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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-25-59-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4696</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности магнитно-резонансной спектроскопии в выявлении метаболических нарушений кишечника у пациентов в критическом состоянии: пилотные результаты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Capabilities of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in detecting bowel metabolic disorders in critically ill patients: pilot results</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6908-6605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ореховская</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhovskaia</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ореховская Алина Геннадьевна, аспирант кафедры лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии</p><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orekhovskaia Alina G., postgraduate student at Dept of Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy</p><p>Smolensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina_orehovslaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-5300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозова Татьяна Геннадьевна, д. м. н., зав. кафедрой лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии; врач-рентгенолог</p><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Morozova Tatyana G., DM Sci (habil.), head of Dept of Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy; radiologist</p><p>Smolensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ОГБУЗ «Клиническая больница No 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University; Clinical Hospital No 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>25</issue><issue-title>«Гастроэнтерология и диетология» (3)</issue-title><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ореховская А.Г., Морозова Т.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ореховская А.Г., Морозова Т.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orekhovskaia A.G., Morozova T.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4696">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4696</self-uri><abstract><p>При развитии критических состояний у пациентов, находящихся в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии, контроль «органа- мишени» – кишечника приобретает особое значение, поскольку нарушения его функции могут усугублять течение основного заболевания и способствовать развитию полиорганной недостаточности.</p><p>Цель исследования – определить возможности магнитно-резонансной спектроскопии (МРС) в выявлении метаболических нарушений кишечника у пациентов в критическом состоянии.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. 32 пациентам в критическом состоянии, находящимся на стационарном лечении в реанимационном отделении ОГБУЗ «Клиническая больница № 1» г. Смоленска, проведена магнитно-резонансная томография кишечника по стандартному протоколу магнитно-резонансного исследования органов брюшной полости с обязательным включением в протокол протонной магнитно- резонансной спектроскопии по основным метаболитам стенки кишечника. Группа сравнения включала (n=21) здоровых добровольцев без каких-либо заболеваний со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявляемое при МРС стенки кишечника снижение концентрации холина, креатина, липидов в течение 24–48 ч приводило к нарушению окислительно-восстановительного баланса макроорганизма, находящегося в критическом состоянии, что, в свою очередь, провоцировало развитие или прогрессирование печеночно-клеточной недостаточности. При прогнозировании развития паралитической кишечной непроходимости или висцеральной гиперчувствительности кишечника в группе пациентов в раннем послеоперационном периоде выявлен дифференциальный паттерн изменения уровней цитрата и лактата, условно названный нами «эффект ножниц»: уровень цитрата возрастает, уровень лактата отрицательный – паралитическая кишечная непроходимость; при обратном варианте – висцеральная гиперчувствительность кишечника.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пилотное исследование подтвердило, что МРС является высокоинформативным методом ранней диагностики метаболических нарушений кишечника у критических больных. Снижение уровня холина, креатина и липидов в стенке кишечника выявлялось в первые часы после поступления в отделение реанимации. Выявлен дифференциальный «эффект ножниц» (соотношение цитрат/лактат), позволяющий различать паралитическую непроходимость и висцеральную гиперчувствительность (AUC=0,94). Динамика N-ацетиласпартата служила маркером нарушения окислительного гомеостаза. Методика на основе стандартного протокола МРТ позволяет перейти к целевой коррекции выявленных метаболических дефицитов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), monitoring the «target organ» – the intestines – becomes particularly important, as impaired intestinal function can exacerbate the underlying disease and contribute to the development of multiple organ failure.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine the capabilities of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in detecting bowel metabolic disorders in critically ill patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Thirty-two (32) critically ill patients hospitalized in the ICU of the «Clinical Hospital No. 1» in Smolensk underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the bowel. The examination followed a standard protocol for magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen, with the mandatory inclusion of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ('H-MRS) for the major metabolites of the intestinal wall. The comparison group included twenty-one (n=21) healthy volunteers without any gastrointestinal diseases. The following major metabolites of the intestinal wall were assessed using MRS: choline, creatine, lipids, glutamine/glutamate, citrate, lactate, aspartate, and N-acetylaspartate (NAA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The MRS-detected decrease in the concentration of choline, creatine, and lipids in the intestinal wall within 24–48 hours leads to an imbalance in the redox balance of the critically ill macroorganism, which triggers the development or progression of hepatocellular failure. For predicting the development of paralytic ileus or visceral hypersensitivity in patients during the early postoperative period, a «scissors effect» was evaluated: an increase in citrate levels with negative lactate levels indicates paralytic ileus; the opposite pattern indicates visceral hypersensitivity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Pilot study confirmed that magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a highly informative method for the early diagnosis of bowel metabolic disorders in critically ill patients. A decrease in the levels of choline, creatine, and lipids in the intestinal wall is detected within the first hours of admission to the ICU. A differential «scissors effect» (citrate/lactate ratio) was identified, enabling differentiation between paralytic ileus and visceral hypersensitivity (AUC=0.94). The dynamics of N-acetylaspartate serve as a marker of impaired oxidative homeostasis. The methodology, based on a standard MRI protocol, allows for a transition to the targeted correction of the identified metabolic deficiencies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>протонная магнитно-резонансная спектроскопия кишечника</kwd><kwd>метаболиты стенки кишечника</kwd><kwd>метаболический спектр стенки кишечника</kwd><kwd>критические состояния</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the bowel</kwd><kwd>intestinal wall metabolites</kwd><kwd>metabolic spectrum of the intestinal wall</kwd><kwd>critical conditions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vincent J. L., Marshall J. C., Namendys-Silva S.A. et al. Assessment of the worldwide burden of critical illness: the Intensive Care Over Nations (ICON). 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(In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
