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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-27-39-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4690</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробиологический профиль, антибиотикорезистентность и использование антибактериальных препаратов у пациентов с сепсисом, длительно находящихся в условиях ОРИТ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microbiological profile, antimicrobial resistance, and use of antibacterial agents in septic patients with prolonged ICU stay</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3792-1682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ядгаров</surname><given-names>М. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yadgarov</surname><given-names>M. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ядгаров Михаил Яковлевич, к. м. н., зам. руководителя по инновациям НИИ реабилитологии им. проф. И. В. Пряникова; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клинических исследований и интеллектуальных информационных технологий,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yadgarov Mikhail Ya., PhD Med, Deputy Director for Innovation of Institute of Rehabilitation named after prof. I. V. Pryanikov, Leading Researcher at Dept of Clinical Trials and Intelligent Information Technologies,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myadgarov@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-5015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменева</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kameneva</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каменева Татьяна Рудольфовна, к. м. н., ст. научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения коморбидности и инфекционных осложнений НИИ реабилитологии им. проф. И. В. Пряникова,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kameneva Tatiana R., PhD Med, Senior Researcher at Laboratory for the Study of Comorbidity and Infectious Complications of Institute of Rehabilitation named after Prof. I. V. Pryanikov,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2328-1610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белобородова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloborodova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белобородова Наталья Владимировна, д. м. н., проф., зав. лабораторией метаболизма при критических состояниях НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Beloborodova Natalia V., DM Sci (habil.), Professor, Head of Laboratory of Metabolism in Critical Conditions at V. A. Negovsky Institute of General Reanimatology,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9267-3664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берикашвили</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berikashvili</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Берикашвили Леван Бондоевич, к. м. н., ст. научный сотрудник лаборатории клинических исследований и интеллектуальных информационных технологий,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Berikashvili Levan B., PhD Med, Senior Researcher at Dept of Clinical Trials and Intelligent Information Technologies,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-8913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьев</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuryev</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрьев Михаил Юрьевич, к. м. н., зав. лабораторией изучения коморбидности и инфекционных осложнений НИИ реабилитологии им. проф. И. В. Пряникова,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuryev Mikhail Yu., PhD Med, Head of Laboratory for the Study of Comorbidity and Infectious Complications of Institute of Rehabilitation named after Prof. I. V. Pryanikov,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5504-8122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базанович</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazanovich</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Базанович Сергей Александрович, мл. научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения коморбидности и инфекционных осложнений НИИ реабилитологии им. проф. И. В. Пряникова,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bazanovich Sergey A., MD, Junior Researcher at Laboratory for the Study of Comorbidity and Infectious Complications of Institute of Rehabilitation named after Prof. I. V. Pryanikov,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8482-1249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлев Алексей Александрович, к. м. н., первый зам. директора, руководитель НИИ реабилитологии им. проф. И. В. Пряникова,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakovlev Alexey A., PhD Med, First Deputy Director, Head of Institute of Rehabilitation named after Prof. I. V. Pryanikov,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5442-6950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихванцев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhvantsev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лихванцев Валерий Владимирович, д. м. н., проф., зам. руководителя НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского по научной работе; зав лабораторией клинических исследований и интеллектуальных информационных технологий,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Likhvantsev Valery V., DM Sci (habil.), Professor, Deputy Director for Research at V. A. Negovsky Institute of General Reanimatology, head of Dept of Clinical Trials and Intelligent Information Technologies,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии» (ФНКЦ РР)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology (FNCC RR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>27</issue><issue-title>Кардиология. Неотложная медицина (3)</issue-title><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ядгаров М.Я., Каменева Т.Р., Белобородова Н.В., Берикашвили Л.Б., Юрьев М.Ю., Базанович С.А., Яковлев А.А., Лихванцев В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ядгаров М.Я., Каменева Т.Р., Белобородова Н.В., Берикашвили Л.Б., Юрьев М.Ю., Базанович С.А., Яковлев А.А., Лихванцев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yadgarov M.Y., Kameneva T.R., Beloborodova N.V., Berikashvili L.B., Yuryev M.Y., Bazanovich S.A., Yakovlev A.A., Likhvantsev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4690">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4690</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Сепсис у пациентов, длительно находящихся в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ), сопровождается высокой летальностью и потребностью в продолжительной антибактериальной терапии. Данные о микробиологическом профиле и динамике  антибиотикорезистентности у септических пациентов в продленном и хроническом критическом состоянии остаются ограниченными.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить микробиологический профиль, потребление антибактериальных препаратов и динамику антибиотикорезистентности у пациентов с сепсисом, длительно находившихся в условиях ОРИТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ базы данных RICD v2.0 (ФНКЦ РР, 2017–2024 гг.). В исследование включались пациенты с верифицированным сепсисом по критериям Sepsis-3, находившиеся в ОРИТ ≥24 ч. Извлекались данные о микробиологических исследованиях, назначениях антимикробной терапии, а также результатах оценки антибиотикорезистентности. Потребление антибактериальных препаратов рассчитывалось в стандартизованных единицах DDD/100 койко-дней. Интегральная оценка резистентности проводилась с использованием индекса лекарственной устойчивости (ИЛУ, Drug Resistance Index – DRI).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В анализ включены 336 пациентов (медианный возраст 64 года; мужчины – 43,5 %, медиана длительности пребывания в ОРИТ 44 сут). Ведущими возбудителями являлись Klebsiella pneumoniae и Pseudomonas aeruginosa. В динамике потребления парентеральных препаратов за 2022–2024 гг. отмечался рост использования аминогликозидов, цефалоспоринов, ко-тримоксазола, линезолида и тигециклина при снижении применения карбапенемов, левофлоксацина и метронидазола. Устойчивость к цефтазидиму+авибактаму возросла с 37 до 87 % (p=0,004), тогда как доля резистентных штаммов к тигециклину, ванкомицину и гентамицину снизилась (p&lt;0,01). Интегральный показатель ИЛУ составил 32,6 % в 2022 г., 41,2 % в 2023 г. и 34,1 % в 2024 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Исследование показало, что у пациентов с сепсисом в условиях длительного пребывания в ОРИТ сохраняется высокий уровень антибиотикорезистентности при доминировании грамотрицательной флоры. Каждое третье эмпирическое назначение антибактериальной терапии сопровождалось наличием антибиотикорезистентности со стороны инфекционного агента. Полученные данные подчеркивают необходимость регулярного микробиологического мониторинга, оптимизации стратегии контроля антимикробной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Sepsis in patients with prolonged or chronic critical illness is associated with a high mortality and prolonged exposure to antimicrobial therapy. However, data on the microbiological profile and trends in antimicrobial resistance in this population remain limited.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the microbiological profile, antimicrobial consumption, and dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in patients with sepsis who experienced prolonged stays in intensive care units (ICUs).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We performed an analysis of the Russian Intensive Care Dataset (RICD v2.0, FNCC RR, 2017–2024). The study included patients with confirmed sepsis according to Sepsis-3 criteria who remained in the ICU for ≥24 hours. Data on microbiological testing, antimicrobial prescriptions, and resistance patterns were extracted. Antimicrobial consumption was quantified using standardized units of DDD per 100 bed-days. Integrated resistance was assessed using the Drug Resistance Index (DRI).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 336 patients were included (median age 64 years; male – 43.5 %, median ICU stay 44 days). The leading causative pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Between 2022 and 2024, consumption of aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, cotrimoxazole, linezolid, and tigecycline increased, while use of carbapenems, levofloxacin, and metronidazole declined. Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam rose from 37 % to 87 % (p=0.004), whereas resistance rates decreased for tigecycline, vancomycin, and gentamicin (p&lt;0.01). The overall DRI reached 32.6 % in 2022, 41.2 % in 2023, and 34.1 % in 2024.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. This study demonstrates persistently high levels of antimicrobial resistance among septic patients with prolonged ICU stays, with a predominance of Gram-negative pathogens in the etiological structure of infections. Every third empirical prescription of antibiotic therapy was accompanied by resistance of the infectious agent. These findings highlight the need for continuous microbiological surveillance, optimization of antimicrobial stewardship programs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сепсис</kwd><kwd>хроническое критическое состояние</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>DDD</kwd><kwd>микробиологический профиль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sepsis</kwd><kwd>chronic critical illness</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial resistance</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial therapy</kwd><kwd>DDD</kwd><kwd>microbiological profile</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evans L., Rhodes A., Alhazzani W., Antonelli M., Coopersmith C. M., French C., Machado F. R., Mcintyre L., Levy M. et al. 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