроцитарных концентраций пальмитиновой (С16:0) (r=0,691, p&lt;0,000001), стеариновой (С18:0) (r=0,486, p&lt;0,000001), суммарного содержания НЖК (r=0,672, p&lt;0,000001), соотношений омега‑6/омега‑3 ПНЖК (r=0,611, p&lt;0,000001), НЖК/ННЖК (r=0,475, p&lt;0,000001), НЖК/ПНЖК (r=0,478, p&lt;0,000001). Индексы деструкции эритроцитов оказались прямо связанными с суммарным содержанием ненасыщенных ЖК как в мембранах эритроцитов, так и в сыворотке крови, эритроцитарным уровнем дигомо-γ-линоленовой кислоты (r=0,205, p=0,046) и обратно – с содержанием С15:0 (r= –0,224, p=0,028), С17:0 (r= –0,151, p=0,039) и олеиновой кислоты С18:1; c9 (r= –0,206, p=0,045).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявленные ассоциации свидетельствуют о зависимости структурно-функциональных параметров эритроцитов от уровней и соотношений жирных кислот в их мембранах, сыворотке крови. Ухудшение реологических свойств крови у пациентов с жировой болезнью печени является фактором, ассоциированным с нарастанием гипоксии в ткани печени с потенциалом фиброгенеза и прогрессирования. Возможность модулировать электрические, вязкоупругие параметры эритроцитов с помощью воздействия жирных кислот, в том числе диетических, определяет новые дополнительные таргеты лечения пациентов с жировой болезнью печени.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to study the associations of viscoelastic, electrical parameters of red blood cells and levels of fatty acids in their membranes and blood serum in patients with fatty liver disease.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 84 men (average age 48.4±13.9 years) with fatty liver disease (FLD) of various origins (alcoholic, non-alcoholic, mixedalcohol + metabolic) with fibrosis grade 0–1 (FibroScan® 502 (Echosens, France) were examined. According to the test data from NashTest, AshTest as part of FibroMax, and ActiTest as part of FibroTest (BioPredictive, France), minimal necroinflammatory activity was found in 44 patients, and pronounced activity in 40 patients. The study of the electrical, viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes was carried out using dielectrophoresis in an inhomogeneous alternating electric field using an electro-optical cell detection system. The content of fatty acids (FA) in the membranes of erythrocytes and blood serum was determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Agilent 7000B (USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. When analyzing the associations between the electrical, viscoelastic parameters of red blood cells and the levels of fatty acids in their membrane and blood serum, it was found that the indicators of red blood cells reflecting their ability to deform (amplitude of deformation at a frequency of 106Hz, degree of deformation at a frequency of 0.5×106 Hz), the state of the membranes (capacity), the amount of surface charge (dipole moment, velocity movement of cells to the electrodes), resistance of red blood cells (polarizability at different frequencies of the electric field, relative polarizability) directly correlated with the levels of omega‑3 PUFA in erythrocyte membranes, blood serum, both their total content and concentrations of individual FAs (eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic), the level of monounsaturated oleic FA, as well as two saturated FAs (pentadecanoic, margarine). On the contrary, there are associations with the predominant part of saturated FAs, both individual (especially highly reliable – palmitic, stearic), and the total content of monounsaturated, unsaturated, including polyunsaturated, ratios of omega‑6/ omega‑3 PUFA, SFA/UFA, SFA/PUFA turned out to be the opposite. The summarized rigidity of cells with high binding strength and statistical significance was associated with the erythrocyte content of palmitic acid (C 16:0) (r=0.674, p&lt;0.000001), stearic acid (C 18:0) (r=0.443, p&lt;0.000006), linoleic acid (C 18:2n‑6) (r=0.345, p=0.0006), total saturated fat content (r=0.640, p&lt;0.000001), omega‑6/omega‑3 PUFA ratios (r=0.605, p&lt;0.000001), SFA/PUFA (r=0.428, p=0.000015). The closest correlations for the level of membrane electrical conductivity were with erythrocyte levels of palmitic (r=0.551, p&lt;0.000001), linoleic (r=0.470, p=0.000042), total contents of saturated (r=0.484, p&lt;0.000001), unsaturated (r=0.468, p&lt;0.000001), monounsaturated (r=0.504, p&lt;0.000001), omega‑6 PUFA (r=0.414, p=0.00003), as well as with the omega‑6/omega‑3 PUFA ratio (r=0.568, p&lt;0.000001). For the erythrocyte aggregation index, associations of high strength and statistical significance were found in relation to erythrocyte concentrations of palmitic acid (C 16:0) (r=0.691, p&lt;0.000001), stearic acid (C 18:0) (r=0.486, p&lt;0.000001), total SFA content (r=0.672, p&lt;0.000001), ratios of omega‑6/omega‑3 PUFA (r=0.611, p&lt;0.000001), SFA/UFA (r=0.475, p&lt;0.000001), SFA/PUFA (r=0.478, p&lt;0.000001). The indices of erythrocyte destruction were directly related to the total content of unsaturated FA in both erythrocyte membranes and blood serum, the erythrocyte level of digomo-γ-linolenic acid (r=0.205, p=0.046) and inversely to the content of C 15:0 (r= –0.224, p=0.028), C 17:0 (r= –0.151, p=0.039) and oleic acid C 18:1; c9 (r= –0.206, p=0.045).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The revealed associations indicate the dependence of the structural and functional parameters of red blood cells on the levels and ratios of fatty acids in their membranes and blood serum. Deterioration of the rheological properties of blood in patients with fatty liver disease is a factor associated with an increase in hypoxia in liver tissue with the potential for fibrogenesis and progression. The ability to modulate the electrical, viscoelastic parameters of red blood cells by exposure to fatty acids, including dietary ones, defines new additional treatment targets for patients with fatty liver disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>мембраны эритроцитов</kwd><kwd>сыворотка</kwd><kwd>электрические</kwd><kwd>вязкоупругие параметры эритроцитов</kwd><kwd>ассоциации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>fatty acids</kwd><kwd>erythrocyte membranes</kwd><kwd>serum</kwd><kwd>electrical</kwd><kwd>viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes</kwd><kwd>associations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена по Государственному заданию в рамках бюджетной темы «Изучение молекулярно-генетических и молекулярно-биологических механизмов развития распространенных терапевтических заболеваний в Сибири для совершенствования подходов к их ранней диагностике и профилактике», 2024–2028 гг. (FWNR‑2024–0004).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Funding source. The work was carried out under the State assignment within the framework of the budget theme «Study of molecular genetic and molecular biological mechanisms of development of common therapeutic diseases in Siberia to improve approaches to their early diagnosis and prevention», 2024–2028 (FWNR‑2024–0004).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маев И. В., Андреев Д. Н., Кучерявый Ю. А. Метаболически ассоциированная жировая болезнь печени – заболевание XXI века. Consilium Medicum. 2022; 24 (5): 325–332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maev IV, Andreev DN, Kucheryavy Yu A. Metabolically associated fatty liver disease – a disease of the 21st century. Consilium Medicum. 2022; 24 (5): 325–332. (In Russ.). 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