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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-19-9-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4511</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О микронутриентных дефицитах во время беременности и лактации и способах их коррекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>About micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy and lactation and methods of their correction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-3591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлова Светлана Владимировна, д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой диетологии и клинической нутрициологии, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orlova Svetlana V., DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutritiology, Chief Researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orlova-sv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-9459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопенко Елена Валерьевна, руководитель отдела развития и сопровождения МИС и сервисов департамента по развитию медицинской деятельности</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prokopenko Elena V., head of Dept for Development and Maintenance of Medical Information System and Services of the Department for Development of Medical Activities of Invitro LLC</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elvprokopenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4956-0466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радзинский</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radzinsky</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Радзинский Виктор Евсеевич, д.м.н., академик РАН, проф., зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии Медицинского института, засл. деятель науки РФ</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radzinsky Viktor E., RAS academician, DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course in Perinatology, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">radzinsky@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-0333</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитина Елена Александровна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры диетологии и клинической нутрициологии, научный сотрудник, эксперт Методического аккредитационно-симуляционного центра</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikitina Elena A., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, research fellow, Expert of the Methodological Accreditation and Simulation Center</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitina-ea1@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9101-7569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олина Анна Александровна, д.м.н., проф., зам. директора по развитию, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии №1</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olina Anna A., DM Sci (habil.), professor, deputy director for Development, professor at Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olina29@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7567-6043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габидуллина</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabidullina</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Габидуллина Рушанья Исмагиловна, д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии им. проф. В.С. Груздева</p><p>Казань </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gabidullina Rushanya I., DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after. prof. V.S. Gruzdeva</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ru.gabidullina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5288-1132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коденцова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodentsova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коденцова Вера Митрофановна, д.б.н., проф., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории витаминов и минеральных веществ</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kodentsova Vera M., Dr Bio Sci, professor, chief researcher at Laboratory of Vitamins and Minerals</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kodentsova@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3389-8115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рисник</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Risnik</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рисник Дмитрий Владимирович, к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник кафедры биофизики биологического факультета</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Risnik Dmitry V., Ph.D., leading researcher at Dept of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biant3@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-1082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водолазкая</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodolazkaya</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Водолазкая Ангелина Николаевна, врач эндокринолог-диетолог </p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vodolazkaya Angelina N., endocrinologist-nutritionist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drvodolazkaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН) ; ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр детской психоневрологии Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University) ; Scientific and Practical Center for Child Psychoneurology of the Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ИНВИТРО»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>INVITRO LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН) ; ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр детской психоневрологии Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы» ; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University) ; Scientific and Practical Center for Child Psychoneurology of the Moscow City Health Department ; National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д.О. Отта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D.O. Ott Research Institute of Gynecology and Reproductology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Медицинский центр Атлас»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Atlas Medical Center LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>19</issue><issue-title>«Диетология и нутрициология»</issue-title><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орлова С.В., Прокопенко Е.В., Радзинский В.Е., Никитина Е.А., Олина А.А., Габидуллина Р.И., Коденцова В.М., Рисник Д.В., Водолазкая А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлова С.В., Прокопенко Е.В., Радзинский В.Е., Никитина Е.А., Олина А.А., Габидуллина Р.И., Коденцова В.М., Рисник Д.В., Водолазкая А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlova S.V., Prokopenko E.V., Radzinsky V.E., Nikitina E.A., Olina A.A., Gabidullina R.I., Kodentsova V.M., Risnik D.V., Vodolazkaya A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4511">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4511</self-uri><abstract><p>Адекватное питание женщины во время беременности и грудного вскармливания играет ключевую роль в здоровом течении беременности, росте и развитии плода и ребенка. В этот период существенно повышается потребность не только в макронутриентах, но и витаминах и минералах, необходимых для множества метаболических процессов, формирования тканей плода, созревания плаценты и перестройки организма матери. Однако рацион многих женщин далек от оптимального: даже при полноценном питании часто наблюдается недостаточное потребление ряда микронутриентов. Девушки и женщины детородного возраста в целом относятся к группе высокого риска развития дефицита микронутриентов, что делает данную проблему чрезвычайно актуальной. У беременных отмечается полигиповитаминоз – одновременный дефицит нескольких витаминов. Ниже рассмотрены наиболее распространенные дефициты витаминов и минералов у беременных и кормящих женщин в России и мире, а также их влияние на плод и ребенка. Обосновывается необходимость комплексной нутритивной поддержки женщин на этапах планирования беременности, гестации и лактации с использованием сбалансированных витаминно-минеральных комплексов для профилактики осложнений беременности и обеспечения оптимального развития потомства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Adequate nutrition of a woman during pregnancy and breastfeeding plays a key role in the healthy course of pregnancy, growth and development of the fetus and child. During this period, the need for not only macronutrients, but also vitamins and minerals necessary for many metabolic processes, the formation of fetal tissue, maturation of the placenta and the restructuring of the mother’s body, increases significantly. However, the diet of many women is far from optimal: even with adequate nutrition, insufficient consumption of a number of micronutrients is often observed. Girls and women of childbearing age in general belong to the high-risk group for developing micronutrient deficiency, which makes this problem extremely relevant. Pregnant women have polyhypovitaminosis – a simultaneous deficiency of several vitamins. Below are the most common vitamin and mineral deficiencies in pregnant and lactating women in Russia and the world, as well as their impact on the fetus and child. The need for comprehensive nutritional support for women at the stages of pregnancy planning, gestation and lactation using balanced vitamin and mineral complexes to prevent pregnancy complications and ensure optimal development of offspring is substantiated.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>лактация</kwd><kwd>плод</kwd><kwd>внутриутробные пороки развития</kwd><kwd>фетальное программирование</kwd><kwd>дефициты микронутриентов</kwd><kwd>железо</kwd><kwd>кальций</kwd><kwd>магний</kwd><kwd>йод</kwd><kwd>цинк</kwd><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>фолаты</kwd><kwd>витамин В12</kwd><kwd>витамин А</kwd><kwd>омега‑3 ПНЖК</kwd><kwd>Фемивелл</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>lactation</kwd><kwd>fetus</kwd><kwd>intrauterine malformations</kwd><kwd>fetal programming</kwd><kwd>micronutrient deficiencies</kwd><kwd>iron</kwd><kwd>calcium</kwd><kwd>magnesium</kwd><kwd>iodine</kwd><kwd>zinc</kwd><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>folates</kwd><kwd>vitamin B 12</kwd><kwd>vitamin A</kwd><kwd>omega‑3 PUFA</kwd><kwd>Femivell</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Публикация выполнена при поддержке Программы стратегического академического лидерства РУДН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The publication was supported by the RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shinde S, Wang D, Yussuf MH, Mwanyika-Sando M, Aboud S, Fawzi WW. 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