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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-15-21-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4456</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ишемический инсульт у женщин в Дагестане: лабораторные и генетические аспекты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ischemic stroke in women in Dagestan: laboratory and genetic aspects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-0424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манышева</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manysheva</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Манышева Ксения Борисовна, ассистент кафедры нервных болезней, медицинской генетики и нейрохирургии</p><p>Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Manysheva Ksenia B., assistant professor at Dept of Nervous Diseases, Medical Genetics and Neurosurgery</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>15</issue><issue-title>«Неврология и психиатрия» (2)</issue-title><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Манышева К.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Манышева К.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Manysheva K.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4456">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4456</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Инсульт на протяжении десятилетий сохраняет лидирующие позиции среди причин смертности населения во всем мире. Несмотря на совершенствование методов диагностики, для 40 % пациентов, перенесших ишемический инсульт, не удается установить его причины. Высокая частота случаев инсульта остается серьезной проблемой системы здравоохранения, требуя к себе повышенного внимания и разработки новых профилактических стратегий.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: установить связь некоторых модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторов с возникновением ишемического инсульта у женщин в Республике Дагестан.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В работе использован дизайн одномоментного сплошного исследования. В исследование были включены 75 женщин в острейшем периоде ишемического инсульта и 35 женщин, проживающих в Дагестане, без ОНМК в анамнезе. Исследование анализа результатов лабораторных и молекулярно-генетических методов исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Два гена вносят значимый вклад в риск возникновения ишемического инсульта в Дагестане. Гипергомоцистеинемия может служить маркером острой церебральной ишемии у женщин в Дагестане. Выявлен статистически значимый более высокий уровень гомоцистеина у пациенток с вариантом ТТ гена MTHFR (p&lt;0,05). Пациентки с ишемическим инсультом при наличии полиморфизма 4G/4G гена PAI-1 имеют статистически значимо более высокое значение индекса атерогенности по сравнению с пациентками с полиморфизмом 5G/5G.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Не все изученные модифицируемые и немодифицируемые факторы способствуют развитию инсульта у женщин Дагестана. Молекулярно-генетические методы в современной медицине становятся рутинными, и их использование в качестве немодифицируемых факторов риска может стать важным компонентом персонализированной диагностики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Stroke has been the leading cause of death worldwide for decades. Despite the improvement of diagnostic methods, for 40 % of patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke, its cause cannot be established. The high incidence of stroke remains a serious problem for the healthcare system, requiring increased attention and the development of new preventive strategies.Objective: to establish the relationship between some modifiable and non-modifiable factors and the occurrence of ischemic stroke in women in the Republic of Dagestan.Methods. The study used a cross-sectional continuous study design. The study included 75 women in the acute period of ischemic stroke and 35 women living in Dagestan without a history of acute cerebrovascular accident. The study analyzed the results of laboratory and molecular genetic research methods.Results. Two genes make a significant contribution to the risk of ischemic stroke in Dagestan. Hyperhomocysteinemia can be regarded as a marker of acute cerebral ischemia in women in Dagestan. A statistically significant higher level of homocysteine was found in patients with the TT variant of the MTHFR gene (p&lt;0.05). Patients with ischemic stroke in the presence of 4G/4G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene have a statistically significantly higher atherogenic index value compared to patients with 5G/5G polymorphism.Conclusion. Not all studied modifiable and non-modifiable factors contribute to the development of stroke in women in Dagestan. Molecular genetic methods in modern medicine are becoming routine, and their use as non-modifiable risk factors can become an important component of personalized diagnostics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>женщины</kwd><kwd>Республика Дагестан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>women</kwd><kwd>Republic of Dagestan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Магомаев М. Ф., Умаханова З. Р., Калияев И. Д. и др. Гендерные особенности церебрального инсульта в Дагестане. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2012; 8 (100):102–105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Магомаев М. Ф., Умаханова З. Р., Калияев И. Д. и др. Гендерные особенности церебрального инсульта в Дагестане. 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