medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2026-1-23-30medalphabet-4904Research ArticleСтатьиСравнительный анализ моделей медикаментозного остеонекроза челюстей в эксперименте на грызунах. Обзор литературыComparative analysis of models of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in a rodent experiment. Literature reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-8525СпевакЕ. М.SpevakE. M.

Спевак Елена Михайловна – к.м.н., ассистент кафедры хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии; врач-челюстно-лицевой хирург отделения челюстно-лицевой хирургии

г. Ставрополь

Spevak Elena M. – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery; maxillofacial surgeon of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery

Stavropol

cymbal.elena@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-7453ХристофорандоД. Ю.HristoforandoD. Y.

Христофорандо Дмитрий Юрьевич – д.м.н., профессор кафедры хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии; заведующий отделением челюстно-лицевой хирургии

г. Ставрополь

Hristoforando Dmitry Y. – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor of The Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery; Head of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery

Stavropol

dima-plastic@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-6986ГандылянК. С.GandylyanK. S.

Гандылян Кристина Семеновна – к.м.н., заведующая кафедрой хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии

г. Ставрополь

Gandylyan Kristina S. – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery

Stavropol

gandylyanks@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7213-679XМуратоваА. Ю.MuratovaA. Y.

Муратова Анна Юрьевна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры клинической биохимии; заведующая отделением лабораторной диагностики

г. Ставрополь

Muratova Anna Y. – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Head of the Laboratory Diagnostics Department

Stavropol

anna.murato@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-6239-0528ФаргиевИ. Б.FargievI. B.

Фаргиев Ибрагим Бисланович – ассистент кафедры хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии

г. Ставрополь

Fargiev Ibragim B.1 – Assistant of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery

Stavropol

fargievibragim@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; ГБУЗ СК «Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» г. СтаврополяРоссияStavropol State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia; City clinical hospital of emergency medical careRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава РоссииРоссияStavropol State Medical University Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation20260204202601Стоматология (1)2330Copyright © Спевак Е.М., Христофорандо Д.Ю., Гандылян К.С., Муратова А.Ю., Фаргиев И.Б., 20262026Спевак Е.М., Христофорандо Д.Ю., Гандылян К.С., Муратова А.Ю., Фаргиев И.Б.Spevak E.M., Hristoforando D.Y., Gandylyan K.S., Muratova A.Y., Fargiev I.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4904

Бисфосфонаты и деносумаб являются эффективными антирезорбтивными препаратами, которые включены в клинические рекомендации по лечению остеопороза, а также метастатического поражения костей скелета у онкологических пациентов, как в нашей стране, так и за рубежом. Их применение оправдано с целью лечения и профилактики патологических переломов, гиперкальциемии, хронического болевого синдрома. Серьезным осложнением применения антирезорбтивных препаратов является остеонекроз челюстей. Развитие данного осложнения успешно подтверждено в экспериментах на грызунах, сведения о которых проанализированы с использование баз данных PubMed и eLIBRARY.RU. Моделирование медикаментозного остеонекроза челюстей является важным этапом изучения данной проблемы и позволяет отследить звенья патогенеза, возможности диагностики, лечения и профилактики. В обзоре проведен анализ различных нюансов эксперимента по моделированию медикаментозного остеонекроза челюстей на грызунах – выбор препарата и его комбинаций с потенцирующими веществами, применение различных хирургических триггеров, авторская интерпретация полученных результатов с точки зрения общеупотребительной терминологии и стадирования медикаментозного остеонекроза челюстей, а также результаты различных видов исследования полученных образцов тканей. Основной вопрос реализации подобных экспериментов – подбор дозировки золедроновой кислоты – также подробно рассмотрен в данной статье. Многообразие различных подходов исследователей к воспроизведению остеонекроза челюстей на фоне применения антирезорбтивных средств является свидетельством упорной работы многочисленных лабораторий различных стран мира и подтверждает, что данная проблема далека от решения. Стандартизированная модель медикаментозного остеонекроза челюстей на грызунах, которая точно отражала бы клинические условия, на сегодняшний день не разработана.

Bisphosphonates and denosumab are effective antiresorptive drugs that are included in clinical guidelines for the treatment of osteoporosis, as well as metastatic bone damage in cancer patients, both in our country and abroad. Their use is justified for the treatment and prevention of pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and chronic pain syndrome. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a serious complication of the use of antiresorptive drugs. The development of this complication has been successfully confirmed in experiments on rodents, information about which has been analyzed using PubMed databases and eLIBRARY.RU. Modeling of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is an important stage in the study of this problem and allows us to trace the links of pathogenesis, the possibilities of diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The review analyzes various nuances of the experiment on modeling medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in rodents: the choice of a drug and its combinations with potentiating substances, the use of various surgical triggers, the author’s interpretation of the results obtained in terms of common terminology and staging of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, as well as the results of various types of studies of the obtained tissue samples. The main issue of implementing such experiments – the selection of the dosage of zoledronic acid – is also discussed in detail in this article. The variety of different approaches of researchers to the reproduction of osteonecrosis of the jaw against the background of the use of antiresorptive agents is evidence of the hard work of numerous laboratories around the world and confirms that this problem is far from being solved. A standardized model of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in rodents that accurately reflects the clinical conditions has not been developed to date.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.