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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-30-104-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4801</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>3D-цефалометрический анализ размеров и форм входных отверстий глазниц: одноцентровое поперечное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>3D cephalometric analysis of orbital aperture dimensions and shapes: a single-center cross-sectional study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9337-855X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чантырь</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chantyr</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чантырь Иван Владимирович  – заведующий отделением челюстно-лицевой хирургии; ведущий специалист организационно-методического отдела постоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Chantyr – Head of the Department of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Surgery; Leading Specialist of the Organizational and Methodological Department of the Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7330-2954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завгороднев</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavgorodnev</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Завгороднев Кирилл Дмитриевич– начальник Управления организации медицинской помощи по стоматологии; ассистент кафедры челюстно-лицевой хирургии и стоматологии</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill D. Zavgorodnev – Head of the Department for the Organization of Medical Care in Dentistry; Assistant at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-1909</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельченко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belchenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бельченко Виктор Алексеевич – д.м.н., профессор, главный внештатный специалист по челюстно-лицевой хирургии, заместитель главного врача по челюстно-лицевой хирургии </p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor A. Belchenko – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Main specialist in Maxillofacial Surgery, Chief doctor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6238-9840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелоян</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meloian</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мелоян Мери Татуловна – врач челюстно-лицевой хирург отделения челюстно-лицевой хирургии</p><p>г. Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Meri T. Meloian – Maxillofacial surgeon, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery No. 2 </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mery.meloyan.1999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.И. Пирогова; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov; &#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>30</issue><issue-title>Стоматология (4)</issue-title><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чантырь И.В., Завгороднев К.Д., Бельченко В.А., Мелоян М.Т., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чантырь И.В., Завгороднев К.Д., Бельченко В.А., Мелоян М.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chantyr I.V., Zavgorodnev K.D., Belchenko V.A., Meloian M.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4801">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4801</self-uri><abstract><p>Морфометрические параметры глазницы имеют клиническое значение при травматических повреждениях, врожденных аномалиях, опухолевых процессах и других заболеваниях. Морфология входных отверстий глазниц отличается индивидуальной и популяционной вариабельностью. Несмотря на наличие публикаций, исследования цефалометрических параметров глазниц на основе трехмерной (3D) компьютерной томографии (КТ) остаются ограниченными. </p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить размеры и формы входных отверстий глазниц с использованием 3D-цефалометрического анализа. </p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проведено одноцентровое поперечное исследование, включавшее КТ-данные взрослых пациентов. Проводились цефалометрические измерения линейных и угловых параметров глазниц, рассчитывались индексы лица и глазниц, определялись формы входных отверстий глазниц, глазничной камеры и верхнего края глазниц. Элемент автоматизированного анализа изображений был реализован на основе алгоритмов искусственного интеллекта. Статистическая обработка данных осуществлялась с использованием методов описательной и сравнительной статистики при уровне значимости p &lt; 0,05. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследование вошли 300 пациентов, включая 150 мужчин и 150 женщин в возрасте от 18 до 45 лет (средний возраст 31,8 ± 7,6 года; различий между полами по возрасту не выявлено, p&gt;0,05). Установлено отсутствие статистически значимых межполовых различий по линейным размерам глазниц. Параметры лица достоверно больше у мужчин (p&lt;0,001). Индекс глазницы слева выше у мужчин (p=0,037), однако после поправки достоверность не сохранялась. Межглазничное расстояние оказалось больше у мужчин (p&lt;0,001). Преобладающим типом глазниц являлся мегасемный (72–81%), наиболее частой формой глазничной апертуры – прямоугольная. Углы инклинации и положения скуло-глазнично-верхнечелюстного комплекса не демонстрировали полового диморфизма. Корреляция между лицевым и глазничными индексами не выявлена. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенное исследование представляет совокупный 3D-цефалометрический анализ размеров и форм входных отверстий глазниц. Получены данные демонстрируют высокую стабильность морфометрических характеристик глазниц при минимальном половом диморфизме, формируют региональные эталонные нормативы и обладают клинической значимостью. Результаты имеют прикладное значение для планирования реконструктивно-восстановительных вмешательств, а также могут найти свое применение в судебно-медицинской экспертизе и антропологии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Orbital morphometric parameters are of clinical importance in cases of traumatic injuries, congenital anomalies, tumors, and other pathological conditions. The morphology of the orbital apertures demonstrates both individual and population variability. Despite the presence of several publications, studies of cephalometric orbital parameters based on three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) remain limited. </p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the dimensions and shapes of orbital apertures using 3D cephalometric analysis. </p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted, including CT data of adult patients. Cephalometric measurements of linear and angular orbital parameters were performed; facial and orbital indices were calculated; the shapes of orbital apertures, orbital cavity, and supraorbital margin were determined. Automated image analysis was implemented using artificial intelligence algorithms. Statistical processing was performed using descriptive and comparative methods at a significance level of p&lt;0.05. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study included 300 patients, comprising 150 males and 150 females aged 18–45 years (mean age 31.8 ± 7.6 years; no significant sex differences in age, p&gt;0.05). No statistically significant sex-related differences in linear orbital dimensions were observed. Facial parameters were significantly greater in males (p&lt;0.001). The left orbital index was higher in males (p=0.037), although the difference lost significance after multiple comparison adjustment. Interorbital distance was greater in males (p&lt;0.001). The predominant orbital type was megaseme (72–81%), and the most frequent aperture shape was rectangular. Orbital inclination and zygomatico-orbito-maxillary complex angulation showed no sexual dimorphism. No correlation was found between the facial and orbital indices.</p></sec><sec><title> Conclusion</title><p> Conclusion. This study presents a comprehensive 3D cephalometric analysis of orbital aperture dimensions and shapes. The findings demonstrate high stability of orbital morphometric characteristics with minimal sexual dimorphism, establish regional normative reference values, and highlight clinical significance. The results are applicable for planning reconstructive procedures and may also be used in forensic examinations and anthropological research.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глазница</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>цефалометрия</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>челюстно-лицевая хирургия.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orbit</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>cephalometry</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>maxillofacial surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cornelius C.P., Probst F., Metzger M.C., Gooris P.J.J. Anatomy of the orbits: skeletal features and some notes on the periorbital lining. 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