medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2025-2-41-47medalphabet-4252Research ArticleНЕВРОЛОГИЯ И ПСИХИАТРИЯNEUROLOGY AND PSYCHIATRYПарадоксальная психоневрология: необычное течение обычных заболеванийParadoxical neuropsychiatry: an unusual course of common diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-5537ДамулинИ. В.DamulinI. V.

 Дамулин Игорь Владимирович, д. м. н., проф., ведущий научный сотрудник отделения экзогенно-органических расстройств и эпилепсии; проф. кафедры неврологии Факультета дополнительного профессионального образования Института непрерывного образования и профессионального развития

Москва

 Damulin Igor V., DM Sci (habil.), professor, leading researcher at Depnt of Exogenous Organic Disorders and Epilepsy; professor at Dept of Neurology at the Faculty of Additional Professional Education at the Institute of Continuing Education and Professional Development

Moscow

damulin_igor@mail.ruМосковский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В. П. Сербского» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский университет)РоссияMoscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – a branch of National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Addiction Psychiatry n. a. V. P. Serbsky; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University)Russian Federation20252703202502«Неврология и психиатрия» (1)4147Copyright © Дамулин И.В., 20252025Дамулин И.В.Damulin I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4252

 В обзорной статье рассматриваются необычные с точки зрения традиционной психоневрологии ситуации, когда поражение головного мозга приводит не к нарастанию дефекта, а к его уменьшению или исчезновению. Подобные необычные и неожиданные эффекты церебральных поражений отмечаются при различных по генезу заболеваниях. Особое внимание уделено инсульту и черепно-мозговой травме. Приводятся результаты работ, в которых показано уменьшение выраженности экстрапирамидных нарушений, болевых синдромов, обсессивно-компульсивных нарушений, различного рода аддикций у пациентов после перенесенного инсульта. Также рассматриваются случаи регресса эпилептических приступов и нарушений поведения после черепно-мозговой травмы. Подчеркивается то, что в основе подобных необычных эффектов лежит реорганизация церебральных связей с активацией тормозящих механизмов, в норме клинически себя не проявляющих, либо с определенными особенностями протекающих в патологических условиях процессов нейропластичности

 The review article examines unusual situations from the point of view of traditional neuropsychiatry, when brain damage does not lead to an increase in the defect, but to its decrease or disappearance. Similar unusual and unexpected effects of cerebral lesions are observed in patients with different types of the disease. Special attention is paid to stroke and traumatic brain injury. The paper presents the results of studies showing a decrease in the severity of extrapyramidal disorders, pain syndromes, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and various kinds of addictions in patients after a stroke. Cases of regression of epileptic seizures and behavioral disorders after traumatic brain injury are also considered. It is emphasized that such unusual effects are based on the reorganization of cerebral connections with the activation of inhibitory mechanisms that normally  do not manifest themselves clinically, or with certain features of neuroplasticity processes occurring in pathological conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.