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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2025-10-95-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4329</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиэтиологичность бруксизма: дифференциальная диагностика и подходы к лечению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polyethiology of bruxism: differential diagnosis and treatment approaches</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4849-1828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярцева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yartseva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярцева Александра Вадимовна – к.м.н., доцент кафедры обезболивания  в стоматологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yartseva Alexandra Vadimovna – PhD, Associate Professor of the Department,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-5150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Янова Нина Александровна – к.м.н., доцент кафедры клинической стоматологии,</p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yanova Nina Aleksandrovna  – PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of ClinicalDentistry,</p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6360-1338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толстунов</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstunov</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Толстунов Леонид Григорьевич – к.м.н., доцент кафедры стоматологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid Grigorievich Tolstunov – PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Dentistry,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6140-456X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыдова Валентина Владимировна – главный врач, стоматолог-ортопед,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina Vladimirovna Davydova – Chief Physician, Orthopedic Dentist,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6360-1338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасиева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasieva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хасиева Мадина Авхатовна – стоматолог-ортопед,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Madina Avkhatovna Khasieva – Orthopedic Dentist,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Medicine» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им.Н.И.Лобачевского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский медицинский университет «Реавиз»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Medical University «Reaviz»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр профилактической стоматологии «Профидент»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for preventive dentistry «Profident»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><issue-title>Стоматология (2)</issue-title><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ярцева А.В., Янова Н.А., Толстунов Л.Г., Давыдова В.В., Хасиева М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ярцева А.В., Янова Н.А., Толстунов Л.Г., Давыдова В.В., Хасиева М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yartseva A.V., Yanova N.A., Tolstunov L.G., Davydova V.V., Khasieva M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4329">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4329</self-uri><abstract><p>В данном литературном обзоре рассматриваются вопросы дифференциальной диагностики, этиологии и патогенетического лечения бруксизма. Отмечено, что за последние годы все больший интерес данная проблема вызывает у врачей разных специальностей, включая неврологов, стоматологов - ортопедов, пародонтологов, ортодонтов, нейрохирургов. Несмотря на то, что в современной классификации болезней данный симптом относят к патологиям соматоформного спектра, нельзя сказать, что данное заболевание является исключительно функциональным – в целом ряде ситуаций имеется органический субстрат бруксизма. В ортодонтической практике дефекты окклюзии вызывают компенсаторный мышечный спазм, направленный на восстановление биомеханики височно – нижнечелюстного сустава, при поражении нервной системы имеется верифицированная атрофия или дегенерация базальных ядер, а также нейронов сенсомоторного контура. Этипоатогенетический подход к лечению бруксизма является ключевым в повышении качества жизни пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This literature review addresses the issues of differential diagnosis, etiology and pathogenetic treatment of bruxism. It is noted that in recent years this problem has been of increasing interest to physicians of different specialties, including neurologists, orthodontists, and neurosurgeons. Despite the fact that in the modern classification of diseases this symptom is attributed to pathologies of the somatoform spectrum, it cannot be said that this disease is exclusively functional – in a number of situations there is an organic substrate of bruxism. In orthodontic practice, occlusal defects cause compensatory muscle spasm, aimed at restoring the biomechanics of the temporomandibular joint; in the case of the nervous system, there is verified atrophy or degeneration of basal nuclei and sensorimotor neurons. Etipoatogenetic approach to the treatment of bruxism is the key to improving the quality of life of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бруксизм</kwd><kwd>дисфункция височно-нижнечелюстного сустава</kwd><kwd>стоматология</kwd><kwd>неврология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bruxism</kwd><kwd>temporomandibular joint dysfunction</kwd><kwd>dentistry</kwd><kwd>neurology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bulanda S, Ilczuk-Rypuła D, Nitecka-Buchta A, Nowak Z, Baron S, Postek-Stefańska L. Sleep Bruxism in Children: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment-A Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 10;18(18):9544. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18189544. PMID: 34574467; PMCID: PMC8471284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulanda S, Ilczuk-Rypuła D, Nitecka-Buchta A, Nowak Z, Baron S, Postek-Stefańska L. 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