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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-16-21-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика антибиотикорезистентности доминантной грамотрицательной флоры мочевыводящих путей у взрослого населения Центрального федерального округа и г. Москвы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of antibiotic resistance of the dominant gram-negative flora of the urinary tract in the adult population of the Central Federal District and Moscow</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5470-2151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов Владимир Михайлович, аспирант</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kulikov Vladimir M., postgraduate student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.kulikov1991@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-0747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тронза</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tronza</surname><given-names>T.  V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тронза Татьяна Васильевна, руководитель направления лабораторных исследований лаборатории клинической микробиологии и микробной экологии человека</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tronza Tatyana V., head of Laboratory Research, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Human Microbial Ecology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tronza@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4482-6230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваль</surname><given-names>Г.  А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koval</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коваль Галина Анатольевна, врач-бактериолог лаборатории клинической микробиологии и микробной экологии человека</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koval Galina A., bacteriologist at Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Human Microbial Ecology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">machneva@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-6521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скачкова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skachkova</surname><given-names>T.  S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скачкова Татьяна Сергеевна, к.м.н., ВРИО заведующего лабораторией молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии инфекций органов репродукции</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Skachkova Tatyana S., PhD Med, acting head of Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology of Reproductive Organ Infections</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skachkova@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акимкин Василий Геннадьевич, академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akimkin Vasily G., RAS academician, DM Sci (habil.), professor, director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>16</issue><issue-title>Эпидемиология, гигиена, инфекционные болезни (1)</issue-title><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куликов В.М., Тронза Т.В., Коваль Г.А., Скачкова Т.С., Акимкин В.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куликов В.М., Тронза Т.В., Коваль Г.А., Скачкова Т.С., Акимкин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulikov V.M., Tronza T.V., Koval G.A., Skachkova T.S., Akimkin V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4480">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4480</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Антибиотикорезистентность грамотрицательных бактерий, вызывающих инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП), представляет серьезную угрозу для здравоохранения и требует регулярного мониторинга локальных тенденций устойчивости.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить динамику антибиотикорезистентности доминантной грамотрицательной флоры мочевыводящих путей у взрослого населения Центрального федерального округа и г. Москвы в 2017–2022 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ 34532 проб мочи пациентов старше 18 лет с бактериурией ≥105 КОЕ/мл. Идентификация микроорганизмов осуществлялась методом MALDI-TOF MS, определение чувствительности – диско-диффузионным методом по стандартам EUCAST. Изучена динамика резистентности к амикацину, гентамицину, тобрамицину, ампициллину, левофлоксацину, ципрофлоксацину, цефепиму, цефтазидиму и меропенему. Результаты. В период с 2017 по 2022 годы наблюдался статистически значимый рост доли изолятов Escherichia coli и Klebsiella pneumoniae, устойчивых к цефалоспоринам, фторхинолонам и карбапенемам. Частота выявления изолятов Proteus mirabilis, устойчивых к цефалоспоринам увеличилась в 3 раза в 2022 году по сравнению с 2017 годом (p&lt;0,0001). Рост резистентности возбудителей инфекций мочевыводящих путей к цефалоспоринам, фторхинолонам и карбапенемам создает критическую угрозу для эмпирической терапии. Заключение. Рост резистентности доминантных уропатогенов к цефалоспоринам, фторхинолонам и карбапенемам создает критическую угрозу для эмпирической терапии ИМП и требует усиленного контроля за рациональным использованием антимикробных препаратов и усиления эпидемиологического контроля.&gt;&lt;0,0001) . Рост резистентности возбудителей инфекций мочевыводящих путей к цефалоспоринам, фторхинолонам и карбапенемам создает критическую угрозу для эмпирической терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Рост резистентности доминантных уропатогенов к цефалоспоринам, фторхинолонам и карбапенемам создает критическую угрозу для эмпирической терапии ИМП и требует усиленного контроля за рациональным использованием антимикробных препаратов и усиления эпидемиологического контроля.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) poses a serious threat to healthcare and requires regular monitoring of local resistance trends. Objective. To assess the dynamics of antibiotic resistance of dominant gram-negative flora of the urogenital tract in the adult population of the Central Federal District and Moscow in 2017–2022.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 34,532 urine samples from patients over 18 years of age with bacteriuria ≥105 CFU/ml was conducted. Microorganism identification was performed using MALDI-TOF MS, and sensitivity testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to EUCAST standards. The dynamics of resistance to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ampicillin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, and meropenem were studied. Results. In the period from 2017 to 2022, there was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates resistant to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems. The detection rate of cephalosporin-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolates increased 3-fold in 2022 compared to 2017 (p&lt;0.0001). The increasing resistance of urinary tract infections to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems poses a critical threat to empirical therapy. Conclusion. The growing resistance of dominant uropathogens to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems poses a critical threat to empirical UTI therapy and requires increased monitoring of the rational use of antimicrobials and increased epidemiological control.&gt;&lt;0.0001) ). The increasing resistance of urinary tract infections to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems poses a critical threat to empirical therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The growing resistance of dominant uropathogens to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems poses a critical threat to empirical UTI therapy and requires increased monitoring of the rational use of antimicrobials and increased epidemiological control.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>инфекции мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Proteus mirabilis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infections</kwd><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Proteus mirabilis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ajulo S., Awosile B., Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS2022): Investigating the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial consumption data across the participating countries // Plos.– 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ajulo S., Awosile B., Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS2022): Investigating the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial consumption data across the participating countries // Plos.– 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murray C J L, et al., Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis // The lancet. 2022. 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