medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2025-36-15-23medalphabet-4706Research ArticleСтатьиРоль витаминов группы В и магния в поддержании здоровья нервной системыThe role of B vitamins and magnesium in maintaining a healthy nervous systemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-0333НикитинаЕ. А.NikitinaE. A.

Никитина Елена Александровна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры диетологии и клинической нутрициологии, научный сотрудник, эксперт Методического аккредитационно-симуляционного центра

Москва

Nikitina Elena A., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, research fellow, expert of Methodological Accreditation and Simulation Center

Moscow

nikitina-ea1@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-3591ОрловаС. В.OrlovaS. V.

Орлова Светлана Владимировна, д. м. н., проф., зав. кафедрой диетологии и клинической нутрициологии, главный научный сотрудник

Москва

Orlova Svetlana V., Dr Med Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutritiology, Chief Researcher

Moscow

orlova-sv@rudn.ruФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН); ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр детской психоневрологии Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава РоссииРоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University); Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Dept of Health; National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive MedicineRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН); ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр детской психоневрологии Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University); Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Psychoneurology of the Moscow Dept of HealthRussian Federation202502122025036«Современная поликлиника» (2)1523Copyright © Никитина Е.А., Орлова С.В., 20252025Никитина Е.А., Орлова С.В.Nikitina E.A., Orlova S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4706

Нарушения психического и когнитивного здоровья имеют общую биологическую основу – от дисбаланса нейромедиаторов до метаболических дисфункций. Современные эпидемиологические данные свидетельствуют о масштабном распространении этих состояний, особенно после пандемии, когда у значительной части населения возникли стойкие эмоциональные и когнитивные последствия. Важным модулирующим фактором выступает питание: дефицит микронутриентов, в первую очередь витаминов группы В и магния, может запускать патологические каскады, ведущие к нейродегенерации и психическим расстройствам. Экспериментальные и клинические исследования подтверждают, что адекватное поступление этих веществ способствует стабилизации настроения, улучшению памяти и защите нейронов. Это делает микронутриентную поддержку перспективным направлением в профилактике как психических, так и нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Особое значение при этом приобретают активные формы витаминов, которые обеспечивают более эффективное усвоение и метаболическую активность, особенно у лиц с генетическими полиморфизмами, нарушающими превращение стандартных форм витаминов в их активные коферменты.

Disorders of mental and cognitive health share a common biological basis – from neurotransmitter imbalances to metabolic dysfunctions. Contemporary epidemiological data indicate the widespread prevalence of these conditions, particularly in the post-pandemic period, when a considerable portion of the population developed persistent emotional and cognitive sequelae. Nutrition plays a crucial modulating role: deficiencies in micronutrients, especially B vitamins and magnesium, can trigger pathological cascades leading to neurodegeneration and psychiatric disorders. Experimental and clinical studies confirm that adequate intake of these nutrients supports mood stabilization, enhances memory, and protects neurons. This positions micronutrient supplementation as a promising strategy in the prevention of both psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Of particular importance are the active forms of vitamins, which ensure better absorption and immediate metabolic availability, especially in individuals with genetic polymorphisms that impair the conversion of standard vitamin forms into their active coenzyme counterparts.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.