medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2024-32-50-54medalphabet-4111Research ArticleСтатьиОтдаленные побочные эффекты нейротоксичности противоопухолевой терапии у детей, излеченных от лимфоидных опухолейLong-term side effects of neurotoxicity of antitumor therapy in children who survived lymphoid tumorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-316XКузнецоваЕ. И.KuznetsovaE. I.

Кузнецова Елена Ивановна, д.б.н, научный сотрудник отделения функциональной диагностики 

Москва 

Kuznetsova Elena I., Dr Bio Sci, senior researcher at Functional Diagnostics Dept. 

Moscow 

kuznetsovaeeg@mail.ruФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.N. Blokhin National Medical Investigation Centre of OncologyRussian Federation202421012025032Диагностика и онкотерапия (4)5054Copyright © Кузнецова Е.И., 20252025Кузнецова Е.И.Kuznetsova E.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4111Актуальность

Актуальность. Совершенствование диагностики и лечения детей с лимфоидными опухолями (ЛО) способствует увеличению числа излеченных пациентов. Противоопухолевая терапия оказывает побочное влияние на нервную систему, и может приводить к нейротоксическим последствиям. В связи с увеличением продолжительности жизни излеченных от ЛО детей, актуальна оценка отдаленных нейротоксических эффектов противоопухолевой терапии.

Цель

Цель: на основании данных литературы изучить отдаленные побочные нейротоксические эффекты противоопухолевой терапии у излеченных от ЛО детей.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. При написании обзора литературы проведен анализ данных в специализированных медицинских базах Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science по исследованиям у детей, излеченных от лимфоидных опухолей 1993 по 2023 год.

Результаты

Результаты. У излеченных детей от лимфоидных опухолей отдаленные нейротоксические эффекты терапии, содержащей метотрексат в высоких дозах, проявляются нейрокогнитивным снижением и структурными изменениями головного мозга. Поздняя периферическая нейропатия, вызванная винкристином, влияет на качество жизни пациентов в физическом и социальном аспекте. Однако, не определены прогностические параметры отдаленных нейротоксических эффектов у излеченных от ЛО детей. Вопросы наблюдения за пациентами в отдаленные сроки недостаточно изучены. Это будет способствовать проведению реабилитации и длительному наблюдению за пациентами с онкогематологическими заболеваниями, и улучшению качества их жизни.

Relevance

Relevance. Improving the diagnosis and treatment of children with lymphoid tumors (LT) contributes to an increase in the number of cured patients. Antitumor therapy has a side effect on the nervous system, and can lead to neurotoxic consequences. Due to the increased life expectancy of children cured of LT, the assessment of the long-term neurotoxic effects of antitumor therapy is relevant.

Objective

Objective: based on the literature data, to study the long-term neurotoxic side effects of antitumor therapy in children cured of LT.

Material and methods

Material and methods. When writing a literature review, data were analyzed in specialized medical databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science on research in children cured of lymphoid tumors from 1993 to 2023.

Results

Results. In cured children from lymphoid tumors, the long-term neurotoxic effects of therapy containing methotrexate in high doses are manifested by neurocognitive decline and structural changes in the brain. Late peripheral neuropathy caused by vincristine affects the quality of life of patients in physical and social aspects. However, the prognostic parameters of long-term neurotoxic effects in children cured of LT have not been determined. The issues of monitoring patients in the long term have not been sufficiently studied. This will contribute to the rehabilitation and long-term follow-up of patients with oncohematological diseases, and improve their quality of life.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.