<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-26-21-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности наследственных и модифицируемых факторов риска при раке яичников различных гистотипов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of hereditary and modifiable risk factors in ovarian cancer of different histotypes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8204-705X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Графская</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grafskaya</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Графская Мария Юрьевна, к. м. н., докторант</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grafskaya Maria Yu., PhD Med, doctoral student</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariagrafskaja@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1397-837X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Алексей Юрьевич, д. м. н., профессор, заместитель генерального директора</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksimov Alexey Yu., DM Sci (habil.), professor, deputy general director</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksei.maxim0w@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1084-5176</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вереникина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Verenikina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вереникина Екатерина Владимировна, д. м. н., зав отделением онкогинекологи</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Verenikina Ekaterina V., DM Sci (habil.), head of Dept of Oncogynecology</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekat.veren@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3545-9359</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демидова Александра Александровна, д. м. н., доцент, зав. кафедрой медицинской физики, математики и информационных технологий</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Demidova Alexandra A., DM Sci (habil.), associate professor, Head of Dept of Medical Physics, Mathematics and Information Technology</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alald@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4410-1677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логвин</surname><given-names>Ф. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logvin</surname><given-names>F. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Логвин Федор Васильевич, к. м. н., доцент, зав. кафедрой эпидемиологии</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Logvin Fedor V., PhD Med, associate professor, head of Dept of Epidemiology</p><p>Rostov-on-Do</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">logvin_fv@rostgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6358-7361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимошкина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshkina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимошкина Наталья Николаевна, к. м. н., зав. лабораторией молекулярной онкологии</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timoshkina Natalia N., PhD Med, head of the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_timoshkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-3288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бова</surname><given-names>Ф. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bova</surname><given-names>F. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бова Филипп Сергеевич, д. м. н., ассистент кафедры урологии и репродуктивного здоровья человека (с курсом детской урологии-андрологии)</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bova Filipp S., DM Sci (habil.), assistant professor at Dept of Urology and Human Reproductive Health (with a Course in Pediatric Urology-Andrology)</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bova_fs@rostgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>26</issue><issue-title>Диагностика и онкотерапия (3)</issue-title><elocation-id>21‑24</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Графская М.Ю., Максимов А.Ю., Вереникина Е.В., Демидова А.А., Логвин Ф.В., Тимошкина Н.Н., Бова Ф.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Графская М.Ю., Максимов А.Ю., Вереникина Е.В., Демидова А.А., Логвин Ф.В., Тимошкина Н.Н., Бова Ф.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grafskaya M.Y., Maksimov A.Y., Verenikina E.V., Demidova A.A., Logvin F.V., Timoshkina N.N., Bova F.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4655">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4655</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Выявить сопряжение между носительством мутаций генов BRCA1/2 и гистологическим типом рака яичников, а также морбидным ожирением как фактором риска.Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 635 больных с эпителиальным инвазивным раком яичников. Анализировали результаты гистологического исследования операционных образцов, рост и вес. Для выявления мутаций в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 исследовали лимфоциты венозной периферической крови и ткань злокачественной опухоли, полученной при операции. Определяли полиморфизмы генов BRCA1 и BRCA2 по 8 точкам методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени.Результаты. Герминальные мутации генов BRCA1/2 в крови выявлены в 13,5 %. В подгруппах пациентов с носительством мутаций генов BRCA1 и BRCA2 в преобладающем числе случаев встречалась серозная карцинома яичников (86,7 и 81,8 % соответственно). При генетическом исследовании раковых клеток операционных образцов мутации генов BRCA1 и BRCA2 выявлены в 21,9 %. У 53 женщин мутации изучаемых генов обнаружены только в опухолевой ткани, но не в крови, что позволило отнести их к соматическим. Частота морбидного ожирения среди пациентов со спонтанными мутациями (20,75 %) выше (р=0,05), чем у женщин с герминальными мутациями генов BRCA1/2 (8,1 %).Выводы. Герминальные мутации генов BRCA1 и BRCA2 встречаются в 13,5 % и сопряжены с развитием серозной карциномы яичников. Морбидное ожирение выступает фактором риска спонтанных мутаций репарационных генов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose of the study. To identify the association between the carriage of BRCA1/2 gene mutations and the histological type of ovarian cancer, as well as morbid obesity as a risk factor.Materials and methods. The study included 635 patients with epithelial invasive ovarian cancer. The results of histological examination of surgical specimens, height and weight were analyzed. To identify mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, lymphocytes of venous peripheral blood and malignant tumor tissue obtained during surgery were examined. Polymorphisms of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were determined at 8 points using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. Germinal mutations of the BRCA1/2 genes in the blood were detected in 13,5 %. In the subgroups of patients carrying mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, serous ovarian carcinoma was encountered in the predominant number of cases (86,7 and 81,8 % respectively). Genetic analysis of cancer cells from surgical specimens revealed mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in 21,9 %. In 53 women, mutations in the studied genes were detected only in the tumor tissue, but not in the blood, which allowed them to be classified as somatic. The incidence of morbid obesity among patients with spontaneous mutations (20,75 %) is higher (p=0,05) than in women with germline mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes (8,1 %).Conclusions. Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes occur in 13,5 % and are associated with the development of serous ovarian carcinoma. Morbid obesity is a risk factor for spontaneous mutations in repair genes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак яичников</kwd><kwd>морбидное ожирение</kwd><kwd>мутации генов</kwd><kwd>гистологический тип опухоли</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ovarian cancer</kwd><kwd>morbid obesity</kwd><kwd>gene mutations</kwd><kwd>histological type of tumor</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Строганова А. М., Поспехова Н. И., Головина Д. А., Черепанова И. С., Дранко С. Л., Филиппова М. Г. Анализ результатов многолетнего массового скрининга мутаций в генах BRCA1/2 у больных с различными типами злокачественных новообразований. РМЖ. Медицинское обозрение. 2022; 6 (6): 297–308.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stroganova A. M., Pospekhova N. I., Golovina D. A., Cherepanova I. S., Dranko S. L., Filippova M. G. Review of the results of mass screening for the BRCA1/2 gene mutations in patients with different types of malignant neoplasms. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022; 6 (6): 297–308 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587‑6821‑2022‑6‑6‑297‑308</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sokolenko A., Sokolova T., Ni V., Preobrazhenskaya E. V., Iyevleva A. G., Aleksakhina S. N. et al. Frequency and spectrum of founder and non-founder BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in a large series of Russian breast cancer and ovarian cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2020; 184 (1): 229–235. DOI: 10.1007/s10549‑020‑05827‑8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolenko A., Sokolova T., Ni V., Preobrazhenskaya E. V., Iyevleva A. G., Aleksakhina S. N. et al. Frequency and spectrum of founder and non-founder BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in a large series of Russian breast cancer and ovarian cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2020; 184 (1): 229–235. DOI: 10.1007/s10549‑020‑05827‑8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotsopoulos J., Lubinski J., Gronwald J., Cybulski C., Demsky R., Neuhausen S. L. et al. Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study Group. Factors influencing ovulation and the risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Int J Cancer. 2015 Sep 1; 137(5): 1136–46. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29386</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotsopoulos J., Lubinski J., Gronwald J., Cybulski C., Demsky R., Neuhausen S. L. et al. Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study Group. Factors influencing ovulation and the risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Int J Cancer. 2015 Sep 1; 137(5): 1136–46. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29386</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang X., Chiang H., Wang Y., Zhang C., Smith S., Zhao X. et al. Attenuation of RNA polymerase II pausing mitigates BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and tumorigenesis. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 26; 8: 15908. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15908</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang X., Chiang H., Wang Y., Zhang C., Smith S., Zhao X. et al. Attenuation of RNA polymerase II pausing mitigates BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and tumorigenesis. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 26; 8: 15908. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15908</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maxwell K. N., Wubbenhorst B., Wenz B. M., DeSloover D., Pluta J., Emery L. et al. BRCA locus-specific loss of heterozygosity in germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Nat. Commun. 2017; 8 (1): 1–11. DOI: 10.1038/s41467‑017‑00388‑9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maxwell K. N., Wubbenhorst B., Wenz B. M., DeSloover D., Pluta J., Emery L. et al. BRCA locus-specific loss of heterozygosity in germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Nat. Commun. 2017; 8 (1): 1–11. DOI: 10.1038/s41467‑017‑00388‑9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wentzensen N., Poole E. M., Trabert B., White E., Arslan A. A., Patel A. V. et al. Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors by Histologic Subtype: An Analysis From the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Aug 20; 34 (24): 2888–98. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.8178</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wentzensen N., Poole E. M., Trabert B., White E., Arslan A. A., Patel A. V. et al. Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors by Histologic Subtype: An Analysis From the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Aug 20; 34 (24): 2888–98. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.8178</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Merritt M. A., Abe S. K., Islam M. R., Rahman M. S., Saito E., Katagiri R. et al. Reproductive factors and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: results from the Asia Cohort Consortium. Br J Cancer. 2025 Mar; 132 (4): 361–370. DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02924-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merritt M. A., Abe S. K., Islam M. R., Rahman M. S., Saito E., Katagiri R. et al. Reproductive factors and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: results from the Asia Cohort Consortium. Br J Cancer. 2025 Mar; 132 (4): 361–370. DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02924-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gay G. M., Lim J. S., Chay W. Y., Chow K. Y., Tan M. H., Lim W. Y. Reproductive factors, adiposity, breastfeeding and their associations with ovarian cancer in an Asian cohort. Cancer Causes Control. 2015; 26: 1561–73. DOI: 10.1007/s10552‑015‑0649‑6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gay G. M., Lim J. S., Chay W. Y., Chow K. Y., Tan M. H., Lim W. Y. Reproductive factors, adiposity, breastfeeding and their associations with ovarian cancer in an Asian cohort. Cancer Causes Control. 2015; 26: 1561–73. DOI: 10.1007/s10552‑015‑0649‑6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И. И., Мокрышева Н. Г., Мельниченко Г. А., Трошина Е. А., Мазурина Н. В., Ершова Е. В. и др. Ожирение. Клинические рекомендации. Consilium Medicum. 2021; 23 (4): 311–325.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dedov I. I., Mokrysheva N. G., Melnichenko G. A., Troshina E. A., Mazurina N. V., Ershova E. V. et al. Obesity. Clinical guidelines. Consilium Medicum. 2021; 23 (4): 311–325. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2021.4.200832</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagle C. M., Dixon S. C., Jensen A., Kjaer S. K., Modugno F., de Fazio A. et al. Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Obesity and survival among women with ovarian cancer: results from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Br J Cancer. 2015; 113 (5): 817–826.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagle C. M., Dixon S. C., Jensen A., Kjaer S. K., Modugno F., de Fazio A. et al. Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Obesity and survival among women with ovarian cancer: results from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Br J Cancer. 2015; 113 (5): 817–826.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Machackova E., Claes K., Mikova M., Házová J., Sťahlová E. H., Vasickova P. et al. Twenty Years of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Molecular Analysis at MMCI – Current Developments for the Classification of Variants. Klin Onkol Summer. 2019; 32 (Sup2): 51–71. DOI: 10.14735/amko2019S 51</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Machackova E., Claes K., Mikova M., Házová J., Sťahlová E. H., Vasickova P. et al. Twenty Years of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Molecular Analysis at MMCI – Current Developments for the Classification of Variants. Klin Onkol Summer. 2019; 32 (Sup2): 51–71. DOI: 10.14735/amko2019S 51</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Снигирева Г. П., Румянцева В. А., Новикова Е. И., Новицкая Н. Н., Телышева Е. Н., Хазинс Е. Д., Шайхаев Е. Г. Алгоритм молекулярно-генетического обследования для выявления наследственного BRCA-ассоциированного рака молочной железы. Альманах клинической медицины. 2019; 47 (1): 54–65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snigireva G. P., Rumyantseva V. A., Novikova E. I., Novitskaya N. N., Telysheva E. N., Khazins E. D., Shaikhaev E. G. Algorithm of molecular genetic investigation to identify hereditary BRCA-associated breast cancer. Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 47 (1): 54–65 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.18786/2072‑0505‑2019‑47002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
