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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-22-79-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность, вирусная нагрузка и физический статус вируса папилломы человека у пациентов групп риска по инфекциям, передаваемым половым путем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence, viral load and physical status of human papilloma virus in patients at risk for sexually transmitted infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0029-7150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касаткин</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasatkin</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Касаткин Евгений Владимирович, к. м.н, научный сотрудник; главный врач</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 58154357800</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kasatkin Evgeny V., PhD Med, research fellow; chief physician</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 58154357800</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kasatkine@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-3505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лялина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyalina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лялина Людмила Владимировна, д. м. н., профессор, заведующая лабораторией эпидемиологии инфекционных и неинфекционных заболеваний; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyalina Lyudmila V., DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Laboratory of Epidemiology of Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases; professor at Dept of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfection</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lvlyalina777@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1268-6172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холопов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholopov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холопов Дмитрий Вячеславович, к. м. н., врач-онколог</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kholopov Dmitry V., PhD Med, oncologist</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xolopov.D.V@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-2635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Задоркина</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zadorkina</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Задоркина Татьяна Геннадьевна, к. м. н., главный врач</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zadorkina Tatyana G., PhD Med, chief physician</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zadorkina_ast@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера» Роспотребнадзора; СПб ГБУЗ «Кожно-венерологический диспансер № 8»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; Skin and venereological dispensary No. 8</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская поликлиника № 109»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City polyclinic No. 109</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи Калининградской области»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care of the Kaliningrad Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>22</issue><issue-title>«Современная лаборатория» (2)</issue-title><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Касаткин Е.В., Лялина Л.В., Холопов Д.В., Задоркина Т.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Касаткин Е.В., Лялина Л.В., Холопов Д.В., Задоркина Т.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kasatkin E.V., Lyalina L.V., Kholopov D.V., Zadorkina T.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4614">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4614</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Папилломавирусная инфекция (ПВИ) – наиболее распространенная в мире инфекция, передаваемая половым путем (ИППП). Вирус папилломы человека (ВПЧ) высокого канцерогенного риска (ВКР) играет ключевую роль в возникновении рака шейки матки (РШМ) и других злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО) различной локализации. Основными средствами современных стратегий профилактики ВПЧ-инфекции считаются вакцинация и скрининг с высоким охватом целевых групп. Пациенты дерматовенерологического профиля относятся к группам высокого риска заражения и последующего распространения ВПЧ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Изучение распространенности различных генотипов вируса папилломы человека и основных биомаркеров риска возникновения злокачественных новообразований у пациентов с инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 32398 женщин, пациенток лечебно-профилактических учреждений Санкт-Петербурга в 2019– 2023 гг. Проводили выявление, генотипирование, определение вирусной нагрузки и степени интеграции ДНК ВПЧ в геном человека. В Калининградской области обследовано 51536 женщин в 2020–2024 гг. Методы исследования: ПЦР в реальном времени, клинический, эпидемиологический, методы статистики.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Распространенность ВПЧ ВКР среди пациентов дерматологического профиля составила 30,5 %–31,3 %, в группе сравнения (пациенты гинекологического профиля) – 27,3 %, различия статистически значимы (p&lt;0,001). Анализ вирусной нагрузки у пациентов дерматовенерологического профиля показал наличие риска персистенции и передачи ВПЧ контактным. Среди пациентов с ИППП и высокой вирусной нагрузкой частота интеграции ВПЧ в геном клетки встречалась в 7–20 раз чаще, чем в группе не дерматологического профиля, что указывает на повышенный риск возникновения ЗНО. В Калининградской области частота обнаружения ВПЧ ВКР среди женщин в возрасте от 30 до 49 лет составила в среднем 9,5 %, однако ВПЧ-позитивными оказались 42 % пациентов с NILM (патология не выявлена), 88 % с LSIL и 100 % с HSIL, в 71 случае диагностирован РШМ. Наиболее часто обнаруживались ВПЧ 16, 31, 33 и 58 типов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Высокая распространенность онкогенных типов вируса папилломы человека и значительный риск развития ЗНО у пациентов с ИППП и контактных являются обоснованием для совершенствования системы скрининга и включения указанных контингентов в группы, которым рекомендуется вакцинация против ВПЧ по эпидемическим показаниям.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) plays a key role in the development of cervical cancer (CC) and other malignant neoplasms (MN) of various localizations. The main tools of modern HPV prevention strategies are vaccination and high-coverage screening of target groups. Patients of dermatovenereological profile belong to high-risk groups for HPV infection and subsequent transmission.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. To investigate the prevalence of different HPV genotypes and the main biomarkers of malignant neoplasm risk in patients with sexually transmitted infections.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A total of 32,398 women, patients of healthcare facilities in Saint Petersburg, were examined in 2019–2023. HPV detection, genotyping, viral load determination, and the degree of HPV DNA integration into the human genome were carried out. In the Kaliningrad region, 51,536 women were examined in 2020–2024. Research methods: real-time PCR, clinical, epidemiological, and statistical methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The prevalence of HR-HPV among dermatological-profile patients was 30.5 %–31.3 %, compared to 27.3 % in the gynecological-profile group; the differences were statistically significant (p&lt;0.001). Analysis of viral load in dermatovenereological patients showed the presence of risk for HPV persistence and contact transmission. Among patients with STIs and high viral load, the frequency of HPV integration into the host cell genome was 7–20 times higher than in the non-dermatological profile group, indicating an increased risk of MN development. In the Kaliningrad region, the detection rate of HR-HPV among women aged 30–49 years averaged 9.5 %. However, 42 % of NILM (negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy) patients, 88 % of LSIL patients, and 100 % of HSIL patients were HPV-positive; cervical cancer was diagnosed in 71 cases. The most frequently detected HPV types were 16, 31, 33, and 58.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The high prevalence of oncogenic HPV types and the significant risk of malignant neoplasm development among patients with STIs and their contacts justify improving the screening system and including these groups among those recommended for HPV vaccination on epidemiological grounds.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус папилломы человека</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>вирусная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>интеграция ДНК вируса</kwd><kwd>пациенты дерматовенерологического и гинекологического профиля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human papillomavirus</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>viral load</kwd><kwd>viral DNA integration</kwd><kwd>dermatovenereological and gynecological profile patients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trottier H., Franco E. L. The epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infection. 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