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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-24-60-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4644</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Суммарная ЭЭГ: концепция множественности механизмов генерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Summary electroencephalography: the concept of multiple generation mechanisms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-3249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александров</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александров Михаил Всеволодович – д.м.н. профессор, заведующий отделением клинической нейрофизиологии, член правления РАСФД</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department ofClinical Neurophysiology</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdoktor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-1390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Машеров</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masherov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Машеров Евгений Леонидович – к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической нейрофизиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5954-1520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Лев Борисович – к.м.н., заведующий диагностическим отделением, член правления РАСФД</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Diagnostic Department </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «Almazov National Medical Research Centre» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. академика Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Institutions «National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery named after Academician N. N. Burdenko» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница № 9 им. Г.Н. Сперанского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Institution of Science «Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9 named after G.N. Speransky of the Moscow Department of Health»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>24</issue><issue-title>Современная функциональная диагностика (3)</issue-title><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Александров М.В., Машеров Е.Л., Иванов Л.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Александров М.В., Машеров Е.Л., Иванов Л.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleksandrov M.V., Masherov E.L., Ivanov L.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4644">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4644</self-uri><abstract><p>Предложена концепция формирования суммарной электроэнцефалограммы, опирающаяся на гипотезу о существовании трёх различных, но взаимосвязанных механизмов генерации биоэлектрической активности: процессов дендритной интеграции, процессов изменения уровня постоянного потенциала, импульсной активности кортикальных нейронов. Взаимодействие источников различной природы лежит в основе активности, регистрируемой на суммарной ЭЭГ. При доминировании таламокортикальной системы регистрируется ритмизированная активность, частота которой зависит от функционального состояния ЦНС. Разрядные формы активности на ЭЭГ отражают гиперсинхронную импульсную активность большого пула корковых нейронов. В основе медленноволновой активности дельта-диапазона лежат дисметаболические процессы, с одной стороны, подавляющие таламо-кортикальный механизм, с другой, вызывающие выраженные изменения постоянного потенциала. Предложенная концепция направлена не только на объяснение разнообразия ЭЭГ феноменологии, но и открывает возможности для поиска новых методов анализа ЭЭГ, опирающихся на понимание физиологических механизмов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The concept of formation of the summary electroencephalogram is proposed, based on the hypothesis of the existence of three different, but interconnected mechanisms of bioelectrical activity generation: dendritic integration processes, processes of change in the level of constant potential, impulse activity of cortical neurons. The interaction of sources of different nature underlies the activity recorded on the summary EEG. With the dominance of the thalamocortical system, rhythmic activity is recorded, the frequency of which depends on the functional state of the central nervous system. Discharge forms of activity on the EEG reflect the hypersynchronous impulse activity of a large pool of cortical neurons. The basis of the slow-wave activity of the delta range are dysmetabolic processes, on the one hand, suppressing the thalamocortical mechanism, on the other, causing pronounced changes in the constant potential. The proposed concept is aimed not only at explaining the diversity of EEG phenomenology, but also opens up opportunities for finding new methods of EEG analysis based on an understanding of physiological mechanisms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейрофизиология</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография</kwd><kwd>биоэлектрическая активность головного мозга</kwd><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>альфа-тета-континуум</kwd><kwd>медленная активность</kwd><kwd>эпилептиформная активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neurophysiology</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography</kwd><kwd>bioelectrical activity of the brain</kwd><kwd>central nervous system</kwd><kwd>alpha-theta continuum</kwd><kwd>slow activity</kwd><kwd>epileptiform activity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александров М.В., Александров А.М.. Электроэнцефалография: начало. 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